AES的PKCS7Padding 256加解密

基于微信退款操作的AES-256-ECB解密（PKCS7Padding）

1、解密方式

解密步骤如下： 

（1）对加密串A做base64解码，得到加密串B

（2）对商户key做md5，得到32位小写key* ( key设置路径：微信商户平台(pay.weixin.qq.com)-->账户设置-->API安全-->密钥设置 )

（3）用key*对加密串B做AES-256-ECB解密（PKCS7Padding）

2、

java中的AES 256算法遇到 Illegal key size or default parameters错的解决办法

解决方法：

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6481627/java-security-illegal-key-size-or-default-parameters

JDK8 jar包下载地址：

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jce8-download-2133166.html

JDK7 jar包下载地址：

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jce-7-download-432124.html 

JDK6 jar包下载地址：

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jce-6-download-429243.html

 

把里面的两个jar包：local_policy.jar 和 US_export_policy.jar 替换掉原来jdk安装目录$java_home$\jre\lib\security 下的两个jar包接可以了

本人使用jdk1.8 ，详细测试代码如下：

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.NoSuchProviderException;
import java.security.Security;
import java.util.Arrays;
 
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;  
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec; 
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;

import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;

 
public class AESUtils {
 
     
    //AES_256_cbc pkcs7 
    private static final String ALGORITHM = "AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding";
    private static final String CHAR_ENCODING="utf-8";
    //加密
    public static byte[] AES_cbc_encrypt(byte[] srcData,byte[] key,byte[] iv) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchProviderException, NoSuchPaddingException, InvalidKeyException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException, UnsupportedEncodingException
    {
        SecretKeySpec keySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key, "AES");
        Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM,"BC");
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, keySpec, new IvParameterSpec(iv));
        byte[] encData = cipher.doFinal(srcData);
        return encData;
    }
 
    //解密
    public static byte[] AES_cbc_decrypt(byte[] encData,byte[] key,byte[] iv) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchProviderException, NoSuchPaddingException, InvalidKeyException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException, UnsupportedEncodingException
    {
        SecretKeySpec keySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key, "AES");
        Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM,"BC");
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, keySpec, new IvParameterSpec(iv));
        byte[] decbbdt = cipher.doFinal(encData);
        return decbbdt;
    }
    public static String encryptWithKeyBase64(String data, String key){
		try {
			key = getMd5Key(key);
			byte[] originalData = (data.getBytes());
			byte[] keys = Base64.decode(key.getBytes());
			byte[] valueByte = AES_cbc_encrypt(originalData, keys, getIv(keys));
			return new String(Base64.encode(valueByte));
		} catch (Exception e) {
			throw new RuntimeException("encrypt fail!", e);
		}
	}
	private static byte[]  getIv(byte[] key){
		byte[] iv = new byte[16];
		for (int i = 0; i <16; i++) {
            iv[i] = key[i];
        }
		return iv;
	}
	private static String getMd5Key(String key){
		return WechatMD5Util.MD5Encode(key).toLowerCase();
	}
	public static String decryptWithKeyBase64(String data, String key){
		try {
			key = getMd5Key(key);
			byte[] originalData = Base64.decode(data.getBytes());
			byte[] keys = Base64.decode(key.getBytes());
			
			byte[] valueByte =AES_cbc_decrypt(originalData, keys, getIv(keys));
			return new String(valueByte, CHAR_ENCODING);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			throw new RuntimeException("decrypt fail!", e);
		}
	}
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InvalidKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchProviderException, NoSuchPaddingException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
        System.out.println(getMd5Key("11122asdf"));
    	// TODO Auto-generated method stub
         String key="2IBtBXdrqC3kCBs4gaceL7nl2nnFadQv";
        String result = "cts";
        String str = "test";
        result = encryptWithKeyBase64(str, key);
        System.out.println("==="+result);
        result = decryptWithKeyBase64(result, key);
        System.out.println(result);
 
    }
 
}

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

public class Base64  {
    /**
     * Chunk size per RFC 2045 section 6.8.
     *
     * <p>The {@value} character limit does not count the trailing CRLF, but counts
     * all other characters, including any equal signs.</p>
     *
     * @see <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2045.txt">RFC 2045 section 6.8</a>
     */
    static final int CHUNK_SIZE = 76;

    /**
     * Chunk separator per RFC 2045 section 2.1.
     *
     * @see <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2045.txt">RFC 2045 section 2.1</a>
     */
    static final byte[] CHUNK_SEPARATOR = "\r\n".getBytes();

    /**
     * The base length.
     */
    static final int BASELENGTH = 255;

    /**
     * Lookup length.
     */
    static final int LOOKUPLENGTH = 64;

    /**
     * Used to calculate the number of bits in a byte.
     */
    static final int EIGHTBIT = 8;

    /**
     * Used when encoding something which has fewer than 24 bits.
     */
    static final int SIXTEENBIT = 16;

    /**
     * Used to determine how many bits data contains.
     */
    static final int TWENTYFOURBITGROUP = 24;

    /**
     * Used to get the number of Quadruples.
     */
    static final int FOURBYTE = 4;

    /**
     * Used to test the sign of a byte.
     */
    static final int SIGN = -128;

    /**
     * Byte used to pad output.
     */
    static final byte PAD = (byte) '=';

    // Create arrays to hold the base64 characters and a
    // lookup for base64 chars
    private static byte[] base64Alphabet = new byte[BASELENGTH];
    private static byte[] lookUpBase64Alphabet = new byte[LOOKUPLENGTH];

    // Populating the lookup and character arrays
    static {
        for (int i = 0; i < BASELENGTH; i++) {
            base64Alphabet[i] = (byte) -1;
        }
        for (int i = 'Z'; i >= 'A'; i--) {
            base64Alphabet[i] = (byte) (i - 'A');
        }
        for (int i = 'z'; i >= 'a'; i--) {
            base64Alphabet[i] = (byte) (i - 'a' + 26);
        }
        for (int i = '9'; i >= '0'; i--) {
            base64Alphabet[i] = (byte) (i - '0' + 52);
        }

        base64Alphabet['+'] = 62;
        base64Alphabet['/'] = 63;

        for (int i = 0; i <= 25; i++) {
            lookUpBase64Alphabet[i] = (byte) ('A' + i);
        }

        for (int i = 26, j = 0; i <= 51; i++, j++) {
            lookUpBase64Alphabet[i] = (byte) ('a' + j);
        }

        for (int i = 52, j = 0; i <= 61; i++, j++) {
            lookUpBase64Alphabet[i] = (byte) ('0' + j);
        }

        lookUpBase64Alphabet[62] = (byte) '+';
        lookUpBase64Alphabet[63] = (byte) '/';
    }

    private static boolean isBase64(byte octect) {
        if (octect == PAD) {
            return true;
        } else if (base64Alphabet[octect] == -1) {
            return false;
        } else {
            return true;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Tests a given byte array to see if it contains
     * only valid characters within the Base64 alphabet.
     *
     * @param arrayOctect byte array to test
     * @return true if all bytes are valid characters in the Base64
     *         alphabet or if the byte array is empty; false, otherwise
     */
    public static boolean isArrayByteBase64(byte[] arrayOctect) {

        arrayOctect = discardWhitespace(arrayOctect);

        int length = arrayOctect.length;
        if (length == 0) {
            // shouldn't a 0 length array be valid base64 data?
            // return false;
            return true;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            if (!isBase64(arrayOctect[i])) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm but
     * does not chunk the output.
     *
     * @param binaryData binary data to encode
     * @return Base64 characters
     */
    public static byte[] encodeBase64(byte[] binaryData) {
        return encodeBase64(binaryData, false);
    }

    /**
     * Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm and chunks
     * the encoded output into 76 character blocks
     *
     * @param binaryData binary data to encode
     * @return Base64 characters chunked in 76 character blocks
     */
    public static byte[] encodeBase64Chunked(byte[] binaryData) {
        return encodeBase64(binaryData, true);
    }

    /**
     * Decodes a byte[] containing containing
     * characters in the Base64 alphabet.
     *
     * @param pArray A byte array containing Base64 character data
     * @return a byte array containing binary data
     */
    public static byte[] decode(byte[] pArray) {
        return decodeBase64(pArray);
    }

    /**
     * Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm, optionally
     * chunking the output into 76 character blocks.
     *
     * @param binaryData Array containing binary data to encode.
     * @param isChunked if isChunked is true this encoder will chunk
     *                  the base64 output into 76 character blocks
     * @return Base64-encoded data.
     */
    public static byte[] encodeBase64(byte[] binaryData, boolean isChunked) {
        int lengthDataBits = binaryData.length * EIGHTBIT;
        int fewerThan24bits = lengthDataBits % TWENTYFOURBITGROUP;
        int numberTriplets = lengthDataBits / TWENTYFOURBITGROUP;
        byte encodedData[] = null;
        int encodedDataLength = 0;
        int nbrChunks = 0;

        if (fewerThan24bits != 0) {
            //data not divisible by 24 bit
            encodedDataLength = (numberTriplets + 1) * 4;
        } else {
            // 16 or 8 bit
            encodedDataLength = numberTriplets * 4;
        }

        // If the output is to be "chunked" into 76 character sections,
        // for compliance with RFC 2045 MIME, then it is important to
        // allow for extra length to account for the separator(s)
        if (isChunked) {

            nbrChunks =
                (CHUNK_SEPARATOR.length == 0 ? 0 : (int) Math.ceil((float) encodedDataLength / CHUNK_SIZE));
            encodedDataLength += nbrChunks * CHUNK_SEPARATOR.length;
        }

        encodedData = new byte[encodedDataLength];

        byte k = 0, l = 0, b1 = 0, b2 = 0, b3 = 0;

        int encodedIndex = 0;
        int dataIndex = 0;
        int i = 0;
        int nextSeparatorIndex = CHUNK_SIZE;
        int chunksSoFar = 0;

        //log.debug("number of triplets = " + numberTriplets);
        for (i = 0; i < numberTriplets; i++) {
            dataIndex = i * 3;
            b1 = binaryData[dataIndex];
            b2 = binaryData[dataIndex + 1];
            b3 = binaryData[dataIndex + 2];

            //log.debug("b1= " + b1 +", b2= " + b2 + ", b3= " + b3);

            l = (byte) (b2 & 0x0f);
            k = (byte) (b1 & 0x03);

            byte val1 =
                ((b1 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b1 >> 2) : (byte) ((b1) >> 2 ^ 0xc0);
            byte val2 =
                ((b2 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b2 >> 4) : (byte) ((b2) >> 4 ^ 0xf0);
            byte val3 =
                ((b3 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b3 >> 6) : (byte) ((b3) >> 6 ^ 0xfc);

            encodedData[encodedIndex] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[val1];
            //log.debug( "val2 = " + val2 );
            //log.debug( "k4   = " + (k<<4) );
            //log.debug(  "vak  = " + (val2 | (k<<4)) );
            encodedData[encodedIndex + 1] =
                lookUpBase64Alphabet[val2 | (k << 4)];
            encodedData[encodedIndex + 2] =
                lookUpBase64Alphabet[(l << 2) | val3];
            encodedData[encodedIndex + 3] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[b3 & 0x3f];

            encodedIndex += 4;

            // If we are chunking, let's put a chunk separator down.
            if (isChunked) {
                // this assumes that CHUNK_SIZE % 4 == 0
                if (encodedIndex == nextSeparatorIndex) {
                    System.arraycopy(
                        CHUNK_SEPARATOR,
                        0,
                        encodedData,
                        encodedIndex,
                        CHUNK_SEPARATOR.length);
                    chunksSoFar++;
                    nextSeparatorIndex =
                        (CHUNK_SIZE * (chunksSoFar + 1)) +
                        (chunksSoFar * CHUNK_SEPARATOR.length);
                    encodedIndex += CHUNK_SEPARATOR.length;
                }
            }
        }

        // form integral number of 6-bit groups
        dataIndex = i * 3;

        if (fewerThan24bits == EIGHTBIT) {
            b1 = binaryData[dataIndex];
            k = (byte) (b1 & 0x03);
            //log.debug("b1=" + b1);
            //log.debug("b1<<2 = " + (b1>>2) );
            byte val1 =
                ((b1 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b1 >> 2) : (byte) ((b1) >> 2 ^ 0xc0);
            encodedData[encodedIndex] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[val1];
            encodedData[encodedIndex + 1] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[k << 4];
            encodedData[encodedIndex + 2] = PAD;
            encodedData[encodedIndex + 3] = PAD;
        } else if (fewerThan24bits == SIXTEENBIT) {

            b1 = binaryData[dataIndex];
            b2 = binaryData[dataIndex + 1];
            l = (byte) (b2 & 0x0f);
            k = (byte) (b1 & 0x03);

            byte val1 =
                ((b1 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b1 >> 2) : (byte) ((b1) >> 2 ^ 0xc0);
            byte val2 =
                ((b2 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b2 >> 4) : (byte) ((b2) >> 4 ^ 0xf0);

            encodedData[encodedIndex] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[val1];
            encodedData[encodedIndex + 1] =
                lookUpBase64Alphabet[val2 | (k << 4)];
            encodedData[encodedIndex + 2] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[l << 2];
            encodedData[encodedIndex + 3] = PAD;
        }

        if (isChunked) {
            // we also add a separator to the end of the final chunk.
            if (chunksSoFar < nbrChunks) {
                System.arraycopy(
                    CHUNK_SEPARATOR,
                    0,
                    encodedData,
                    encodedDataLength - CHUNK_SEPARATOR.length,
                    CHUNK_SEPARATOR.length);
            }
        }

        return encodedData;
    }

    /**
     * Decodes Base64 data into octects
     *
     * @param base64Data Byte array containing Base64 data
     * @return Array containing decoded data.
     */
    public static byte[] decodeBase64(byte[] base64Data) {
        // RFC 2045 requires that we discard ALL non-Base64 characters
        base64Data = discardNonBase64(base64Data);

        // handle the edge case, so we don't have to worry about it later
        if (base64Data.length == 0) {
            return new byte[0];
        }

        int numberQuadruple = base64Data.length / FOURBYTE;
        byte decodedData[] = null;
        byte b1 = 0, b2 = 0, b3 = 0, b4 = 0, marker0 = 0, marker1 = 0;

        // Throw away anything not in base64Data

        int encodedIndex = 0;
        int dataIndex = 0;
        {
            // this sizes the output array properly - rlw
            int lastData = base64Data.length;
            // ignore the '=' padding
            while (base64Data[lastData - 1] == PAD) {
                if (--lastData == 0) {
                    return new byte[0];
                }
            }
            decodedData = new byte[lastData - numberQuadruple];
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < numberQuadruple; i++) {
            dataIndex = i * 4;
            marker0 = base64Data[dataIndex + 2];
            marker1 = base64Data[dataIndex + 3];

            b1 = base64Alphabet[base64Data[dataIndex]];
            b2 = base64Alphabet[base64Data[dataIndex + 1]];

            if (marker0 != PAD && marker1 != PAD) {
                //No PAD e.g 3cQl
                b3 = base64Alphabet[marker0];
                b4 = base64Alphabet[marker1];

                decodedData[encodedIndex] = (byte) (b1 << 2 | b2 >> 4);
                decodedData[encodedIndex + 1] =
                    (byte) (((b2 & 0xf) << 4) | ((b3 >> 2) & 0xf));
                decodedData[encodedIndex + 2] = (byte) (b3 << 6 | b4);
            } else if (marker0 == PAD) {
                //Two PAD e.g. 3c[Pad][Pad]
                decodedData[encodedIndex] = (byte) (b1 << 2 | b2 >> 4);
            } else if (marker1 == PAD) {
                //One PAD e.g. 3cQ[Pad]
                b3 = base64Alphabet[marker0];

                decodedData[encodedIndex] = (byte) (b1 << 2 | b2 >> 4);
                decodedData[encodedIndex + 1] =
                    (byte) (((b2 & 0xf) << 4) | ((b3 >> 2) & 0xf));
            }
            encodedIndex += 3;
        }
        return decodedData;
    }

    /**
     * Discards any whitespace from a base-64 encoded block.
     *
     * @param data The base-64 encoded data to discard the whitespace
     * from.
     * @return The data, less whitespace (see RFC 2045).
     */
    static byte[] discardWhitespace(byte[] data) {
        byte groomedData[] = new byte[data.length];
        int bytesCopied = 0;

        for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
            switch (data[i]) {
            case (byte) ' ' :
            case (byte) '\n' :
            case (byte) '\r' :
            case (byte) '\t' :
                    break;
            default:
                    groomedData[bytesCopied++] = data[i];
            }
        }

        byte packedData[] = new byte[bytesCopied];

        System.arraycopy(groomedData, 0, packedData, 0, bytesCopied);

        return packedData;
    }

    /**
     * Discards any characters outside of the base64 alphabet, per
     * the requirements on page 25 of RFC 2045 - "Any characters
     * outside of the base64 alphabet are to be ignored in base64
     * encoded data."
     *
     * @param data The base-64 encoded data to groom
     * @return The data, less non-base64 characters (see RFC 2045).
     */
    static byte[] discardNonBase64(byte[] data) {
        byte groomedData[] = new byte[data.length];
        int bytesCopied = 0;

        for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
            if (isBase64(data[i])) {
                groomedData[bytesCopied++] = data[i];
            }
        }

        byte packedData[] = new byte[bytesCopied];

        System.arraycopy(groomedData, 0, packedData, 0, bytesCopied);

        return packedData;
    }

    /**
     * Encodes a byte[] containing binary data, into a byte[] containing
     * characters in the Base64 alphabet.
     *
     * @param pArray a byte array containing binary data
     * @return A byte array containing only Base64 character data
     */
    public static byte[] encode(byte[] pArray) {
        return encodeBase64(pArray, false);
    }


     public static String decode(String cryptoStr) throws
       UnsupportedEncodingException {
       if(cryptoStr.length()<40)
         return "";
       try
       {
         String tempStr = new String(decode(cryptoStr.getBytes("UTF-8")));
         String result = tempStr.substring(40, tempStr.length());
         return new String(decode(result.getBytes("UTF-8")));
       }
       catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex)
       {
         return "";
       }
     }
     
     /**
      * Decodes Base64 data into octects
      *
      * @param encoded string containing Base64 data
      * @return Array containind decoded data.
      */
     public static byte[] decode2(String encoded) {

         if (encoded == null) {
             return null;
         }

         char[] base64Data = encoded.toCharArray();
         // remove white spaces
         int len = removeWhiteSpace(base64Data);

         if (len % FOURBYTE != 0) {
             return null;//should be divisible by four
         }

         int numberQuadruple = (len / FOURBYTE);

         if (numberQuadruple == 0) {
             return new byte[0];
         }

         byte decodedData[] = null;
         byte b1 = 0, b2 = 0, b3 = 0, b4 = 0;
         char d1 = 0, d2 = 0, d3 = 0, d4 = 0;

         int i = 0;
         int encodedIndex = 0;
         int dataIndex = 0;
         decodedData = new byte[(numberQuadruple) * 3];

         for (; i < numberQuadruple - 1; i++) {

             if (!isData((d1 = base64Data[dataIndex++])) || !isData((d2 = base64Data[dataIndex++]))
                 || !isData((d3 = base64Data[dataIndex++]))
                 || !isData((d4 = base64Data[dataIndex++]))) {
                 return null;
             }//if found "no data" just return null

             b1 = base64Alphabet[d1];
             b2 = base64Alphabet[d2];
             b3 = base64Alphabet[d3];
             b4 = base64Alphabet[d4];

             decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (b1 << 2 | b2 >> 4);
             decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (((b2 & 0xf) << 4) | ((b3 >> 2) & 0xf));
             decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (b3 << 6 | b4);
         }

         if (!isData((d1 = base64Data[dataIndex++])) || !isData((d2 = base64Data[dataIndex++]))) {
             return null;//if found "no data" just return null
         }

         b1 = base64Alphabet[d1];
         b2 = base64Alphabet[d2];

         d3 = base64Data[dataIndex++];
         d4 = base64Data[dataIndex++];
         if (!isData((d3)) || !isData((d4))) {//Check if they are PAD characters
             if (isPad(d3) && isPad(d4)) {
                 if ((b2 & 0xf) != 0)//last 4 bits should be zero
                 {
                     return null;
                 }
                 byte[] tmp = new byte[i * 3 + 1];
                 System.arraycopy(decodedData, 0, tmp, 0, i * 3);
                 tmp[encodedIndex] = (byte) (b1 << 2 | b2 >> 4);
                 return tmp;
             } else if (!isPad(d3) && isPad(d4)) {
                 b3 = base64Alphabet[d3];
                 if ((b3 & 0x3) != 0)//last 2 bits should be zero
                 {
                     return null;
                 }
                 byte[] tmp = new byte[i * 3 + 2];
                 System.arraycopy(decodedData, 0, tmp, 0, i * 3);
                 tmp[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (b1 << 2 | b2 >> 4);
                 tmp[encodedIndex] = (byte) (((b2 & 0xf) << 4) | ((b3 >> 2) & 0xf));
                 return tmp;
             } else {
                 return null;
             }
         } else { //No PAD e.g 3cQl
             b3 = base64Alphabet[d3];
             b4 = base64Alphabet[d4];
             decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (b1 << 2 | b2 >> 4);
             decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (((b2 & 0xf) << 4) | ((b3 >> 2) & 0xf));
             decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (b3 << 6 | b4);

         }

         return decodedData;
     }
     
     private static boolean isWhiteSpace(char octect) {
         return (octect == 0x20 || octect == 0xd || octect == 0xa || octect == 0x9);
     }     
     
     private static boolean isData(char octect) {
         return (octect < BASELENGTH && base64Alphabet[octect] != -1);
     }
     
     private static boolean isPad(char octect) {
         return (octect == PAD);
     }
     
     /**
      * remove WhiteSpace from MIME containing encoded Base64 data.
      *
      * @param data  the byte array of base64 data (with WS)
      * @return      the new length
      */
     private static int removeWhiteSpace(char[] data) {
         if (data == null) {
             return 0;
         }

         // count characters that's not whitespace
         int newSize = 0;
         int len = data.length;
         for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
             if (!isWhiteSpace(data[i])) {
                 data[newSize++] = data[i];
             }
         }
         return newSize;
     } 
}