python笔记20181203

模块的使用

1. 模块是python组织代码的基本方式
2. 一个python代码可以单独运行，也可以导入到另一个脚本运行
3. 当脚本被导入运行时，我们称其为模块
4. 所有的.py文件都可以做为一个模块导入
5. 模块名于脚本的文件名相同

包

python模块可以按目录组织为包

In [5]: with open ('/etc/hosts') as fd:
   ...:     s=fd.read()
   ...:     

In [6]: s
Out[6]: '127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4\n::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6\n'

In [7]: s.split('\n')
Out[7]: 
['127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4',
 '::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6',
 '']

In [8]: s
Out[8]: '127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomai

In [9]: s.count()
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-9-c5dee4b86e75> in <module>()
----> 1 s.count()

TypeError: count() takes at least 1 argument (0 given)

In [10]: s.count('\n')
Out[10]: 2

#!/usr/bin/python

def wordCount(s):
    chars=len(s)
    words=len(s.split())
    lines=s.count('\n')
    print lines,words,chars
s=open('/etc/passwd').read()
wordCount(s)

[root@iZ2ze7qh6q0di3qkvef1dzZ ~]# cat wc.py

#!/usr/bin/python

def wordCount(s):
    chars=len(s)
    words=len(s.split())
    lines=s.count('\n')
    print lines,words,chars
if  __name__ == '__main__':
    s=open('/etc/passwd').read()
    wordCount(s)

#!/usr/bin/python

import wc

s="""hello world
python"""

wc.wordCount(s)