spring security简单入门

如何创建一个spring security项目

• 写个demo很简单，创建springboot项目，添加web和security依赖

• 自己随便写个接口
  public class HelloController { @GetMapping("/hello") public String helloController(){ return "hello security"; }

• 启动项目 localhost:8080/hello 自动重定向到login并显示登陆界面

• 用户名user，密码springboot自动生成，控制台复制即可

如何在配置用户名密码

• 在配置文件(application properties)中配置

spring.security.user.name=ajian
spring.security.user.password=123456
spring.security.user.roles=admin

• 在代码中配置

package com.example.security.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

	@Bean
    PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
        return NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance(); //单例模式对象不能new出来，只能通过getInstance方法
    }
  
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
                .withUser("ajian").password("123").roles("admin")
                .and()
                .withUser("laji").password("happy520").roles("user");
    }
}

自定义安全配置，使得只有认证过的用户才可以访问到页面

package com.example.security.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.NoOpPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Bean
    PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
        return NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance(); //单例模式对象不能new出来，只能通过getInstance方法
    } //密码需要加密，后面解决。
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
                .withUser("ajian").password("123").roles("admin")
                .and()
                .withUser("laji").password("happy520").roles("user");
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()开启登录配置
            .antMatchers("/admin/**").hasRole("admin")//表示访问 /hello 这个接口，需要具备 admin 这个角色
                .antMatchers("/user/**").hasAnyRole("admin","user")
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
                .formLogin()
                .loginProcessingUrl("/doLogin")//登录处理接口
                .permitAll()
                .and()
                .csrf().disable();
    }
}

controller里面也写相应的方法 postman进行测试

表单登陆详细配置

具体参数如下https://blog.csdn.net/yin380697242/article/details/51893397

package com.example.security.config;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.*;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.NoOpPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationFailureHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Bean
    PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
        return NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance(); //单例模式对象不能new出来，只能通过getInstance方法
    }
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
                .withUser("ajian").password("123").roles("admin")
                .and()
                .withUser("laji").password("happy520").roles("user");
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()开启登录配置
            .antMatchers("/admin/**").hasRole("admin")//表示访问 /hello 这个接口，需要具备 admin 这个角色
                .antMatchers("/user/**").hasAnyRole("admin","user")
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
                .formLogin()
                .loginProcessingUrl("/doLogin")//登录处理接口
                .loginPage("/login")
                .usernameParameter("username")
                .passwordParameter("password")
                .successHandler(new AuthenticationSuccessHandler() {
                    @Override
                    public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
                        resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
                        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
                        Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<>();
                        map.put("status",200);
                        map.put("msg",authentication.getPrincipal());
                        out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(map)); //把一个对象转成json字符串
                        out.flush();
                        out.close();
                    }
                })
                .failureHandler(new AuthenticationFailureHandler() {
                    @Override
                    public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
                        resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
                        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
                        Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<>();
                        map.put("status",401);
                        if( e instanceof LockedException){
                            map.put("msg","账户被锁定了");
                        }else if(e instanceof BadCredentialsException){
                            map.put("msg","用户名或密码输入错误，登陆失败");
                        }else if(e instanceof DisabledException){
                            map.put("msg","账户被禁用，登陆失败");
                        }else if(e instanceof AccountExpiredException){
                            map.put("msg","账户过期，登陆失败");
                        }else if(e instanceof CredentialsExpiredException){
                            map.put("msg","密码过期，登陆失败");
                        }
                        out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(map)); //把一个对象转成json字符串
                        out.flush();
                        out.close();
                    }
                })
                .permitAll()
                .and()
                .csrf().disable();
    }
}

注销登录配置

				.and()
                .logout()
                .logoutUrl("/logout")
                .logoutSuccessHandler(new LogoutSuccessHandler() {
                    @Override
                    public void onLogoutSuccess(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
                        resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
                        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
                        Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<>();
                        map.put("status",200);
                        map.put("msg","注销登陆成功");
                        out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(map)); //把一个对象转成json字符串
                        out.flush();
                        out.close();
                    }
                })

解决密码加密问题

先用BCryptPasswordEncoder生成，真实的开发情况肯定是用户通过这个util加密后存入数据库的，这里只模拟这种情况

	@Test
	void contextLoads() {
		for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
			BCryptPasswordEncoder bcencoder = new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
			System.out.println(bcencoder.encode("123"));

		}
	}

把打印出来的密码换掉原来的明文密码在securityConfig里面

   @Bean
    PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
                .withUser("ajian").password("$2a$10$Kl3o4ubuwdyC8VAMI4CE1.SZSBgEcGm1ap8h6ZGUhywrIi6ZCKec2").roles("admin")
                .and()
                .withUser("laji").password("$2a$10$.7e3IGQqXP1vU69lY1/DWeOVRm/aFa/DYMToTZcwZtpX3eFTbFTSS").roles("user");
    }

方法安全（某些角色才能调用某些方法）

securityconfig上

//配置类上加注解
@Configuration
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true,securedEnabled = true)
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {.......}

加入service methodSerice类

package com.example.security.serivce;

import org.springframework.security.access.annotation.Secured;
import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class MethodService {
    @PreAuthorize("hasRole('admin')")
    public String admin(){
        return "hello admin";
    }

    @Secured("ROLE_user")
    public String user(){
        return "hello user";
    }
    @PreAuthorize("hasAnyRole('admin','user')")
    public String hello(){
        return "hello hello";
    }

}

加一下controller里面的接口

  @GetMapping("/admin")
    public String admin(){
       return methodService.admin();
    }


    @GetMapping("/user")
    public String user(){
        return methodService.user();
    }

    @GetMapping("/hello1")
    public String hello(){
        return methodService.hello();
    }

测试一下
简单入门案例github地址 链接