Spring 注解开发 超级详细 纯代码篇

Spring中使用的依赖

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.19</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.11.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.11.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.9</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjtools</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.9</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.4</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.24</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

使用注解开发的配置文件

创建ApplicationContext.xml配置文件

ApplicationContext.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

   <!-- 开启aop注解(会自动识别注解)-->
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>

<!--    开启注解扫描包   使用注解必须要使用注解扫描包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="dao,service"></context:component-scan>

    <!--织入增强-->
    <bean id="Aspect" class="MyAspect.MyAspect"></bean>

</beans>

注解开发常用的注解

1. @Component: 用于标记一个类为Spring的组件，表示这个类将被Spring自动扫描并注册为一个Bean。

2. @Autowired: 用于自动注入依赖，可以用在构造方法、属性、方法或者参数上。Spring会自动查找匹配的Bean并完成注入。

3. @Qualifier: 用于指定注入Bean时的限定符，配合@Autowired使用，指定具体的Bean实例

4. @Service:用于标注业务逻辑层

5. @Repository 用来标注访问层(dao的实现类)

使用注解实现增删改查

实体类

解释:@Data注解可以帮我们自动生成get set方法 和toString
1.创建pojo包 在pojo中创建一个学生类
===========================================================================================

package pojo;

import lombok.Data;

@Data
public class Student {
  private Integer stuId;
  private String stuName;
  private Integer age;
  private Integer gradeId;
}

dao包

接口中定义增删改查的方法
=========================================================================================
package dao;

import pojo.Student;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author andy
 * @version 1.0.0
 * @date 2023年08月16日 14:03:02
 * @packageName dao
 * @className StudentDao
 * @describe 使用注解注入开发
 */
public interface StudentDao {
    /**
     * 新增学生信息
     * @return
     */
    int AddStudent();

    /**
     * 删除学生信息
     * @return
     */
    int deleteStudent(Integer stuId);

    /**
     * 修改
     * @param student
     * @return
     */
    int updateStudent(Student student);


    /**
     * 查询学生信息
     * @return
     */
    List<Student>searchAll();
}

接口实现类

解释:(此处增删改查的代码替成了输出语句)
1.@Repository 用来标注访问层
=========================================================================================
@Repository
public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao{
    @Override
    public int AddStudent() {
        System.out.println("新增学生信息成功!");
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public int deleteStudent(Integer stuId) {
        System.out.println("删除学生信息成功!");
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public int updateStudent(Student student) {
        System.out.println("修改学生信息成功!");
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> searchAll() {
        System.out.println("查询学生信息成功!");
        return null;
    }
}

service(业务逻辑层)

业务逻辑层的接口
========================================================================================
public interface StudentService {
    /**
     * 新增学生信息
     * @return
     */
    int AddStudent();

    /**
     * 删除学生信息
     * @return
     */
    int deleteStudent(Integer stuId);

    /**
     * 修改
     * @param student
     * @return
     */
    int updateStudent(Student student);


    /**
     * 查询学生信息
     * @return
     */
    List<Student> searchAll();
}

业务逻辑层实现类

解释:
1.@Service("StudentService")  表示这个类是一个业务逻辑层 
此注解相当于在ApplicationContext.xml配置文件中创建了<bean id="StudentService" class="dao.StudentDaoImpl"></bean>

2.  @Autowired  可以对成员变量、方法和构造函数进行标注，来完成自动装配的工作
=========================================================================================
@Service("StudentService")
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService{

    @Autowired
    private StudentDao studentDao;

    @Override
    public int AddStudent() {
        return studentDao.AddStudent();
    }

    @Override
    public int deleteStudent(Integer stuId) {
        return studentDao.deleteStudent(stuId);
    }

    @Override
    public int updateStudent(Student student) {
        return studentDao.updateStudent(student);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> searchAll() {
        return studentDao.searchAll();
    }
}

测试类

 @Test此处使用了junit的单元测试
=========================================================================================
public class TestStudent {
    /**
     * 新增测试
     */
    @Test
    public void AddStudent(){
        ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("ApplicationContext.xml");
        StudentService service=(StudentService)context.getBean("StudentService");
        service.AddStudent();
    }

    /**
     * 删除测试
     */
    @Test
    public void DeleteStudent(){
        ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("ApplicationContext.xml");
        StudentService service=(StudentService)context.getBean("StudentService");
        service.deleteStudent(1);
    }

    /**
     * 查询测试
     */
    @Test
    public void SelectStudent(){
        ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("ApplicationContext.xml");
        StudentService service=(StudentService)context.getBean("StudentService");
        service.searchAll();
    }

    /**
     * 修改测试
     */
    @Test
    public void UpdateStudent(){
        ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("ApplicationContext.xml");
        StudentService service=(StudentService)context.getBean("StudentService");
        service.searchAll();
    }
}