12c RAC下搭建物理备用

基本可以参考11g下的方法：http://blog.itpub.net/22621861/viewspace-1374443/

稍有区别的地方有：
1）静态监听配置

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1. SID_LIST_LISTENER =
   
2.   (SID_LIST =
   
3.     (SID_DESC =
   
4.       (SID_NAME = jiangsu)
   
5.       (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1)
   
6.       (GLOBAL_DBNAME = jiangsu)
   
7.     )
   
8.   )

2）Primary若是RAC，密码文件会在ASM里

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1. $ srvctl config database -db racdb
   
2. Database unique name: racdb
   
3. Database name: racdb
   
4. Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1
   
5. Oracle user: oracle
   
6. Spfile: +DATA/RACDB/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.272.912277345
   
7. Password file: +DATA/RACDB/PASSWORD/pwdracdb.257.912274501

需先用asmcmd将其复制到文件系统，再传给Standby。

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1. ASMCMD> cp pwdracdb.257.912274501 /tmp
   
2. copying +DATA/RACDB/PASSWORD/pwdracdb.257.912274501 -> /tmp/pwdracdb.257.912274501

3) 备用日志文件多线程

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1. SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 1 SIZE 500M;
   
2. SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 1 SIZE 500M;
   
3. SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 1 SIZE 500M;
   
4. SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 2 SIZE 500M;
   
5. SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 2 SIZE 500M;
   
6. SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 2 SIZE 500M;

如果redo log有2个thread和2个group，就按照上例创建2个thread和各3个备用日志组。

4）spfile的链接
使用duplicate时，默认寻找spfile的路径在+DATA/racdb/spfileracdb.ora，而这并不是spfile的实际路径，因此需要在asmcmd中进行链接

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1. ASMCMD> mkalias +DATA/RACDB/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.272.912277345 +DATA/racdb/spfileracdb.ora

5）去掉RAC相关参数

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1. set cluster_database='FALSE'
   
2.     set remote_listener=''

6）开启redo apply的命令从12c开始有变化

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1. SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT;
   
2. or
   
3. 
   
4. SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING ARCHIVED LOGFILE DISCONNECT;

前一句相当于之前的using current logfile

完整示例：

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1. connect target sys/oracle@racdb
   
2. connect auxiliary sys/oracle@stby
   
3. run {
   
4.    allocate channel prmy1 type disk;
   
5.    allocate channel prmy2 type disk;
   
6.    allocate channel prmy3 type disk;
   
7.    allocate channel prmy4 type disk;
   
8.    allocate channel prmy5 type disk;
   
9.    allocate auxiliary channel stby1 type disk;
   
10.    duplicate target database for standby from active database
    
11.      spfile
    
12.         parameter_value_convert 'racdb','stby'
    
13.         set 'db_unique_name'='stby'
    
14.         set control_files='/oradata/STBY/controlfile/control01.ctl','/fra/STBY/controlfile/control02.ctl'
    
15.         set db_create_file_dest='/oradata'
    
16.         set db_create_online_log_dest_1='/oradata'
    
17.         set db_create_online_log_dest_2='/fra'
    
18.     set db_recovery_file_dest='/fra'
    
19.         set DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE='45G'
    
20.     set cluster_database='FALSE'
    
21.     set remote_listener=''
    
22.     set DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='+DATA/RACDB/','/oradata/STBY/'
    
23.         set audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/stby/adump'
    
24.               set log_archive_max_processes='4'
    
25.               set fal_client='stby'
    
26.               set fal_server='racdb'
    
27.               set standby_file_management='AUTO'
    
28.               set log_archive_config='dg_config=(racdb,stby)'
    
29.               set log_archive_dest_2='service=racdb LGWR ASYNC
    
30.                   valid_for=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)
    
31.                   db_unique_name=racdb'
    
32. nofilenamecheck;
    
33.            sql channel prmy1 "alter system set
    
34.                        log_archive_config=''dg_config=(racdb,stby)''";
    
35.            sql channel prmy1 "alter system set
    
36.                        log_archive_dest_2=''service=stby LGWR ASYNC
    
37.                        valid_for=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)
    
38.                        db_unique_name=stby''";
    
39.            sql channel prmy1 "alter system set log_archive_max_processes=4";
    
40.            sql channel prmy1 "alter system set fal_client=racdb";
    
41.            sql channel prmy1 "alter system set fal_server=stby";
    
42.            sql channel prmy1 "alter system set standby_file_management=AUTO"; 
43.            sql channel prmy1 "alter system archive log current";
    
44.            allocate auxiliary channel stby type disk;
    
45.            sql channel stby "alter database recover managed standby database
    
46.                               disconnect";
    
47. }

然后，Primary端需要更改spfile参数并重启：

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1. alter system set DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/oradata/STBY/','+DATA/RACDB/' scope=spfile;

完成。
注意，另一个相似的参数log_file_name_convert不要配置，因为经测试新创建logfile时设置该参数并不能自动在Standby端同步建立log文件。所以Standby端需手动建立log文件。
MOS  ID 1367014.1曾建议在OMF下，不要设置 log_file_name_convert和db_file_name_convert参数。但PDB确实需要 db _file_name_convert参数，当Primary端新建PDB时将在Standby端依此转换路径。

另外，如果要以ADG方式运行，必须先启动到只读打开模式，再开启redo apply。不能反过来，否则会报错。

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