本文介绍了如何在Ubuntu上利用CompizConfig Settings Manager(CCSM)来调整Unity桌面环境，包括安装CCSM、配置Unity、设置键盘快捷键、窗口切换器选项以及解决可能出现的问题。通过CCSM，用户可以自定义Unity的行为，如改变启动器的显示方式，调整Alt-Tab窗口切换器等。
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Ubuntu’s Unity desktop environment has customizable keyboard shortcuts and animations, but its options are all hidden. We’ll show you how to get started with the CompizConfig Settings Manager and point out some of Unity’s more interesting configuration options.
Ubuntu的Unity桌面环境具有可自定义的键盘快捷键和动画，但其选项均被隐藏。 我们将向您展示如何开始使用CompizConfig设置管理器，并指出一些Unity更有趣的配置选项。
The CompizConfig Settings Manager, available in Ubuntu’s software repositories, is like the About:Config page in Firefox. It contains a lot of options that can cause problems with Unity if used incorrectly. If you encounter a problem, you can reset Unity to its default state with a single command.
Ubuntu软件仓库中提供的CompizConfig设置管理器类似于Firefox中的About：Config页面。 它包含许多选项，如果使用不当，这些选项可能会导致Unity出现问题。 如果遇到问题，可以使用一个命令将Unity重置为其默认状态。
安装 (Installation)
The CompizConfig Settings Manager isn’t installed by default, but you can easily install it from Ubuntu’s Software Center. Just click the Ubuntu Software Center icon at the left side of your Ubuntu desktop to open it.
默认情况下未安装CompizConfig设置管理器，但是您可以从Ubuntu的软件中心轻松安装它。 只需单击Ubuntu桌面左侧的Ubuntu Software Center图标将其打开。
Search for the CompizConfig in the Ubuntu Software Center and you’ll see the CompizConfig Settings Manager application in the list. Click it, click the Install button and provide your password to download and install it.
在Ubuntu软件中心中搜索CompizConfig，您会在列表中看到CompizConfig Settings Manager应用程序。 单击它，单击“安装”按钮，然后提供密码以下载并安装它。
If you’re a terminal geek, you can also install CCSM by running the following command:
如果您是终端极客，还可以通过运行以下命令来安装CCSM：
sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager
sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager
启动CCSM (Launching CCSM)
CompizConfig Settings Manager appears in your applications menu after you install it. Just click the Dash home icon at the top left corner of your screen, type Compiz and press Enter to open it.
安装后，CompizConfig设置管理器将出现在应用程序菜单中。 只需单击屏幕左上角的Dash主页图标，键入Compiz，然后按Enter将其打开。
Scroll down to the Desktop section in the list of plugins and click the Ubuntu Unity Plugin to configure Unity.
向下滚动到插件列表中的“桌面”部分，然后单击Ubuntu Unity插件来配置Unity。
组态 (Configuration)
The Ubuntu Unity plugin has three different configuration panels. Configure Unity’s applications launcher on the behavior tab, its Alt-Tab window switcher on the switcher tab and everything else on the experimental tab. If you’re not sure what a setting does, you can hover your mouse cursor over it to see a tooltip with more information.
Ubuntu Unity插件具有三个不同的配置面板。 在行为选项卡上配置Unity的应用程序启动器，在切换器选项卡上配置其Alt-Tab窗口切换器，并在实验选项卡上配置其他所有功能。 如果不确定设置的作用，可以将鼠标指针悬停在该设置上以查看带有更多信息的工具提示。
Many of these options won’t take effect until you log out and log back in, so don’t be surprised if the options don’t appear to work at first.
这些选项中的许多选项只有在您注销并重新登录后才会生效，因此，如果这些选项一开始似乎不起作用，请不要感到惊讶。
行为选项 (Behavior Options)
Do you hate the way Unity’s launcher slides on and off the screen as you move windows around? Well, just click the Hide Launcher box and select Never to have it always stay on the screen.
您是否讨厌在移动窗口时Unity的启动器在屏幕上滑动的方式？ 好吧，只需单击“隐藏启动器”框，然后选择“从不”，使其始终停留在屏幕上。
The super key (also known as the Windows key) opens Unity’s dash by default, but you can use any key or combination of keys. Just click the “Key to Show the Launcher” box and provide a new keyboard shortcut. Click the Grab Keyboard Shortcut button in the window that appears and type the shortcut.
超级键(也称为Windows键)默认情况下会打开Unity的破折号，但您可以使用任何键或键组合。 只需单击“显示启动器的键”框，然后提供新的键盘快捷键。 单击出现的窗口中的“抓取键盘快捷方式”按钮，然后键入快捷方式。
切换台选项 (Switcher Options)
Most of the options on the switcher tab just control keyboard shortcuts. You can change any of the keyboard shortcuts or even disable one by clicking its button and unchecking the Enabled checkbox.
切换器选项卡上的大多数选项仅控制键盘快捷键。 您可以更改任何键盘快捷键，甚至可以通过单击其按钮并取消选中已启用复选框来禁用键盘快捷键。
Some of the other options here may also be interesting — if you’re a heavy user of multiple workspaces, you can click the “Bias alt-tab sorting to prefer windows on the current viewport” checkbox. Unity’s window switcher will cluster windows from workspaces together if you enable this option.
这里的其他一些选项也可能很有趣-如果您是多个工作区的重度用户，则可以单击“按alt键排序以偏爱当前视口上的窗口”复选框。 如果启用此选项，则Unity的窗口切换器会将来自工作区的窗口聚集在一起。
实验选项 (Experimental Options)
The experimental tab contains every option that just doesn’t fit on another tab.
实验性标签包含所有其他标签都不适合的选项。
The Backlight Mode options lets you select the type of graphical effect used for application icons in Unity. It’s set to Backlight Always On by default, which means that Unity’s application icons always have a glow behind them. You can select Backlight Toggles instead if you only want running application icons to glow, making them stand out. The Edge Illumination option does what it sounds like; you’ll see an glowing border around the application icon instead of a glow behind it.
背光模式选项使您可以选择用于Unity中应用程序图标的图形效果的类型。 默认情况下，它设置为Backlight Always On，这意味着Unity的应用程序图标始终在其后面发光。 如果只希望运行的应用程序图标发光，使它们脱颖而出，则可以选择“背光切换”。 “边缘照明”选项听起来像什么。 您会在应用程序图标周围看到一个发光的边框，而不是它后面的发光。
You can also customize the animations Unity uses here. Application icons pulse when you click them, but you can click the Launch Animation box and select Blink if you want them to blink instead. Application icons that want your attention, such as Ubuntu’s update manager, use a wiggling animation by default. Click the Urgent Animation box and select None to disable this animation entirely, or click Pulse to select a less attention-grabbing animation.
您还可以在此处自定义Unity使用的动画。 单击它们时，应用程序图标会跳动，但是如果您希望它们闪烁，则可以单击“启动动画”框并选择“闪烁”。 默认情况下，需要引起您注意的应用程序图标(例如Ubuntu的更新管理器)使用摆动的动画。 单击“紧急动画”框，然后选择“无”以完全禁用此动画，或者单击“脉冲”以选择不太引起注意的动画。
故障排除 (Troubleshooting)
The CompizConfig Settings Manager is a powerful application and some users have reported it breaking their desktop configurations. If you encounter problems after tweaking your setup with CompizConfig, you can reset Unity to its default settings with a single command. Just press Alt-F2 or open a terminal and type the following command:
CompizConfig设置管理器是一个功能强大的应用程序，一些用户报告说它破坏了他们的桌面配置。 如果使用CompizConfig调整设置后遇到问题，则可以使用单个命令将Unity重置为其默认设置。 只需按Alt-F2或打开终端并输入以下命令：
unity –reset
统一–重置
Hopefully, we’ll see Ubuntu move some of the more useful configuration options into a user-friendly configuration tool soon. Until then, we’ll have to make do with CCSM.
希望我们会看到Ubuntu很快将一些更有用的配置选项转移到用户友好的配置工具中。 在此之前，我们将不得不使用CCSM。
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