Quorum FailGroup

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最新推荐文章于 2021-08-06 00:13:42 发布
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文章标签： 数据库 网络
参考：
How to Manually Add NFS voting disk to an Extended Cluster using ASM in 11.2 (Doc ID 1421588.1)
Mount Options for Oracle files when used with NFS on NAS devices (Doc ID 359515.1)
RAC: Frequently Asked Questions [ID 220970.1]

***********************************************************
什么是Quorum FailGroup
***********************************************************
Quorum FailGroup中，只保存Voting Disk，用于RAC on Extended Distance Clusters，做仲裁盘用
要放在其他存储节点上或者通过NFS共享一个zero-padded文件作为voting disk
对于使用2个阵列提供保护的环境中，也可以使用Quorum FG
假设使用high冗余，一共5个投票盘。那么5个投票盘在2个阵列上的数目肯定不同
假设一个阵列上有3个，另一个阵列上有2个，如果存在3个投票盘的阵列宕机，那么将只有2个投票盘可用
这种情况下，集群的所有节点将宕机
这种情况下，必须在第三个地点放置一个投票盘，在2个阵列上各有2个投票盘。这样任意一个阵列宕机，还可以保证有3个投票盘是可用的

***********************************************************
如何添加Quorum FailGroup
***********************************************************

一般有3个阵列的情况不多，下面测试通过NFS来配置

1.当前情况：
HIGH冗余，5个投票盘
[oracle@database2 ~]$ crsctl query css votedisk
##  STATE    File Universal Id                File Name Disk group
--  -----    -----------------                --------- ---------
 1. ONLINE   7fc99b8d4dc54f27bf967f23524a19e3 (/dev/asm-crs1) [CRSDG]
 2. ONLINE   2ffd39d609bc4f71bf2b19de2e71c7a8 (/dev/asm-crs2) [CRSDG]
 3. ONLINE   002eb188e9b14ffbbf4d5a607ade51c2 (/dev/asm-crs3) [CRSDG]
 4. ONLINE   2319348cf3cc4f6abf116f973d8fd922 (/dev/asm-crs4) [CRSDG]
 5. ONLINE   6c3cb875ba7e4fe2bffe97189e2bae25 (/dev/asm-crs5) [CRSDG]
Located 5 voting disk(s).

SQL>  select GROUP_NUMBER,DISK_NUMBER,OS_MB,NAME,PATH,FAILGROUP,state from v$asm_disk order by 1,2;

GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER      OS_MB NAME                           PATH            FAILGROUP                      STATE
------------ ----------- ---------- ------------------------------ --------------- ------------------------------ --------
           1           0       2048 CRSDG_0000                     /dev/asm-crs01  CRSDG_0000                     NORMAL
           1           1       2048 CRSDG_0001                     /dev/asm-crs02  CRSDG_0001                     NORMAL
           1           2       2048 CRSDG_0002                     /dev/asm-crs03  CRSDG_0002                     NORMAL
           1           3       2048 CRSDG_0003                     /dev/asm-crs04  CRSDG_0003                     NORMAL
           1           4       2048 CRSDG_0004                     /dev/asm-crs05  CRSDG_0004                     NORMAL
           2           0      20480 DATADG_0000                    /dev/asm-data1  DATADG_0000                    NORMAL
           2           1      20480 DATADG_0001                    /dev/asm-data2  DATADG_0001                    NORMAL

2.配置NFS
2.1 NFS服务器端
[root@dm01db01 /]# cat /etc/exports
/oracle/votedisk 192.168.123.31(rw,sync,no_root_squash)
/oracle/votedisk 192.168.123.32(rw,sync,no_root_squash)
[root@dm01db01 /]#  /etc/rc.d/init.d/portmap start
Starting portmap:                                          [  OK  ]
[root@dm01db01 /]#  /etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs start
Starting NFS services:                                     [  OK  ]
Starting NFS quotas:                                       [  OK  ]
Starting NFS daemon:                                       [  OK  ]
Starting NFS mountd:                                       [  OK  ]
Stopping RPC idmapd:                                       [  OK  ]
Starting RPC idmapd:                                       [  OK  ]

2.2 数据库服务器端MOUNT文件系统
# mount -t nfs -o rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,tcp,noac,vers=3,timeo=600,actimeo=0 192.168.123.139:/oracle/votedisk /u01/app/oracle/votedisk
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/u01/app/oracle/votedisk/votedisk01 bs=1M count=2048
# chown -R grid.oinstall /u01/app/oracle/votedisk

2.3 添加 quorum fg disk
SQL> alter system set asm_diskstring="/dev/asm*","/u01/app/oracle/votedisk/vote*" sid='*' scope=both;
SQL> alter diskgroup CRSDG add quorum failgroup FGQ DISK '/u01/app/oracle/votedisk/votedisk01';

SQL> select GROUP_NUMBER,DISK_NUMBER,OS_MB,NAME,PATH,FAILGROUP,state from v$asm_disk order by 1,2;

GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER      OS_MB NAME                           PATH            FAILGROUP                      STATE
------------ ----------- ---------- ------------------------------ --------------- ------------------------------ --------
           1           0       2048 CRSDG_0000                     /dev/asm-crs01  CRSDG_0000                     NORMAL
           1           1       2048 CRSDG_0001                     /dev/asm-crs02  CRSDG_0001                     NORMAL
           1           2       2048 CRSDG_0002                     /dev/asm-crs03  CRSDG_0002                     NORMAL
           1           3       2048 CRSDG_0003                     /dev/asm-crs04  CRSDG_0003                     NORMAL
           1           4       2048 CRSDG_0004                     /dev/asm-crs05  CRSDG_0004                     NORMAL
           1           5       2048 CRSDG_0005                     /u01/app/oracle FGQ                            NORMAL      <==
                                                                   /votedisk/voted
                                                                   isk01

           2           0      20480 DATADG_0000                    /dev/asm-data1  DATADG_0000                    NORMAL
           2           1      20480 DATADG_0001                    /dev/asm-data2  DATADG_0001                    NORMAL
 
2.4 删除多余的磁盘    
在quorum fg添加后，可以看到还没有votedisk切换到其上
这时，我们将删除有3个投票盘阵列上的一个投票盘

[grid@database1 votedisk]$ crsctl query css votedisk
##  STATE    File Universal Id                File Name Disk group
--  -----    -----------------                --------- ---------
 1. ONLINE   46bf9f1d43574f5bbfefe1377db152c4 (/dev/asm-crs01) [CRSDG]
 2. ONLINE   10892f57e2e84ffabfa4a5e6fa86aee5 (/dev/asm-crs02) [CRSDG]
 3. ONLINE   0a66ffb250394f13bfcfdb1946056058 (/dev/asm-crs03) [CRSDG]
 4. ONLINE   83fa917a0e844f23bf27238aff51b57a (/dev/asm-crs05) [CRSDG]
 5. ONLINE   18e561a6a5ff4fc0bf996f740aff70da (/dev/asm-crs04) [CRSDG]

SQL> alter diskgroup crsdg drop disk CRSDG_0004;                                                 <==

[grid@database1 votedisk]$ crsctl query css votedisk
##  STATE    File Universal Id                File Name Disk group
--  -----    -----------------                --------- ---------
 1. ONLINE   46bf9f1d43574f5bbfefe1377db152c4 (/dev/asm-crs01) [CRSDG]
 2. ONLINE   10892f57e2e84ffabfa4a5e6fa86aee5 (/dev/asm-crs02) [CRSDG]
 3. ONLINE   0a66ffb250394f13bfcfdb1946056058 (/dev/asm-crs03) [CRSDG]
 4. ONLINE   18e561a6a5ff4fc0bf996f740aff70da (/dev/asm-crs04) [CRSDG]
 5. ONLINE   6fc616a6923a4fb2bffca18e44a58533 (/u01/app/oracle/votedisk/votedisk01) [CRSDG]      <==

***********************************************************
相关配置
***********************************************************
对于数据库DiskGroup，创建时应该为不同阵列的盘，指定好FAILGROUP，以确保2份数据（NORMAL冗余）放在不同的阵列中
修改参数asm_preferred_read_failure_groups，不同的节点，从不同的FG组中读取数据
 
***********************************************************
测试
***********************************************************
1.NFS服务器宕机

2014-02-13 16:56:38.476:
[cssd(3577)]CRS-1615:No I/O has completed after 50% of the maximum interval. Voting file /u01/app/oracle/votedisk/votedisk01 will be considered not functional in 99910 milliseconds
2014-02-13 16:57:28.541:
[cssd(3577)]CRS-1614:No I/O has completed after 75% of the maximum interval. Voting file /u01/app/oracle/votedisk/votedisk01 will be considered not functional in 49850 milliseconds
2014-02-13 16:57:58.565:
[cssd(3577)]CRS-1613:No I/O has completed after 90% of the maximum interval. Voting file /u01/app/oracle/votedisk/votedisk01 will be considered not functional in 19830 milliseconds
2014-02-13 16:58:18.573:
[cssd(3577)]CRS-1604:CSSD voting file is offline: /u01/app/oracle/votedisk/votedisk01; details at (:CSSNM00058:) in /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/log/database1/cssd/ocssd.log.

[root@database1 ~]# crsctl query css votedisk
##  STATE    File Universal Id                File Name Disk group
--  -----    -----------------                --------- ---------
 1. ONLINE   46bf9f1d43574f5bbfefe1377db152c4 (/dev/asm-crs01) [CRSDG]
 2. ONLINE   10892f57e2e84ffabfa4a5e6fa86aee5 (/dev/asm-crs02) [CRSDG]
 3. ONLINE   0a66ffb250394f13bfcfdb1946056058 (/dev/asm-crs03) [CRSDG]
 4. ONLINE   18e561a6a5ff4fc0bf996f740aff70da (/dev/asm-crs04) [CRSDG]
Located 4 voting disk(s).

集群件运行正常此时

恢复
[root@database1 ~]# umount -f /u01/app/oracle/votedisk
[root@database1 ~]# mount -t nfs -o rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,tcp,noac,vers=3,timeo=600,actimeo=0 192.168.123.139:/oracle/votedisk /u01/app/oracle/votedisk

GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER      OS_MB NAME                           PATH                           FAILGROUP                      STATE
------------ ----------- ---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ --------
           0           5       2048                                /u01/app/oracle/votedisk/voted                                NORMAL  <== 文件此时并不属于CRSDG
                                                                   isk01
           0           9       2048                                /dev/asm-crs05                                                NORMAL
           1           0       2048 CRSDG_0000                     /dev/asm-crs01                 CRSDG_0000                     NORMAL
           1           1       2048 CRSDG_0001                     /dev/asm-crs02                 CRSDG_0001                     NORMAL
           1           2       2048 CRSDG_0002                     /dev/asm-crs03                 CRSDG_0002                     NORMAL
           1           3       2048 CRSDG_0003                     /dev/asm-crs04                 CRSDG_0003                     NORMAL
           1           4          0 CRSDG_0004                                                    FGQ                            NORMAL  <==
           2           0      20480 DATADG_0000                    /dev/asm-data1                 DATADG_0000                    NORMAL
           2           1      20480 DATADG_0001                    /dev/asm-data2                 DATADG_0001                    NORMAL


[root@database1 votedisk]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/u01/app/oracle/votedisk/votedisk01 bs=1M count=2048      <== 重新格式化Voting disk

SQL> alter diskgroup CRSDG add quorum failgroup FGQ DISK '/u01/app/oracle/votedisk/votedisk01';         <== 重新添加

GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER      OS_MB NAME                           PATH            FAILGROUP                      STATE
------------ ----------- ---------- ------------------------------ --------------- ------------------------------ --------
           0           4       2048                                /dev/asm-crs05                                 NORMAL
           1           0       2048 CRSDG_0000                     /dev/asm-crs01  CRSDG_0000                     NORMAL
           1           1       2048 CRSDG_0001                     /dev/asm-crs02  CRSDG_0001                     NORMAL
           1           2       2048 CRSDG_0002                     /dev/asm-crs03  CRSDG_0002                     NORMAL
           1           3       2048 CRSDG_0003                     /dev/asm-crs04  CRSDG_0003                     NORMAL
           1           4       2048 CRSDG_0004                     /u01/app/oracle FGQ                            NORMAL        <==
                                                                   /votedisk/voted
                                                                   isk01

           1           5          0 CRSDG_0005                                     FGQ                            NORMAL        <==
           2           0      20480 DATADG_0000                    /dev/asm-data1  DATADG_0000                    NORMAL
           2           1      20480 DATADG_0001                    /dev/asm-data2  DATADG_0001                    NORMAL

SQL> alter diskgroup crsdg drop quorum disk CRSDG_0005 force;                                           <== 将旧的删除

GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER      OS_MB NAME                           PATH            FAILGROUP                      STATE
------------ ----------- ---------- ------------------------------ --------------- ------------------------------ --------
           0           4       2048                                /dev/asm-crs05                                 NORMAL        <==
           1           0       2048 CRSDG_0000                     /dev/asm-crs01  CRSDG_0000                     NORMAL
           1           1       2048 CRSDG_0001                     /dev/asm-crs02  CRSDG_0001                     NORMAL
           1           2       2048 CRSDG_0002                     /dev/asm-crs03  CRSDG_0002                     NORMAL
           1           3       2048 CRSDG_0003                     /dev/asm-crs04  CRSDG_0003                     NORMAL
           1           4       2048 CRSDG_0004                     /u01/app/oracle FGQ                            NORMAL        <==
                                                                   /votedisk/voted
                                                                   isk01

           2           0      20480 DATADG_0000                    /dev/asm-data1  DATADG_0000                    NORMAL
           2           1      20480 DATADG_0001                    /dev/asm-data2  DATADG_0001                    NORMAL

2.先于NFS服务器启动GRID
[root@database1 ~]# crsctl query css votedisk
##  STATE    File Universal Id                File Name Disk group
--  -----    -----------------                --------- ---------
 1. ONLINE   46bf9f1d43574f5bbfefe1377db152c4 (/dev/asm-crs01) [CRSDG]
 2. ONLINE   10892f57e2e84ffabfa4a5e6fa86aee5 (/dev/asm-crs02) [CRSDG]
 3. ONLINE   0a66ffb250394f13bfcfdb1946056058 (/dev/asm-crs03) [CRSDG]
 4. ONLINE   18e561a6a5ff4fc0bf996f740aff70da (/dev/asm-crs04) [CRSDG]
 5. OFFLINE  ad0268dcec654f14bfe60497d9490780 () []
Located 5 voting disk(s).

[root@database1 ~]# crsctl stat res -t                                             <== 无法启动
CRS-4535: Cannot communicate with Cluster Ready Services
CRS-4000: Command Status failed, or completed with errors.

[root@database2 ~]# crsctl stat res -t -init
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.asm
      1        ONLINE  INTERMEDIATE database2                OCR not started       <== ASM启动，但是CRSDG无法MOUNT
ora.cluster_interconnect.haip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                                    
ora.crf
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                                    
ora.crsd
      1        ONLINE  OFFLINE                                                   
ora.cssd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                                    
ora.cssdmonitor
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                                    
ora.ctssd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                ACTIVE:0            
ora.diskmon
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                                                   
ora.drivers.acfs
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                                    
ora.evmd
      1        ONLINE  INTERMEDIATE database2                                    
ora.gipcd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                                    
ora.gpnpd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                                    
ora.mdnsd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       database2    
      
SQL> alter diskgroup crsdg mount;
alter diskgroup crsdg mount
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
ORA-15042: ASM disk "4" is missing from group number "1"

SQL> alter diskgroup crsdg mount force;                     <== 强制MOUNT

Diskgroup altered.

[root@database1 ~]# crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.CRSDG.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database1                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                                    
ora.DATADG.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database1                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                                    
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database1                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                                    
ora.LISTENER_1522.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database1                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                                    
ora.LISTENER_1523.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database1                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                                    
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database1                Started             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                Started             
ora.gsd
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      database1                                    
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      database2                                    
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database1                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                                    
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database1                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                                    
ora.registry.acfs
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database1                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                                    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       database1                                    
ora.cvu
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                                                   
ora.database1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       database1                                    
ora.database2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                                    
ora.oc4j
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       database1                                    
ora.orcl.billa3.svc
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       database1                                    
ora.orcl.db
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       database1                Open                
      2        ONLINE  ONLINE       database2                Open                
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       database1   
      
[root@database1 ~]# crsctl query css votedisk
##  STATE    File Universal Id                File Name Disk group
--  -----    -----------------                --------- ---------
 1. ONLINE   46bf9f1d43574f5bbfefe1377db152c4 (/dev/asm-crs01) [CRSDG]
 2. ONLINE   10892f57e2e84ffabfa4a5e6fa86aee5 (/dev/asm-crs02) [CRSDG]
 3. ONLINE   0a66ffb250394f13bfcfdb1946056058 (/dev/asm-crs03) [CRSDG]
 4. ONLINE   18e561a6a5ff4fc0bf996f740aff70da (/dev/asm-crs04) [CRSDG]
Located 4 voting disk(s).      

恢复和测试1相同

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oracle rac 双存储冗余6,Oracle 11G rac VOTE盘冗余问题
weixin_29192365的博客
04-04 367
2个 FAILGROUP中的disk是否属于不同的2个存储？在11.2 中你可以考虑使用 Quorum failure groupODM DATA:OCR and voting files stored in ASM disk groups - ASM determines redundancy for OCR and voting files based on disk group redun...
oracle asm 磁盘是什么意思,Oracle ASM磁盘组扩容时备选磁盘后面有个Quorum选项是什么意思，选不选？...
weixin_28713083的博客
04-02 445
Voting files manage information about node membership. OCR is a system that manages cluster and Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC) database configuration information. A quorum failure group...
oracle 11g RAC 双机双柜使用NFS解决仲裁磁盘
sqlora的专栏
08-04 705
概述：日常实践安装rac中当碰到双机双柜没有购买其他第三方存储软件时，需要使用oracle自动的asm存储管理方式时如何做到冗余度？我们可以使用ASM的normal or high 冗余度模式，大家都知道normal的数据冗余度是双份的，但是针对仲裁磁盘VTnormal的冗余模式时，磁盘的投票方式是大于一半磁盘再加一，也就是说双柜的时候需要来自三个不同的地方的磁盘，这里考虑使用NFS来做实验。 实验： 现有环境： crs VT 磁盘组来自三个不同的目录磁盘： [grid@rac1 ~]$ crsc
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weixin_36240214的博客
04-03 308
原标题：关于 Oracle 存储双活配置和实战作者简介 任小闯云和恩墨交付技术顾问，6年以上数据库开发维护工作经历，Oracle 10g OCM，Oracle 11g OCP，曾就职于某互联网行业任数据库的设计和开发优化，现任某省移动运营商负责数据库的维护和交付工作。 擅长数据库的日常维护，设计开发，故障诊断，数据迁移，性能调优等工作。本文由恩墨大讲堂149期线上分享整理而成。课程回看可点击文末“...
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Yamainu
04-24 1188
浅谈RAC – 节点排除的故障调查方法 我们在上面的博文中介绍了CSS组件。今天我们继续围绕CSS组件的节点排除问题来总结一下常用的故障调查方法。 我们都知道CSS组件维护集群关系的两个最重要的手段就是NHB和DHB。这也就意味着如果CSS组件的NHB和DHB的任何一个出现问题，都没有办法让集群确认到各个节点的关联信息，那么CSS组件会被Abort掉，节点会被排除出集群。 1.丢失NHB 各个节点的CSS组件之间丢失NHB又可分为私网通信故障和节点夯两个场景。 1.1 私网通信故障 我们以两个节点node1
华为服务器维护题库,Oracle
weixin_34473897的博客
08-06 194
结论、解决方案及效果解决方案使用nfs技术新挂载一个磁盘,然后将此盘加载成quorum failgroup组,这样就成3个failgroup。A special type of failure group has been introduced in ASM 11.2, and it’s called a quorum failure group. This type of failure gro...
Oracle ASM 的redundancy与failgroup
热门推荐
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06-18 1万+
1．关于redundancy 与fail group官方说明   http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e26088/statements_5008.htm#SQLRF53929 http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e18951/toc.htm   REDUNDANCYCla
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czmmiao的专栏
10-14 298
This chapter describes how to administer Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM) disk groups. This information includes how to create, alter, drop, mount, and dismount Oracle ASM disk groups...
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白昼的技术专栏
06-27 4670
环境：Oracle 11.2.4.0 RAC问题描述：CRS服务不正常，asm diskgroup挂载不了,截图如下：日志如下：--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Wed Jun 27 10:28:10 2018SQL&gt; alter ...
Quorum联盟链私密交易加密与确认流程
Quorum.pptx文件主要探讨了Quorum联盟链的运行流程，特别是涉及到了基于Raft协议的私有加密交易处理机制。Quorum是一个企业级的以太坊私有链解决方案，它在保证安全性的同时支持联盟成员之间的私密交易。在这个过程...
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