1.准备工作
首先得准备两个能够PING通,并且装了Oracle软件且已经建库的Linux虚拟机。操作系统不限,至少有一个虚拟机已经建好库,最好两个都建好相同SID的库,这样少很多创建目录的麻烦,这里库的SID都是orcl,Linux严格区分大小写,所以SID的大小写得注意。
我这里有两个名为PD和ST的Linux虚拟机。
PD:192.168.56.42(主库)
ST:192.168.56.43(备库)
2.在主库做一些操作
2.1强制force logging
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes
Fixed Size 2253784 bytes
Variable Size 1006636072 bytes
Database Buffers 637534208 bytes
Redo Buffers 7094272 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database force logging; --修改数据库为强制记日志,这是必须的操作,主库的每一步操作都得记录到日志中去。
Database altered.
2.2开启主库的归档模式
SQL> alter database archivelog; --修改数据库为归档模式,因为dg是通过传送归档日志到备库然后应用来保证主备库一致的。
Database altered.
2.3创建standby redo log
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo04.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo05.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo06.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo07.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> select group#,type,member from v$logfile;
GROUP# TYPE MEMBER
---------- ------- --------------------------------------------------
3 ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log
2 ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log
1 ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log
4 STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo04.log
5 STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo05.log
6 STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo06.log
7 STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo07.log
2.4创建pfile
SQL> create pfile from spfile;--这里创建pfile是为了做一些主库参数的配置,并且还得拷贝到备库再次修改成备库的配置。
File created.
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
2.5创建主库归档目录
[oracle@PD orcl]$ mkdir archivelog --建立这个目录是为了存放主库的归档日志文件,并且这个目录会和其他数据文件等等一起拷贝到备库。
[oracle@PD orcl]$ cd archivelog/
[oracle@PD archivelog]$ ls
[oracle@PD archivelog]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog
2.6在主备库同时创建静态监听listener和tnsname
建议用net manager建立
主库orcl_pd:192.168.56.42
[oracle@PD admin]$ cat listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
[oracle@PD admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
ORCL_ST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.43)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
ORCL_PD =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.42)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
[oracle@PD orcl]$ lsnrctl
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 21-MAR-2016 00:59:09
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information.
LSNRCTL> status
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00511: No listener
Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00511: No listener
Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
LSNRCTL> start
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/PD/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=PD)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 21-MAR-2016 00:59:16
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/PD/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=PD)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
LSNRCTL> exit
备库orcl_pd:192.168.56.43
[oracle@ST admin]$ cat listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL