ubuntu 搭建k8s集群中篇

概述

在本章中将会使用kubeadm 来搭建k8s集群。

一、安装kubeadm

1 关闭防火墙和关闭swap

• 关闭防火墙

  ufw disable
  

• 关闭swap

  swapoff -a
  
  # 注释 swap 开头的行 避免开机启动
  vi /etc/fstab
  

2 配置软件源

2.1 安装系统工具

	apt-get update && apt-get install -y apt-transport-https

2.2 安装 GPG 证书

curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | apt-key add -

2.3 写入软件源

注意：我们用系统代号为 bionic，但目前阿里云不支持，所以沿用 16.04 的 xenial

cat << EOF >/etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
	> deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main
	> EOF

3 安装 kubeadm，kubelet，kubectl

3.1 安装

	apt-get update  
	apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

3.2 安装过程如下，注意 kubeadm 的版本号

Reading package lists... Done
	Building dependency tree       
	Reading state information... Done
	The following additional packages will be installed:
	  conntrack cri-tools kubernetes-cni socat
	The following NEW packages will be installed:
	  conntrack cri-tools kubeadm kubectl kubelet kubernetes-cni socat
	0 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 0 to remove and 96 not upgraded.
	Need to get 50.6 MB of archives.
	After this operation, 290 MB of additional disk space will be used.
	Get:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 conntrack amd64 1:1.4.4+snapshot20161117-6ubuntu2 [30.6 kB]
	Get:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 socat amd64 1.7.3.2-2ubuntu2 [342 kB]
	Get:3 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial/main amd64 cri-tools amd64 1.12.0-00 [5,343 kB]
	Get:4 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial/main amd64 kubernetes-cni amd64 0.7.5-00 [6,473 kB]
	Get:5 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial/main amd64 kubelet amd64 1.14.1-00 [21.5 MB]
	Get:6 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial/main amd64 kubectl amd64 1.14.1-00 [8,806 kB]
	Get:7 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial/main amd64 kubeadm amd64 1.14.1-00 [8,150 kB]
	Fetched 50.6 MB in 5s (9,912 kB/s) 
	Selecting previously unselected package conntrack.
	(Reading database ... 67205 files and directories currently installed.)
	Preparing to unpack .../0-conntrack_1%3a1.4.4+snapshot20161117-6ubuntu2_amd64.deb ...
	Unpacking conntrack (1:1.4.4+snapshot20161117-6ubuntu2) ...
	Selecting previously unselected package cri-tools.
	Preparing to unpack .../1-cri-tools_1.12.0-00_amd64.deb ...
	Unpacking cri-tools (1.12.0-00) ...
	Selecting previously unselected package kubernetes-cni.
	Preparing to unpack .../2-kubernetes-cni_0.7.5-00_amd64.deb ...
	Unpacking kubernetes-cni (0.7.5-00) ...
	Selecting previously unselected package socat.
	Preparing to unpack .../3-socat_1.7.3.2-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb ...
	Unpacking socat (1.7.3.2-2ubuntu2) ...
	Selecting previously unselected package kubelet.
	Preparing to unpack .../4-kubelet_1.14.1-00_amd64.deb ...
	Unpacking kubelet (1.14.1-00) ...
	Selecting previously unselected package kubectl.
	Preparing to unpack .../5-kubectl_1.14.1-00_amd64.deb ...
	Unpacking kubectl (1.14.1-00) ...
	Selecting previously unselected package kubeadm.
	Preparing to unpack .../6-kubeadm_1.14.1-00_amd64.deb ...
	Unpacking kubeadm (1.14.1-00) ...
	Setting up conntrack (1:1.4.4+snapshot20161117-6ubuntu2) ...
	Setting up kubernetes-cni (0.7.5-00) ...
	Setting up cri-tools (1.12.0-00) ...
	Setting up socat (1.7.3.2-2ubuntu2) ...
	Setting up kubelet (1.14.1-00) ...
	Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service → /lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.
	Setting up kubectl (1.14.1-00) ...
	Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
	# 注意这里的版本号，我们使用的是 kubernetes v1.14.1
	Setting up kubeadm (1.14.1-00) ...

3.3 设置 kubelet 自启动，并启动 kubelet

	systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet

相关组件解释

• kubeadm：用于初始化 Kubernetes 集群
• kubectl：Kubernetes 的命令行工具，主要作用是部署和管理应用，查看各种资源，创建，删除和更新组件
• kubelet：主要负责启动 Pod 和容器

二、配置 kubeadm 并初始化主节点

1 配置kubeamd

1.1 修改主节点 配置信息

导出配置文件

kubeadm config print init-defaults --kubeconfig ClusterConfiguration > kubeadm.yml

1.2 修改配置为如下内容

需要修改的内容如下

apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta1
bootstrapTokens:
- groups:
  - system<