SGA中各池内存分配颗粒大小与SGA_TARGET参数的关系

      在ORACLE9I中，各个SGA组件必须手动设置大小，从ORACLE10G开始多了另外一种选择:自动SGA内存管理。当ORACLE使用自动SGA内存管理时，只需设置SGA_TARGET，其他与SGA相关的参数都不用管，此时数据库实例会根据需要为各个池动态地分配内存。

      不论是使用自动内存管理还是手动内存管理，都会发现各个池的内存以称之为颗粒(GRANULE,也叫区组)的单位来分配。一个颗粒大小是4M,8M或16M的内存区。各池大小是颗粒的倍数。颗粒的大小有SGA大小来确定，通过查看V$SGA_DYNAMIC_COMPONENTS可以看到SGA的总大小影响颗粒的大小

SQL> show parameter sga_target;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
sga_target                           big integer 1020M
SQL> select component, granule_size from v$sga_dynamic_components;

COMPONENT                                                        GRANULE_SIZE
---------------------------------------------------------------- ------------
shared pool                                                           4194304
large pool                                                            4194304
java pool                                                             4194304
streams pool                                                          4194304
DEFAULT buffer cache                                                  4194304
KEEP buffer cache                                                     4194304
RECYCLE buffer cache                                                  4194304
DEFAULT 2K buffer cache                                               4194304
DEFAULT 4K buffer cache                                               4194304
DEFAULT 8K buffer cache                                               4194304
DEFAULT 16K buffer cache                                              4194304

COMPONENT                                                        GRANULE_SIZE
---------------------------------------------------------------- ------------
DEFAULT 32K buffer cache                                              4194304
ASM Buffer Cache                                                      4194304

13 rows selected.

SQL> alter system set sga_target=1035m scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes
Fixed Size                  2083304 bytes
Variable Size             301991448 bytes
Database Buffers          771751936 bytes
Redo Buffers               14692352 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show parameter sga_target

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
sga_target                           big integer 1040M
SQL> select component,granule_size from v$sga_dynamic_components;

COMPONENT                                                        GRANULE_SIZE
---------------------------------------------------------------- ------------
shared pool                                                          16777216
large pool                                                           16777216
java pool                                                            16777216
streams pool                                                         16777216
DEFAULT buffer cache                                                 16777216
KEEP buffer cache                                                    16777216
RECYCLE buffer cache                                                 16777216
DEFAULT 2K buffer cache                                              16777216
DEFAULT 4K buffer cache                                              16777216
DEFAULT 8K buffer cache                                              16777216
DEFAULT 16K buffer cache                                             16777216

COMPONENT                                                        GRANULE_SIZE
---------------------------------------------------------------- ------------
DEFAULT 32K buffer cache                                             16777216
ASM Buffer Cache                                                     16777216

13 rows selected.

以上的例子使用的是自动SGA管理，由以上可以知道，当SGA小于或等于1GB时，颗粒为4M,当SGA大小查过阀值1G时(对于不同的操作系统甚至不停的版本，这个阀值可能稍有变化)，可以看到颗粒大小由4M变为16M。

 

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