用Python解析XML(2)

Save the code above as order.xml. Now I just need to write a parser and PDF generator script. in Python. You can use Python builtin XML parsing libraries which include SAX, minidom or ElementTree or you can go out and download one of the many external packages for XML parsing. 

My favorite is lxml which includes a version of ElementTree as well as a really nice piece of code that they call "objectify". This latter piece will basically take XML and turn it into a dot notation Python object. I'll be using it to do our parsing because it is so straight-forward, easy to implement and understand. As stated earlier, I'll be using Reportlab to do the PDF creation piece. 

Here's a simple script. that will do everything we need:

001.from decimal import Decimal

002.from lxml import etree, objectify

003. 

004.from reportlab.lib import colors

005.from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import letter

006.from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet

007.from reportlab.lib.units import inch, mm

008.from reportlab.pdfgen import canvas

009.from reportlab.platypus import Paragraph, Table, TableStyle

010. 

011.########################################################################

012.class PDFOrder(object):

013.""""""

014. 

015.#----------------------------------------------------------------------

016.def __init__(self, xml_file, pdf_file):

017."""Constructor"""

018.self.xml_file = xml_file

019.self.pdf_file = pdf_file

020. 

021.self.xml_obj = self.getXMLObject()

022. 

023.#----------------------------------------------------------------------

024.def coord(self, x, y, unit=1):

025."""

026.# http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4726011/wrap-text-in-a-table-reportlab

027.Helper class to help position flowables in Canvas objects

028."""

029.x, y = x * unit, self.height -  y * unit

030.return x, y 

031. 

032.#----------------------------------------------------------------------

033.def createPDF(self):

034."""

035.Create a PDF based on the XML data

036."""

037.self.canvas = canvas.Canvas(self.pdf_file, pagesize=letter)

038.width, self.height = letter

039.styles = getSampleStyleSheet()

040.xml = self.xml_obj

041. 

042.address = """ 

043.SHIP TO:

044. 

045. 

046. 

047.%s

048. 

049.%s

050. 

051.%s

052. 

053.%s

054. 

055.

056.""" % (xml.address1, xml.address2, xml.address3, xml.address4)

057.p = Paragraph(address, styles["Normal"])

058.p.wrapOn(self.canvas, width, self.height)

059.p.drawOn(self.canvas, *self.coord(18, 40, mm))

060. 

061.order_number = 'Order #%s ' %xml.order_number

062.p = Paragraph(order_number, styles["Normal"])

063.p.wrapOn(self.canvas, width, self.height)

064.p.drawOn(self.canvas, *self.coord(18, 50, mm))

065. 

066.data = []

067.data.append(["Item ID", "Name", "Price", "Quantity", "Total"])

068.grand_total = 0

069.for item in xml.order_items.iterchildren():

070.row = []

071.row.append(item.id)

072.row.append(item.name)

073.row.append(item.price)

074.row.append(item.quantity)

075.total = Decimal(str(item.price)) * Decimal(str(item.quantity))

076.row.append(str(total))

077.grand_total += total

078.data.append(row)

079.data.append(["", "", "", "Grand Total:", grand_total])

080.t = Table(data, 1.5 * inch)

081.t.setStyle(TableStyle([

082.('INNERGRID', (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.25, colors.black),

083.('BOX', (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.25, colors.black)

084.]))

085.t.wrapOn(self.canvas, width, self.height)

086.t.drawOn(self.canvas, *self.coord(18, 85, mm))

087. 

088.txt = "Thank you for your business!"

089.p = Paragraph(txt, styles["Normal"])

090.p.wrapOn(self.canvas, width, self.height)

091.p.drawOn(self.canvas, *self.coord(18, 95, mm))

092. 

093.#----------------------------------------------------------------------

094.def getXMLObject(self):

095."""

096.Open the XML document and return an lxml XML document

097."""

098.with open(self.xml_file) as f:

099.xml = f.read()

100.return objectify.fromstring(xml)

101. 

102.#----------------------------------------------------------------------

103.def savePDF(self):

104."""

105.Save the PDF to disk

106."""

107.self.canvas.save()

108. 

109.#----------------------------------------------------------------------

110.if __name__ == "__main__":

111.xml = "order.xml"

112.pdf = "letter.pdf"

113.doc = PDFOrder(xml, pdf)

114.doc.createPDF()

115.doc.savePDF()

116. 

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