使用普通文件创建ASM实例

平台：WinXP SP2
数据库版本：10.2.0.1

注：由于itpub的blog会屏蔽反斜杠，以下反斜杠都用斜杠代替了

实验需要perl建立文件来模拟asm磁盘，perl解析器可以从下面的地址下载http://www.skycn.com/soft/1211.html

1、建立以下perl脚本，创建4个200m的文件模拟4块asm磁盘，脚本保存为h:/asmdisk.txt

[@more@]

my $s='0' x 2**20;
open(DF1,">h:/asmdisks/_file_disk1") || die "Cannot create file - $!n";
open(DF2,">h:/asmdisks/_file_disk2") || die "Cannot create file - $!n";
open(DF3,">h:/asmdisks/_file_disk3") || die "Cannot create file - $!n";
open(DF4,">h:/asmdisks/_file_disk4") || die "Cannot create file - $!n";
for (my $i=1; $i<200; $i++) {
print DF1 $s;
print DF2 $s;
print DF3 $s;
print DF4 $s;
}
exit

2、运行刚才建立的perl脚本
C:/WINDOWS>perl h:/asmdisk.txt

3、配置CSS服务。asm在实际的工作中需要Oracle Cluster Synchronization Services在数据库和asm之间同步数据和消息，所以在创建asm实例之前，必须配置CSS服务
C:/WINDOWS>localconfig add
Step 1: creating new OCR repository
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Creating OCR keys for user 'administrator', privgrp ''..
Operation successful.
Step 2: creating new CSS service
successfully created local CSS service
successfully added CSS to home

4、创建asm实例的管理目录
%ORACLE_BASE%/admin/+asm/bdump
%ORACLE_BASE%/admin/+asm/cdump
%ORACLE_BASE%/admin/+asm/hdump
%ORACLE_BASE%/admin/+asm/pfile
%ORACLE_BASE%/admin/+asm/udump

5、建立asm实例的参数文件F:/oracle/product/admin/+asm/pfile/init+asm.ora。由于是通过文件模拟磁盘，需要用到asm的一个隐含参数_asm_allow_only_raw_disks，默认情况下这个参数的值为true，仅允许裸设备作为asm的磁盘；这里将该参数设置为false，可以用文件模拟asm磁盘
_asm_allow_only_raw_disks=false
asm_diskstring='h:/asmdisks/_file*'
background_dump_dest='F:/oracle/product/admin/+asm/bdump'
core_dump_dest='F:/oracle/product/admin/+asm/cdump'
user_dump_dest='F:/oracle/product/admin/+asm/udump'
instance_type=asm
compatible=10.2.0.1.0
large_pool_size=12M
remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive

6、使用oradim创建asm实例，windows下必须，linux和unix下不需要
C:/WINDOWS>oradim -new -asmsid +asm
Instance created..

7、启动asm实例，并创建asm实例的spfile
C:/WINDOWS>set ORACLE_SID=+asm

C:/WINDOWS>sqlplus "/as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Mar 22 20:39:02 2008

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

idle>startup nomount pfile='F:/oracle/product/admin/+asm/pfile/init+asm.ora'
asm instance started

Total System Global Area 83886080 bytes
Fixed Size 1247420 bytes
Variable Size 57472836 bytes
asm Cache 25165824 bytes

idle>create spfile from pfile='F:/oracle/product/admin/+asm/pfile/init+asm.ora';

File created.

8、重启数据库实例，在shutdown和startup时出现ORA-15100和ORA-15110是因为目前还没有创建diskgroup，没有任何问题
idle>shut immediate
ORA-15100: invalid or missing diskgroup name

asm instance shutdown
idle>startup
asm instance started

Total System Global Area 83886080 bytes
Fixed Size 1247420 bytes
Variable Size 57472836 bytes
asm Cache 25165824 bytes
ORA-15110: no diskgroups mounted

9、创建diskgroup，假设DISK1、DISK2在一个failgroup，DISK3、DISK4在另一个failgroup
idle>create diskgroup test normal redundancy
2 failgroup controller1 disk 'H:/asmDISKS/_FILE_DISK1','H:/asmDISKS/_FILE_DISK2'
3 failgroup controller2 disk 'H:/asmDISKS/_FILE_DISK3','H:/asmDISKS/_FILE_DISK4';

Diskgroup created.

从v$asm_disk视图查看asm disk的情况

idle>col group_number heading gNo for 99
idle>col disk_number heading dNo for 99
idle>col mount_status heading mstatus for a6
idle>col header_status heading hstatus for a9
idle>col path for a40

idle>SELECT group_number, disk_number, mount_status, header_status, state, path from v$asm_disk;

gNo dNo mstatu hstatus STATE PATH
--- --- ------ --------- ---------------- ----------------------------------------
1 1 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL H:/asmDISKS/_FILE_DISK2
1 2 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL H:/asmDISKS/_FILE_DISK3
1 3 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL H:/asmDISKS/_FILE_DISK4
1 0 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL H:/asmDISKS/_FILE_DISK1

从v$asm_diskgroup视图查看asm diskgroup的情况
idle>select group_number, name, total_mb, free_mb, state, type from v$asm_diskgroup;

gNo NAME TOTAL_MB FREE_MB STATE TYPE
--- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------- ------------
1 TEST 796 641 MOUNTED NORMAL

asm实例创建成功，以后可以再添加、删除磁盘和磁盘组。在通过DBCA创建数据库时，就可以选择这里创建好的磁盘组做为存储选项了

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转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/175187/viewspace-1001365/