oracle Local Undo Mode & Shared Undo Mode

os: 7.6.1810
db: oracle 19.3

在 oracle 12cr1 中,所有 pdb 只能共享使用 undo,被称为 Global Shared Undo 模式,即共享 Undo 模式 。
在 oracle 12cr2 中,每个 pdb 可以有自己独立的 undo ,被称为 PDB Local UNDO 模式,使用 dbca 创建数据库时, local undo 是默认勾选的.

同时由于引入了 local UNDO, PDB 可以热克隆.
在12.1版本中Clone一份PDB源库需要打开在 read only 只读模式, 在12.2版本中引入了local undo mode, 源PDB在read/write 读写模式也可以 Clone. 这样可以在复制一份测试环境时对源库影响降到最低, 同时 local undo mode也是ORACLE推荐的.

12.1 源PDB在read/write模式clone是不允许的.以前的 小例子12.1 clone pdb

ORA-65081: database or pluggable database is not open in read only mode
下面会演示一下12.2 的PDB HOT Clone, 开始前先补充一点local undo的知识.

版本

# lsb_release -a
LSB Version:	:core-4.1-amd64:core-4.1-noarch
Distributor ID:	CentOS
Description:	CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core) 
Release:	7.6.1810
Codename:	Core

# su - oracle
$ sqlplus / as sysdba;

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Jul 11 09:37:44 2019
Version 19.3.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0

SQL> set lines 200;
set pages 200;

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BANNER_FULL
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BANNER_LEGACY									     CON_ID
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production			  0


SQL> 

LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED

SQL> set lines 200;
set pages 200;
col PROPERTY_NAME format a25;
col PROPERTY_VALUE format a25;
col DESCRIPTION format a40;

SQL> select PROPERTY_NAME,PROPERTY_VALUE,DESCRIPTION from database_properties where property_name='LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED';

PROPERTY_NAME		  PROPERTY_VALUE	    DESCRIPTION
------------------------- ------------------------- ----------------------------------------
LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED	  TRUE			    true if local undo is enabled

SQL> SELECT CON_ID,NAME FROM V$TABLESPACE A WHERE A.NAME  LIKE 'UNDO%' ORDER BY CON_ID,TS# ;

CON_ID NAME
------ ------------------------------
     1 UNDOTBS1
     1 UNDOTBS2
     2 UNDOTBS1
     3 UNDOTBS1
     3 UNDO_2
     4 UNDOTBS1
     4 UNDO_2

7 rows selected.

另外 Shared Undo 和 Local Undo 切换,可以参考帮助文档.

参考:
https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/multi/administering-a-cdb-with-sql-plus.html#GUID-24EA5811-94F0-4EEC-864F-23AEF48F2D51