JavaScript中的自定义错误

JavaScript gives us a set of 8 error objects, which are raised in a try/catch expression depending on the error type. They are:

JavaScript为我们提供了8个错误对象的集合，这些对象会根据错误类型在try / catch表达式中引发。 他们是：

• Error

  Error

• EvalError

  EvalError

• RangeError

  RangeError

• ReferenceError

  ReferenceError

• SyntaxError

  SyntaxError

• TypeError

  TypeError

• URIError

  URIError

I analyzed them all in the JavaScript errors tutorial.

我在JavaScript错误教程中对它们进行了分析。

Here I want to explain how to create your own custom errors by extending the base Error class:

在这里，我想解释如何通过扩展基本Error类来创建自己的自定义错误：

class OutOfFuelError extends Error {}

class FlatTireError extends Error {}

Custom errors allow you to behave differently based on the specific error type, without resorting to use error messages to understand the kind of error.

自定义错误使您可以根据特定的错误类型采取不同的行为，而无需借助错误消息来了解错误的类型。

try {
  //some code
} catch (err) {
  if (err instanceof OutOfFuelError) {
    //handle error
  } else if (err instanceof FlatTireError) {
    //handle error
  }
}

Before you can do so, of course the error must be explicitly thrown in your code:

当然，在执行此操作之前，必须在代码中明确抛出该错误：

try {
  const car = new Car() //imagine we have a Car object

  if (!car.fuel) {
    throw new OutOfFuelError('No fuel!')
  }
  if (car.flatTire) {
    throw new FlatTireError('Flat tire!')
  }
} catch (err) {
  if (err instanceof OutOfFuelError) {
    //handle error
  } else if (err instanceof FlatTireError) {
    //handle error
  }
}

During the error creation you can also customize anything related to the class, even customizing the parameters received by the constructor if you need:

在错误创建期间，您还可以自定义与类相关的任何内容，甚至在需要时还可以自定义构造函数收到的参数：

class OutOfFuelError extends Error {
  constructor(message) {
    super(message)
    this.name = "OutOfFuelError"
  } 
}

翻译自: https://flaviocopes.com/javascript-custom-errors/