java中的缓冲流和节点流_节点缓冲区

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-30 11:36:06 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-07-30 11:36:06 发布

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文章标签：可视化 java python js javascript ViewUI

原文链接：https://flaviocopes.com/node-buffers/

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java中的缓冲流和节点流

什么是缓冲区？ (What is a buffer?)

A buffer is an area of memory. JavaScript developers are not familiar with this concept, much less than C, C++ or Go developers (or any programmer that uses a system programming language), which interact with memory every day.

缓冲区是内存区域。 JavaScript开发人员对这个概念并不熟悉，比每天与内存交互的C，C ++或Go开发人员(或使用系统编程语言的任何程序员)要少得多。

It represents a fixed-size chunk of memory (can’t be resized) allocated outside of the V8 JavaScript engine.

它表示在V8 JavaScript引擎外部分配的固定大小的内存块(无法调整大小)。

You can think of a buffer like an array of integers, which each represent a byte of data.

您可以将缓冲区视为一个整数数组，每个整数代表一个数据字节。

It is implemented by the Node Buffer class.

它由Node Buffer类实现。

我们为什么需要缓冲液？ (Why do we need a buffer?)

Buffers were introduced to help developers deal with binary data, in an ecosystem that traditionally only dealt with strings rather than binaries.

在传统上仅处理字符串而不是二进制文件的生态系统中，引入了缓冲区以帮助开发人员处理二进制数据。

Buffers are deeply linked with streams. When a stream processor receives data faster than it can digest, it puts the data in a buffer.

缓冲区与流紧密相连。当流处理器接收数据的速度快于其消化速度时，它将数据放入缓冲区。

A simple visualization of a buffer is when you are watching a YouTube video and the red line goes beyond your visualization point: you are downloading data faster than you’re viewing it, and your browser buffers it.

当您观看YouTube视频时，缓冲区的简单可视化是红线超出了可视化点：您下载数据的速度比查看数据的速度快，并且浏览器会对数据进行缓冲。

如何创建缓冲区 (How to create a buffer)

A buffer is created using the Buffer.from(), Buffer.alloc(), and Buffer.allocUnsafe() methods.

使用Buffer.from() ， Buffer.alloc()和Buffer.allocUnsafe()方法创建一个缓冲区。

const buf = Buffer.from('Hey!')

You can also just initialize the buffer passing the size. This creates a 1KB buffer:

您也可以只初始化传递大小的缓冲区。这将创建一个1KB的缓冲区：

const buf = Buffer.alloc(1024)
//or
const buf = Buffer.allocUnsafe(1024)

使用缓冲区 (Using a buffer)

访问缓冲区的内容 (Access the content of a buffer)

A buffer, being an array of bytes, can be accessed like an array:

缓冲区(字节数组)可以像数组一样进行访问：

const buf = Buffer.from('Hey!')
console.log(buf[0]) //72
console.log(buf[1]) //101
console.log(buf[2]) //121

Those numbers are the Unicode Code that identifies the character in the buffer position (H => 72, e => 101, y => 121)

这些数字是Unicode代码，用于标识缓冲区位置中的字符(H => 72，e => 101，y => 121)

You can print the full content of the buffer using the toString() method:

您可以使用toString()方法打印缓冲区的全部内容：

console.log(buf.toString())

Notice that if you initialize a buffer with a number that sets its size, you’ll get access to pre-initialized memory that will contain random data, not an empty buffer!

请注意，如果使用设置大小的数字初始化缓冲区，您将可以访问将包含随机数据而不是空缓冲区的预初始化内存！

获取缓冲区的长度 (Get the length of a buffer)

Use the length property:

使用length属性：

const buf = Buffer.from('Hey!')
console.log(buf.length)

遍历缓冲区的内容 (Iterate over the contents of a buffer)

const buf = Buffer.from('Hey!')
for (const item of buf) {
  console.log(item) //72 101 121 33
}

更改缓冲区的内容 (Changing the content of a buffer)

You can write to a buffer a whole string of data by using the write() method:

您可以使用write()方法将整个数据字符串写入缓冲区：

const buf = Buffer.alloc(4)
buf.write('Hey!')

Just like you can access a buffer with an array syntax, you can also set the contents of the buffer in the same way:

就像可以使用数组语法访问缓冲区一样，您也可以使用相同的方式设置缓冲区的内容：

const buf = Buffer.from('Hey!')
buf[1] = 111 //o
console.log(buf.toString()) //Hoy!

复制缓冲区 (Copy a buffer)

Copying a buffer is possible using the copy() method:

使用copy()方法可以复制缓冲区：

const buf = Buffer.from('Hey!')
let bufcopy = Buffer.alloc(4) //allocate 4 bytes
buf.copy(bufcopy)

By default you copy the whole buffer. 3 more parameters let you define the starting position, the ending position, and the new buffer length:

默认情况下，您将复制整个缓冲区。另外3个参数可让您定义开始位置，结束位置和新的缓冲区长度：

const buf = Buffer.from('Hey!')
let bufcopy = Buffer.alloc(2) //allocate 2 bytes
buf.copy(bufcopy, 0, 2, 2)
bufcopy.toString() //'He'

切片缓冲区 (Slice a buffer)

If you want to create a partial visualization of a buffer, you can create a slice. A slice is not a copy: the original buffer is still the source of truth. If that changes, your slice changes.

如果要创建缓冲区的部分可视化，则可以创建切片。切片不是副本：原始缓冲区仍然是真相的来源。如果那改变了，您的切片也会改变。

Use the slice() method to create it. The first parameter is the starting position, and you can specify an optional second parameter with the end position:

使用slice()方法创建它。第一个参数是起始位置，您可以指定第二个参数作为结束位置：

const buf = Buffer.from('Hey!')
buf.slice(0).toString() //Hey!
const slice = buf.slice(0, 2)
console.log(slice.toString()) //He
buf[1] = 111 //o
console.log(slice.toString())