12c 数据泵作业启动后相关进程和表

启动数据泵导入和导出作业时，在服务器上会初始化一个OS主进程ora_dmNN_和一个expdp/impdp进城，当作业结束，上述进程消失。可以使用ps命令来查看这些变化为我们监控作业提供一些信息。如果开启并行模式parallel，则会出现ora_dwNN_进程。

另外在导出导入过程中还会创建数据库状态表，该表的的owner为启动该作业的用户。如果使用expdp \'/ as sysdba\’启动作业owner为SYS，如果使用 expdp hr/hr启动作业owner为hr。该表有80多个列记录了大量详细信息，成功导出和导入作业后数据泵会删除该表。如果在作业当中使用stop_job交互命令停止作业，可以查看该表保留的信息，如果采用kill_job交互式命令删除该作业那么该表也随之被删除。 

创建一个目录对象dp_dir,指向OS目录/home/oracle

[oracle@snow ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SYS@ora12c >create directory dp_dir as '/home/oracle';

解锁示例用户hr

SYS@ora12c >alter user hr identified by hr account unlock;

SYS@ora12c >exit

此时OS中没有ora_dm进城

[root@snow ~]# ps -ef|grep ora_dm

root 75899 74610 0 06:34 pts/1 00:00:00 grep ora_dm

使用sys用户导出hr下所有内容

[oracle@snow ~]$ expdp \'/ as sysdba\' dumpfile=hr.dmp logfile=hr.log directory=dp_dir schemas=hr

Export: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Feb 9 06:29:43 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

Starting "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": "/******** AS SYSDBA" dumpfile=hr.dmp logfile=hr.log directory=dp_dir schemas=hr

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 448 KB

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SEQUENCE/SEQUENCE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/PROCEDURE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/ALTER_PROCEDURE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/VIEW/VIEW

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TRIGGER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/STATISTICS/MARKER

. . exported "HR"."COUNTRIES" 6.437 KB 25 rows

. . exported "HR"."DEPARTMENTS" 7.101 KB 27 rows

. . exported "HR"."EMPLOYEES" 17.06 KB 107 rows

. . exported "HR"."JOBS" 7.085 KB 19 rows

. . exported "HR"."JOB_HISTORY" 7.171 KB 10 rows

. . exported "HR"."LOCATIONS" 8.414 KB 23 rows

. . exported "HR"."REGIONS" 5.523 KB 4 rows

Master table "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for SYS.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:

/home/oracle/hr.dmp

Job "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at Mon Feb 9 06:30:23 2015 elapsed 0 00:00:38

在expdp执行过程中会出现ora_dmNN_SID进程以及expdp进程

[root@snow ~]# ps -ef|grep -v grep |grep ora_dm

oracle 76052 1 39 06:42 ? 00:00:01 ora_dm00_ora12c

[root@snow ~]# ps -ef|grep -v grep |grep expdp

oracle 76047 74500 0 06:42 pts/0 00:00:00 expdp as sysdba' dumpfile=hr.dmp logfile=hr.log directory=dp_dir schemas=hr

如果开启并行模式parallel，则会出现ora_dwNN_进程。

在下面的例子中开启并行度5，在作业执行过程中会出现5个工进程来做具体的操作

[oracle@snow ~]$ expdp \'/ as sysdba\' dumpfile=hr_%u.dmp parallel=5 logfile=hr.log directory=dp_dir schemas=hr

[oracle@snow ~]$ ps -ef|grep -v grep|grep ora_dm

oracle 77433 1 22 08:40 ? 00:00:01 ora_dm00_ora12c

[oracle@snow ~]$ ps -ef|grep -v grep|grep ora_dw

oracle 77435 1 91 08:40 ? 00:00:10 ora_dw00_ora12c

oracle 77437 1 3 08:40 ? 00:00:00 ora_dw01_ora12c

oracle 77439 1 0 08:40 ? 00:00:00 ora_dw02_ora12c

oracle 77441 1 0 08:40 ? 00:00:00 ora_dw03_ora12c

oracle 77443 1 0 08:40 ? 00:00:00 ora_dw04_ora12c

除了作业期间的这些进程还会出现数据库状态表，该表只有作业执行期间会出现。

SYS@ora12c >select owner,table_name,tablespace_name from dba_tables where table_name like 'SYS_EXPORT%'

OWNER TABLE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME

-------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------

SYS SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 SYSTEM

通过toad工具查询该表能看到多如牛毛的信息信息，截图只是九毛中的一毛。


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