MySQL not in嵌套查询改写成外连接方式

在MySQL中，not in 嵌套查询会在数据库里面创建一张临时表，导致执行效率很低，可以改成外连接的方式处理，效率会好很多。

not in方式

mysql> select * from dept where deptno not in (select deptno from emp);
+--------+------------+---------+
| deptno | dname      | loc     |
+--------+------------+---------+
|     40 | OPERATIONS | BOSTON  |
|     50 | Research   | BeiJing |
+--------+------------+---------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> explain select * from dept where deptno not in (select deptno from emp);
+----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key  | key_len | ref  | rows | Extra       |
+----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+
|  1 | PRIMARY     | dept  | ALL  | NULL          | NULL | NULL    | NULL |    5 | Using where |
|  2 | SUBQUERY    | emp   | ALL  | NULL          | NULL | NULL    | NULL |   14 | NULL        |
+----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

外连接方式

mysql> select * from dept e left join emp d on e.deptno=d.deptno where d.deptno is null;
+--------+------------+---------+-------+-------+------+------+----------+------+------+--------+
| deptno | dname      | loc     | empno | ename | job  | mgr  | hiredate | sal  | com  | deptno |
+--------+------------+---------+-------+-------+------+------+----------+------+------+--------+
|     40 | OPERATIONS | BOSTON  |  NULL | NULL  | NULL | NULL | NULL     | NULL | NULL |   NULL |
|     50 | Research   | BeiJing |  NULL | NULL  | NULL | NULL | NULL     | NULL | NULL |   NULL |
+--------+------------+---------+-------+-------+------+------+----------+------+------+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> explain select * from dept e left join emp d on e.deptno=d.deptno where d.deptno is null;
+----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+----------------------------------------------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key  | key_len | ref  | rows | Extra                                              |
+----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+----------------------------------------------------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | e     | ALL  | NULL          | NULL | NULL    | NULL |    5 | NULL                                               |
|  1 | SIMPLE      | d     | ALL  | NULL          | NULL | NULL    | NULL |   14 | Using where; Using join buffer (Block Nested Loop) |
+----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+----------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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