Oracle 在10g以前的使用的是 Statspack做性能故障诊断的。Oracle Database 10g 提供了一个显著改进的工具:自动工作负载信息库 (AWR)。AWR 和数据库一起安装。数据库装好后,,快照由一个称为 MMON 的新的后台进程及其从进程自动地每小时采集一次(snap)
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1.查看当前的AWR保存策略、设置:快照间隔、保存时间。
SQL> col SNAP_INTERVAL format a20
SQL> col RETENTION format a20
SQL> select * from dba_hist_wr_control;
DBID SNAP_INTERVAL RETENTION TOPNSQL
---------- -------------------- -------------------- ----------
262089084 +00000 01:00:00.0 +00007 00:00:00.0 DEFAULT
以上结果表示,每小时产生一个SNAPSHOT,保留7天。
2.调整AWR配置,修改快照间隔和保存时间等。 AWR配置都是通过dbms_workload_repository包进行配置。
2.1 调整AWR产生snapshot的频率和保留策略, 如将收集间隔时间改为30 分钟一次。并且保留5天时间(单位都是分钟): SQL> exec dbms_workload_repository.modify_snapshot_settings(interval=>30, retention=>5*24*60); 设置快照时间间隔为 20 分钟,保留时间为两天 -- 您可以发出以下命令。参数以分钟为单位。 SQL> exec dbms_workload_repository.modify_snapshot_settings ( interval => 20, retention => 2*24*60 );
2.2 关闭AWR,把interval设为0则关闭自动捕捉快照 SQL> exec dbms_workload_repository.modify_snapshot_settings(interval=>0);
2.3 手工创建一个快照 SQL> exec DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.CREATE_SNAPSHOT(); exec dbms_workload_repository.create_snapshot;
2.4 查看快照 SQL> select * from sys.wrh$_active_session_history SQL> select count(*),max(snap_id) from wrh$_active_session_history;
2.5 手工删除指定范围的快照 SQL> exec DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.DROP_SNAPSHOT_RANGE(low_snap_id => 973, high_snap_id => 999, dbid => 262089084);
2.6 创建baseline,保存这些数据用于将来分析和比较 SQL> exec dbms_workload_repository.create_baseline(start_snap_id => 1003, end_snap_id => 1013, 'apply_interest_1');
2.7 删除baseline SQL> exec DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.DROP_BASELINE(baseline_name => 'apply_interest_1', cascade => FALSE);
2.8 将AWR数据导出并迁移到其它数据库以便于以后分析 SQL> exec DBMS_SWRF_INTERNAL.AWR_EXTRACT(dmpfile => 'awr_data.dmp', mpdir => 'DIR_BDUMP', bid => 1003, eid => 1013);
2.9 迁移AWR数据文件到其他数据库 SQL> exec DBMS_SWRF_INTERNAL.AWR_LOAD(SCHNAME => 'AWR_TEST', dmpfile => 'awr_data.dmp', dmpdir => 'DIR_BDUMP'); 把AWR数据转移到SYS模式中: SQL> exec DBMS_SWRF_INTERNAL.MOVE_TO_AWR (SCHNAME => 'TEST');
1,登陆Oracle数据库:
sqlplus / as sysdba
2, 在sqlplus中,以sys用户运行下面的命令,生成第一份性能数据快照:
exec DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.CREATE_SNAPSHOT (flush_level=>'ALL');
3,运行你找到的所有或很多性能较差的应用或SQL,让系统压力始终处于比较高的状态(如CPU或IO的使用),并保持此状态达到半小时到1小时
4,在sqlplus中,以sys用户再次运行下面的命令,生成第二份性能数据快照:
exec DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.CREATE_SNAPSHOT (flush_level=>'ALL');
5,在sqlplus中,以sys用户运行下面的命令,以产生性能报告:
@?/rdbms/admin/awrrpt.sql
根据提示,选择上面生成的2个性能数据快照,最后会生成一个最终的AWR性能报告。
1、如果不在oracle用户下请切换到oracle用户
su – oracle
$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
2、以sysdba权限登录数据库
sqlplus "/as sysdba"
3、执行awrprt命令
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/awrrpt.sql
4、出现选择awr的输出格式界面(默认选HTML比较直观)
-----------------------------------------------
Current Instance
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
DB Id DB Name Inst Num Instance
----------- ------------ -------- ------------
2566595041 samp 2 samp2
Specify the Report Type
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Would you like an HTML report, or a plain text report?
Enter 'html' for an HTML report, or 'text' for plain text
Defaults to 'html'
Enter value for report_type: html
Type Specified: html
-----------------------------------------------
5、选择采集日期间隔(下述samp1samp2是RAC节点的两个实例)
-----------------------------------------------
Instances in this Workload Repository schema
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
DB Id Inst Num DB Name Instance Host
------------ -------- ------------ ------------ ------------
* 2566595041 2 samp samp2 p650b
2566595041 1 samp samp1 p650a
Using 2566595041 for database Id
Using 2 for instance number
Specify the number of days of snapshots to choose from
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Entering the number of days (n) will result in the most recent
(n) days of snapshots being listed. Pressing without
specifying a number lists all completed snapshots.
选择时间范围
Enter value for num_days: 1
------------------------------------------------
6、选择开始和结束采集点30132-30148
------------------------------------------------
Listing the last day's Completed Snapshots
Snap
Instance DB Name Snap Id Snap Started Level
------------ ------------ --------- ------------------ -----
samp2 samp 30132 13 Aug 2010 00:00 1
30133 13 Aug 2010 01:00 1
30134 13 Aug 2010 02:00 1
30135 13 Aug 2010 03:00 1
30136 13 Aug 2010 04:00 1
30137 13 Aug 2010 05:00 1
30138 13 Aug 2010 06:00 1
30139 13 Aug 2010 07:00 1
30140 13 Aug 2010 08:00 1
30141 13 Aug 2010 09:00 1
30142 13 Aug 2010 10:00 1
30143 13 Aug 2010 11:00 1
30144 13 Aug 2010 12:00 1
30145 13 Aug 2010 13:00 1
30146 13 Aug 2010 14:00 1
30147 13 Aug 2010 15:00 1
30148 13 Aug 2010 16:00 1
Specify the Begin and End Snapshot Ids
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Enter value for begin_snap: 30132
Begin Snapshot Id specified: 30132
Enter value for end_snap: 30148
End Snapshot Id specified: 30148
------------------------------------------------
7、指定输出地址和名称/tmp/awrrpt_2_30132_30148.html
------------------------------------------------
Specify the Report Name
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The default report file name is awrrpt_2_30132_30148.html. To use this name,
press to continue, otherwise enter an alternative.
Enter value for report_name: /tmp/awrrpt_2_30132_30148.html
------------------------------------------------
8、生成过程----屏幕打印一堆html代码
------------------------------------------------
Using the report name /tmp/awrrpt_2_30132_30148.html
AWR Report
9、结束生成过程
------------------------------------------------
End of Report