网络编程第一篇：客户--服务器通信（非阻塞,多进程）

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最新推荐文章于 2020-08-18 13:39:04 发布

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来源: ChinaUnix博客　日期： 2008.08.31 15:20　(共有条评论) 我要评论

/* common_talk.h */
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define MAXMSG 1024
#define MSG_FD_NUM 2
#define MSG_FD_STDIN 0
#define MSG_FD_SOCK 1
char msgbuf[MAXMSG+2]; // \r \0
void do_talk(int new_fd)
{
fd_set rfds;
struct timeval tv;
int maxfd;
int fdsets[MSG_FD_NUM];
fdsets[MSG_FD_STDIN] = STDIN_FILENO;
fdsets[MSG_FD_SOCK] = new_fd;
int len,i;

printf("input the message you want，then press Enter(\"quit\"---end this talk)\n");
while(1){
      FD_ZERO(&rfds);
      FD_SET(fdsets[MSG_FD_STDIN],&rfds);
      FD_SET(fdsets[MSG_FD_SOCK],&rfds);    //检测标准输入和通话套接字
      tv.tv_sec = 1;
      tv.tv_usec = 0; //等待一秒;
      maxfd = fdsets[MSG_FD_STDIN] > fdsets[MSG_FD_SOCK] ? fdsets[MSG_FD_STDIN]:fdsets[MSG_FD_SOCK];
      if(select(maxfd+1,&rfds,NULL,NULL,&tv)>%s",msgbuf);
                        printf("\t\tsend message sucess ---- totally send %d bytes message\n",len);
                        break;

                  case MSG_FD_SOCK:
                        memset(msgbuf,0x00,sizeof(msgbuf));
                        if((len=recv(new_fd,msgbuf,MAXMSG,0))>0){
                           printf("server received>> %s \n",msgbuf);
                           printf("\t\treceived message success ----totally received %d bytes messages\n",len);

                        }else{
                              if(len ==0)
                                    printf("client exited\n");
                              else
                                    printf("receive error,errno=%d error information:%s",errno,strerror(errno));
                              return ;
                        }
                        break;
            }
         }
      }//for
}//while
}
void sig_chld(int signum)
{
pid_t pid;
int status;

printf("recived SIGCHLD,child process exited,");
while((pid = waitpid(-1,&status,WNOHANG))>0){
         printf("pid =%d\n",pid);
      }
return;
}
/* server.c*/
#include"common_talk.h"
void usage(void)
{
fprintf(stderr,"\nmyserver usage:\n");
fprintf(stderr,"./myserver -p  -b  [-h]\n");
fprintf(stderr," -p server's port\n");\
fprintf(stderr," -b queue number of  pending  connections\n");
fprintf(stderr," -h how to use\n");
return;
}
void getmyopt(int *port, int *backlog,int argc, char *argv[])
{
char ch;
*port =0;
*backlog =0;

while( (ch=getopt(argc,argv,":p:b:h")) != -1 ){
      switch(ch){
         case 'p':
            *port = atoi(optarg);
            break;
         case 'b':
            *backlog = atoi(optarg);
            break;
         case 'h':
            usage();
            break;
         case ':':
            printf("%s:option -%c requires an argument\n",argv[0],optopt);
            exit(1);
         case '?':
            printf("%s:option -%c is an invalid argument\n",argv[0],optopt);
            exit(1);
      }
}
if(*port ==0 || *backlog==0){
      printf("option -p and -b must be given\n");
      usage();
      exit(1);
}
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
struct sockaddr_in srvaddr,cliaddr;
int sock_fd,new_fd;
int opt = 1,len;
int sin_size;
pid_t pid;
char hostname[20];
int status;
int n,ret;
int srvport,backlog;

getmyopt(&srvport,&backlog,argc,argv);

sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(sock_fd==-1){
      perror("socket\n");
      exit(1);
}
memset(&srvaddr,0x00,sizeof(srvaddr));
memset(&cliaddr,0x00,sizeof(cliaddr));
memset(msgbuf,0x00,sizeof(msgbuf));
srvaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
srvaddr.sin_port = htons(srvport);
srvaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);

len = sizeof(opt);
if(setsockopt(sock_fd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,&opt,len)  -a  [-h]\n");
fprintf(stderr," -p server's port\n");\
fprintf(stderr," -a server's address\n");
fprintf(stderr," -h how to use\n");
return;
}

void getmyopt(int *port, char *ip,int argc, char *argv[])
{
char ch;
*port =0;

while( (ch=getopt(argc,argv,":p:a:h")) != -1 ){
      switch(ch){
         case 'p':
            *port = atoi(optarg);
            break;
         case 'a':
            printf("optarg=%s\n",optarg);
            sprintf(ip,"%s",optarg);
            break;
         case 'h':
            usage();
            break;
         case ':':
            printf("%s:option -%c requires an argument\n",argv[0],optopt);
            exit(1);
         case '?':
            printf("%s:option -%c is an invalid argument\n",argv[0],optopt);
            exit(1);
      }
}
if(*port ==0 || *ip==0){
      printf("option -p and -a must be given\n");
      usage();
      exit(1);
}
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
struct sockaddr_in srvaddr;
int sockfd,new_fd;
int opt = 1,len;
int sin_size;
char ip[20];
int srvport;
int n;

memset(ip,0x00,20);
memset(&srvaddr,0x00,sizeof(srvaddr));

sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(sockfd==-1){
      perror("socket\n");
      exit(1);
}
getmyopt(&srvport,ip,argc,argv);
srvaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
srvaddr.sin_port = htons(srvport);
srvaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(sockfd==-1){
      perror("socket\n");
      exit(1);
}

len = sizeof(opt);
if(setsockopt(sockfd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,&opt,len) < 0){
      perror("setsockopt");
      exit(1);
}
printf("client socket initilize success\n");

if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&srvaddr,sizeof(struct sockaddr)) < 0){
      printf("connect:%s",strerror(errno));
      close(sockfd);
      exit(1);
}
printf("connect to a server success\n");
do_talk(sockfd);
close(sockfd);
}
主要知识点：
1.在命令行方式下的参数处理，使用getopt()函数可以处理短参数方式，如果参数后跟一个参数值，则optarg指向这个参数值，如果为无效参数，getopt返回“：”，如果需要跟一个参数值而没有跟，则返回“？”
可以使用getopt_long处理长参数方式。
2.网络中处理客户端通常采用多进程方式，采用select轮询，不过现在为支持大吞吐量好像使用epoll很好。
3.信号量的捕捉，通常是不建议在信号函数中使用printf等不可重入函数，例子只是为了演示。