springboot整合Spring Data Jpa

1.导包

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connectojava</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope><!--8.0.16-->
</dependency>
<!--lombok-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <version>1.18.8</version>
</dependency>

2.配置文件

server.port=8006

#数据库配置相关
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis-plus?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=system
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

#jpa 配置相关
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none
spring.jpa.show-sql=true

3.编写实体类

@Data
@Entity
@Table(name = "student")
public class Student implements Serializable {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy= GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private long id;

    @Column(name = "student_id")
    private long studentId;

    private String name;

    private int age;

    private String address;

    private String email;

    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    private Date createTime;


}

4.编写dao接口继承JpaRepository<entity.class, ID>(不用注解，继承这个类会自动注入)

public interface StudentDao extends JpaRepository<Student, Long> {


}

5.注入StudentDao调用基本方法

studentDao.save(student);
studentDao.findAll();

6.在StudentDao中自定义方法

public interface StudentDao extends JpaRepository<Student, Long> {
    public List<Student> findByName(String name);
}

7.在service中引入EntityManager自定义查询

@PersistenceContext
private EntityManager em;

public Student findByAge(int age) {
    String hql = "from Student where age = :age";
    TypedQuery<Student> query = em.createQuery(hql, Student.class);
    query.setParameter("age", age);
    Student student = query.getResultList().get(0);
    return student;
}

public Student findMinAge() {
    String sql = "select * from student where age = (select min(age) from student)";
    Query query = em.createNativeQuery(sql, Student.class);
    List<Student> list = query.getResultList();
    return list.get(0);
}

// 测试jpa对象封装，SimpleStudent类上要加@Entity,id上加@Id
public List<SimpleStudent> getSimple() {
    String sql= "select id, name, age from student";
    Query query = em.createNativeQuery(sql, SimpleStudent.class);
    List<SimpleStudent> list = query.getResultList();
    return list;
}

// 自定义普通类封装
public List<SimpleStudent2> getSimple2() {
    String sql= "select name, age from student";
    Query query = em.createNativeQuery(sql);
    query.unwrap(NativeQueryImpl.class).setResultTransformer(Transformers.aliasToBean(SimpleStudent2.class));
    List<SimpleStudent2> list = query.getResultList();
    return list;
}

EntityManager查询相关

查询单表返回单表对象

    Person person = em.find(Person.class, 2);

createQuery  ------------>针对HPQL query

    查询返回单表结果

    1.    TypedQuery<User> query = em.createQuery("from User", User.class);

        List<User> list = query.getResultList();

        return list;

    2.    Query query = em.createQuery("from User");

        List list = query.getResultList();

        System.out.println(list.size());

        List<User> uList = new ArrayList<User>();

        Iterator it = list.iterator();

        while(it.hasNext()) {

            uList.add((User)it.next());

        }

        return uList;

    3.    TypedQuery<User> query = em.createQuery("from User where id = :id", User.class);

        query.setParameter("id", "4028b881679195640167919567a00000");

        List<User> list = query.getResultList();

    返回多表查询返回实体类  ------------>构造方法查询

        String hql = "select new "+SimpleUser.class.getCanonicalName()+"(u.name, u.age, o.orderNum) "

                + "from User u, Order o where u.orderNum = o.orderNum and u.id = :id";

        TypedQuery<SimpleUser> query = em.createQuery(hql,SimpleUser.class);

        query.setParameter("id", uuid);

        List<SimpleUser> list = query.getResultList();

        return list.get(0);

    其中SimpleUser是普通实体类并未关联表且有默认构造方法，返回字段构造方法

    查询数量及设置数量

        1.    String hql = "select count(*) from User";

            TypedQuery<Number> query = em.createQuery(hql,Number.class);

            int num = ((Number)query.getSingleResult()).intValue();

            return num;

        2.    query.setFirstResult(0);

            query.setMaxResults(2);

            

createNativeQuery  --------------->针对SQL query

    1.将查询结果封装到对象中

        String sql = "select name,age from t_user where id = :id";

        Query query = em.createNativeQuery(sql);

        query.setParameter("id", uuid)

             .unwrap(NativeQueryImpl.class)

             .setResultTransformer(Transformers.aliasToBean(SimpleUser.class));

        List<SimpleUser> list = query.getResultList();

        return list.get(0);

    查询出来的结果按顺序封装，所以查询的结果需要与SimpleUser中的属性对应，并不会自动填充所以名字不需要对应

    2.将查询出来的结果封装到map中（hibernate5.2已作废SQLQuery改用NativeQueryImpl）

        String hql = "select * from t_user";

        Query query = em.createNativeQuery(hql);

        query.setFirstResult(0);

        query.setMaxResults(2);

        query.unwrap(NativeQueryImpl.class)

             .setResultTransformer(Transformers.ALIAS_TO_ENTITY_MAP);

        List<Map<String,Object>> list = query.getResultList();

        return list;

    3.返回List<Object[]>或Object[]

        String sql = "select * from t_user where id = :id";

        Query query = em.createNativeQuery(sql);

        query.setParameter("id", uuid);

        List<Object[]> list = query.getResultList();

        return list.get(0);

    4.查询结果封装到和表关联的entity中（实体类必须跟表对应）

        String sql = "select * from t_user where id=:id";

        Query query = em.createNativeQuery(sql,User.class);

        query.setParameter("id", uuid);

        List<User> list = query.getResultList();

        return list.get(0);

    5.查询数量

        String sql = "select count(*) from t_user";

        Query query = em.createNativeQuery(sql);

        return ((Number)query.getSingleResult()).intValue();

备注：更新是executeUpdate()方法，删除是remove()方法