控制文件丢失的RMAN恢复

1. 做一次RMAN的数据库全备
C:>rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期一 8月 27 13:58:37 2007

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ALEX (DBID=1906837469)

RMAN> run{
2> allocate channel c1 type disk;
3> backup full tag 'FullBackup' format 'd:ora_bakALEX_%U.dbf' database include current controlfile;
4> sql 'alter system archive log current';
5> release channel c1;
6> }

[@more@]

released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: c1
channel c1: sid=142 devtype=DISK

Starting backup at 27-8月 -07
channel c1: starting full datafile backupset
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=D:ORACLEPRODUCT10.2.0ORADATAALEXSYSTEM01.DBF
input datafile fno=00003 name=D:ORACLEPRODUCT10.2.0ORADATAALEXSYSAUX01.DBF
input datafile fno=00002 name=D:ORACLEPRODUCT10.2.0ORADATAALEXUNDOTBS01.DBF
input datafile fno=00004 name=D:ORACLEPRODUCT10.2.0ORADATAALEXUSERS01.DBF
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 27-8月 -07
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 27-8月 -07
piece handle=D:ORA_BAKALEX_03IQEJ1A_1_1.DBF tag=FULLBACKUP comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:56
channel c1: starting full datafile backupset
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 27-8月 -07
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 27-8月 -07
piece handle=D:ORA_BAKALEX_04IQEJ32_1_1.DBF tag=FULLBACKUP comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 27-8月 -07

sql statement: alter system archive log current

released channel: c1

2. 关闭数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

3. 删除所有的数据文件和控制文件

4. unmount数据库
SQL> startup force nomount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes
Fixed Size 1247900 bytes
Variable Size 67110244 bytes
Database Buffers 96468992 bytes
Redo Buffers 2945024 bytes

5. 调用dbms_backup_restore包恢复控制文件（RMAN直接调用该包）
SQL> DECLARE
2 devtype varchar2(256);
3 done boolean;
4 BEGIN
5 --分配一个device channel ，因为使用的操作系统文件，所以这里为空，如果是从磁带上恢复要用"sbt_tape"
6 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'T1');
7 --开始restore
8 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
9 --指出待恢复文件目标存储位置
10 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'D:oracleproduct10.2.0oradataalexControl01.ctl');
11 --从哪个备份片中恢复
12 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'D:ora_bakALEX_04IQEJ32_1_1.DBF', params=>null);
13 sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
14 END;
15 /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

6. 调用dbms_backup_restore包恢复数据文件
SQL> DECLARE
2 devtype varchar2(256);
3 done boolean;
4 BEGIN
5 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate (type=>'',ident=>'T1');
6 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
7 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>00001,toname=>'D:oracleproduct10.2.0oradataalexSYSTEM01.DBF');
8 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>00002,toname=>'D:oracleproduct10.2.0oradataalexUNDOTBS01.DBF');
9 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>00003,toname=>'D:oracleproduct10.2.0oradataalexSYSAUX01.DBF');
10 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>00004,toname=>'D:oracleproduct10.2.0oradataalexUSERS01.DBF');
11 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'d:ora_bakALEX_03IQEJ1A_1_1.DBF', params=>null);
12 sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
13 END;
14 /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

7. 介质恢复数据库，要求resetlogs
SQL> startup mount force
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes
Fixed Size 1247900 bytes
Variable Size 67110244 bytes
Database Buffers 96468992 bytes
Redo Buffers 2945024 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel ;
ORA-00279: change 547460 generated at 08/27/2007 14:03:23 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : D:ORACLEPRODUCT10.2.0ORADATAALEXARCHIVEARC00003_0631720033.001
ORA-00280: change 547460 for thread 1 is in sequence #3

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel
Media recovery cancelled.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
alex OPEN

8. 做一次全备

9. 小结：控制文件必须分开备份，RMAN备份的日志也很重要

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