通过merge你能够在一个SQL语句中对一个表同时执行inserts和updates操作
当然是update还是insert是依据于你的指定的条件判断的
ORACLE 9i中,使用此命令必须同时指定UPDATE和INSERT关键词,ORACLE 10g做了如下改动:
insert和update是可选的
UPDATE和INSERT 后面可以跟WHERE子句
在ON条件中可以使用常量来insert所有的行到目标表中,不需要连接到源表和目标表
UPDATE 子句后面可以跟delete来去除一些不需要的行
这个语法仅需要一次全表扫描就完成了全部工作,执行效率要高于INSERT+UPDATE
create table PRODUCTS
(
PRODUCT_ID INTEGER,
PRODUCT_NAME VARCHAR2(60),
CATEGORY VARCHAR2(60)
);
insert into PRODUCTS values (1501, 'VIVITAR 35MM', 'ELECTRNCS');
insert into PRODUCTS values (1502, 'OLYMPUS IS50', 'ELECTRNCS');
insert into PRODUCTS values (1600, 'PLAY GYM', 'TOYS');
insert into PRODUCTS values (1601, 'LAMAZE', 'TOYS');
insert into PRODUCTS values (1666, 'HARRY POTTER', 'DVD');
commit;
create table NEWPRODUCTS
(
PRODUCT_ID INTEGER,
PRODUCT_NAME VARCHAR2(60),
CATEGORY VARCHAR2(60)
);
insert into NEWPRODUCTS values (1502, 'OLYMPUS CAMERA', 'ELECTRNCS');
insert into NEWPRODUCTS values (1601, 'LAMAZE', 'TOYS');
insert into NEWPRODUCTS values (1666, 'HARRY POTTER', 'TOYS');
insert into NEWPRODUCTS values (1700, 'WAIT INTERFACE', 'BOOKS');
commit;
MERGE INTO products p
USING newproducts np
ON (p.product_id = np.product_id)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET p.product_name = np.product_name,p.category = np.category
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT VALUES (np.product_id,np.product_name,np.category);
roll back;
MERGE INTO products p
USING newproducts np
ON (p.product_id = np.product_id)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET p.product_name = np.product_name,p.category = np.category,p.product_id = np.product_id;
不能更新on关联条件中的字段
ORA-38104: Columns referenced in the ON Clause cannot be updated : "P"."PRODUCT_ID"
MERGE INTO products p
USING newproducts np
ON (p.product_id = np.product_id)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET p.product_name = np.product_name,p.category = np.category;
MERGE INTO products p
USING newproducts np
ON (p.product_id = np.product_id)
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT VALUES (np.product_id,np.product_name,np.category);
insert和update是可选的
MERGE INTO products p
USING newproducts np
ON (p.product_id = np.product_id)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET p.product_name = np.product_name where p.category = np.category;
MERGE INTO products p
USING newproducts np
ON (p.product_id = np.product_id)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET p.product_name = np.product_name,p.category = np.category where p.category='DVD' and np.category='TOYS'
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT VALUES (np.product_id,np.product_name,np.category) where np.category!='ELECTRNCS';
UPDATE和INSERT 后面可以跟WHERE子句
MERGE INTO products p
USING newproducts np
ON (1=0)
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT VALUES (np.product_id, np.product_name, np.category) WHERE np.category in ('BOOKS','TOYS');
在ON条件中可以使用常量来insert所有的行到目标表中,不需要连接到源表和目标表
MERGE INTO products p
USING newproducts np
ON (p.product_id = np.product_id)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET p.product_name = np.product_name,p.category = np.category
--DELETE WHERE (np.category = 'ELECTRNCS')
DELETE WHERE (p.category = 'ELECTRNCS')
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT VALUES (np.product_id, np.product_name, np.category);
UPDATE 子句后面可以跟delete来去除一些不需要的行
xlj
当然是update还是insert是依据于你的指定的条件判断的
ORACLE 9i中,使用此命令必须同时指定UPDATE和INSERT关键词,ORACLE 10g做了如下改动:
insert和update是可选的
UPDATE和INSERT 后面可以跟WHERE子句
在ON条件中可以使用常量来insert所有的行到目标表中,不需要连接到源表和目标表
UPDATE 子句后面可以跟delete来去除一些不需要的行
这个语法仅需要一次全表扫描就完成了全部工作,执行效率要高于INSERT+UPDATE
create table PRODUCTS
(
PRODUCT_ID INTEGER,
PRODUCT_NAME VARCHAR2(60),
CATEGORY VARCHAR2(60)
);
insert into PRODUCTS values (1501, 'VIVITAR 35MM', 'ELECTRNCS');
insert into PRODUCTS values (1502, 'OLYMPUS IS50', 'ELECTRNCS');
insert into PRODUCTS values (1600, 'PLAY GYM', 'TOYS');
insert into PRODUCTS values (1601, 'LAMAZE', 'TOYS');
insert into PRODUCTS values (1666, 'HARRY POTTER', 'DVD');
commit;
create table NEWPRODUCTS
(
PRODUCT_ID INTEGER,
PRODUCT_NAME VARCHAR2(60),
CATEGORY VARCHAR2(60)
);
insert into NEWPRODUCTS values (1502, 'OLYMPUS CAMERA', 'ELECTRNCS');
insert into NEWPRODUCTS values (1601, 'LAMAZE', 'TOYS');
insert into NEWPRODUCTS values (1666, 'HARRY POTTER', 'TOYS');
insert into NEWPRODUCTS values (1700, 'WAIT INTERFACE', 'BOOKS');
commit;
MERGE INTO products p
USING newproducts np
ON (p.product_id = np.product_id)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET p.product_name = np.product_name,p.category = np.category
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT VALUES (np.product_id,np.product_name,np.category);
roll back;
MERGE INTO products p
USING newproducts np
ON (p.product_id = np.product_id)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET p.product_name = np.product_name,p.category = np.category,p.product_id = np.product_id;
不能更新on关联条件中的字段
ORA-38104: Columns referenced in the ON Clause cannot be updated : "P"."PRODUCT_ID"
MERGE INTO products p
USING newproducts np
ON (p.product_id = np.product_id)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET p.product_name = np.product_name,p.category = np.category;
MERGE INTO products p
USING newproducts np
ON (p.product_id = np.product_id)
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT VALUES (np.product_id,np.product_name,np.category);
insert和update是可选的
MERGE INTO products p
USING newproducts np
ON (p.product_id = np.product_id)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET p.product_name = np.product_name where p.category = np.category;
MERGE INTO products p
USING newproducts np
ON (p.product_id = np.product_id)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET p.product_name = np.product_name,p.category = np.category where p.category='DVD' and np.category='TOYS'
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT VALUES (np.product_id,np.product_name,np.category) where np.category!='ELECTRNCS';
UPDATE和INSERT 后面可以跟WHERE子句
MERGE INTO products p
USING newproducts np
ON (1=0)
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT VALUES (np.product_id, np.product_name, np.category) WHERE np.category in ('BOOKS','TOYS');
在ON条件中可以使用常量来insert所有的行到目标表中,不需要连接到源表和目标表
MERGE INTO products p
USING newproducts np
ON (p.product_id = np.product_id)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET p.product_name = np.product_name,p.category = np.category
--DELETE WHERE (np.category = 'ELECTRNCS')
DELETE WHERE (p.category = 'ELECTRNCS')
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT VALUES (np.product_id, np.product_name, np.category);
UPDATE 子句后面可以跟delete来去除一些不需要的行
xlj
来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ,链接:http://blog.itpub.net/30109892/viewspace-1816732/,如需转载,请注明出处,否则将追究法律责任。
转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/30109892/viewspace-1816732/