PostgreSQL vs MySQL，比较

In this post I want to make a high-level comparison of PostgreSQL and MySQL.

在本文中，我想对PostgreSQL和MySQL进行高层比较。

One of the main selling points of PostgreSQL is the license. PostgreSQL is Open Source, has the GPL license, and it is owned by the PostgreSQL Global Development Group community.

PostgreSQL主要卖点之一是许可证。 PostgreSQL是开放源代码，具有GPL许可证，由PostgreSQL全球开发集团社区拥有。

MySQL today is owned by Oracle, and has 2 difference licenses. One is open source, the other one is commercial. This does not mean that if you want to use MySQL for a commercial project you need to pay. The commercial license provides paid support and additional software built on top of MySQL, from Oracle.

今天MySQL由Oracle拥有，并拥有2个不同的许可证。 一种是开源的，另一种是商业的。 这并不意味着，如果你想使用MySQL的一个商业项目，你需要支付。 商业许可证提供了付费支持以及来自Oracle的基于MySQL的附加软件。

There is a fully Open Source fork of MySQL called MariaDB, which is much less popular in terms of usage and branding, because it does not have the same history of MySQL, but it’s an optimal drop-in replacement if you prefer MySQL but you are worried about licensing.

MySQL有一个名为MariaDB的完全开放源代码分支，在使用和品牌方面不那么受欢迎，因为它没有相同MySQL历史记录，但是如果您喜欢MySQL，但它是最佳的替代产品，但是您可以担心许可。

Let’s talk about features.

让我们谈谈功能。

More or less, the feature set of both MySQL and PostgreSQL is equivalent. One might do something that the other does not, but we’re talking about very advanced features that I’m not getting into here.

或多或少，MySQL和PostgreSQL功能集是等效的。 一个可能会做其他事情不能做的事情，但是我们正在谈论的是我不打算介绍的非常高级的功能。

Both are very advanced database management systems that have a long history.

两者都是非常悠久的高级数据库管理系统。

Both support the SQL standard (not completely, but a large portion) and add features on top of it. Both provide ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) compliance.

两者都支持SQL标准(不是完全，而是很大一部分)，并在其之上添加功能。 两者都提供ACID(原子性，一致性，隔离性，耐久性)合规性。

Both allow to easily create replication, both are very secure, both have a huge community around them for any problem you might have.

两者都可以轻松创建复制，两者都非常安全，并且它们周围都有庞大的社区，以解决您可能遇到的任何问题。

Both have a large set of tooling built around them.

两者都围绕着它们建立了大量的工具。

Which one should you choose? It’s hard to say.

您应该选择哪一个？ 很难说。

Unless you need one particular feature implemented in one and not implemented in the other, I would choose the one you are already familiar with.

除非您需要一个特定的功能在一个功能中实现而不在另一个功能中实现，否则我将选择您已经熟悉的功能。

For example, if you come from WordPress and have interacted with MySQL before, you can just stick to it (or MariaDB).

例如，如果您来自WordPress且以前与MySQL进行过交互，则可以坚持使用它(或MariaDB)。

It might also depend on the platform you want to deploy your software on. Heroku for example provides a built-in managed PostgreSQL cloud database as a service, which might be very convenient instead of managing your own database server.

它还可能取决于您要在其上部署软件的平台。 例如，Heroku提供了一个内置的托管PostgreSQL云数据库作为服务，这可能比管理您自己的数据库服务器非常方便。

翻译自: https://flaviocopes.com/postgres-vs-mysql/