云计算概念_云计算的概念

云计算概念

云计算的概念 (Concept of Cloud Computing)

The concept of cloud computing refers to the use of memory and storage capacities and computation of shared computers and servers and networked through the Internet, following the principle of grid computing.

云计算的概念是指遵循网格计算原理，使用内存和存储容量以及共享计算机和服务器的计算，并通过Internet进行联网。

Data storage is done on services that may be erased from anywhere in the world, anytime, with no need for installing software or store data x. Access to programs, services and remote files is via the Internet – hence the allusion to the cloud. The use of this model (environment) is more feasible than the use of physical units.

数据存储是在可以随时随地从世界各地擦除的服务上完成的，而无需安装软件或存储数据x。 可以通过Internet访问程序，服务和远程文件，因此对云也很有意义。 该模型(环境)的使用比物理单位的使用更为可行。

An operating system available on the Internet from any computer, anywhere, can access information, files and programs into a single system platform independent. The minimum requirement is a compatible computer with available resources on the Internet. The PC becomes just a chip connected to the Internet – the “great cloud” of computers – and needed only the input devices (keyboard, mouse) and output (monitor).

Internet上可以从任何地方的任何计算机上使用的操作系统，可以将信息，文件和程序访问到独立的单个系统平台中。 最低要求是具有Internet上可用资源的兼容计算机。 PC只是连接到Internet的芯片，即计算机的“巨大云”，仅需要输入设备(键盘，鼠标)和输出(显示器)。

争技术 (Race for technology)

Companies like Google, IBM and Microsoft were the first to launch a major offensive in this “cloud of information” (information cloud), which experts consider a “new frontier of the digital age.” Gradually, this technology will no longer be used only in laboratories to infiltrate the enterprise, and soon, on home computers.

像Google，IBM和Microsoft这样的公司率先对这种“信息云”(信息云)发动大规模攻势，专家们认为这是“数字时代的新领域”。 逐渐地，这项技术将不再仅在实验室中用于渗透企业，不久后将在家用计算机中使用。

The first service on the Internet to offer an operating environment for users – formerly available at www.webos.org – was created by a Swedish student, Fredrik Malmer, the languages using XHTML and JavaScript. Nowadays, the term AJAX is used to define the use of these two languages in the creation of Internet services.

互联网上的第一个为用户提供操作环境的服务(以前可以从www.webos.org获得)是由瑞典学生Fredrik Malmer创建的，该语言使用XHTML和JavaScript。 如今，术语AJAX用于定义在创建Internet服务时对这两种语言的使用。

In 1999 he was created in the U.S. enterprise WebOS Inc., which bought the system and Fredrik licensed a number of technologies developed at universities in Texas, California and Duke. The initial goal was to create a complete operating environment, including the API for the development of other applications.

1999年，他在美国企业WebOS Inc.中创建，WebOS Inc.购买了该系统，Fredrik许可了得克萨斯州，加利福尼亚州和杜克大学的许多技术开发。 最初的目标是创建一个完整的操作环境，包括用于开发其他应用程序的API。

Google has embarked on a cloud in 2002, with word processing software, spreadsheets, email and calendars, all designed to be used online, without needing to download to your computer.

Google于2002年开始使用云技术，其文字处理软件，电子表格，电子邮件和日历都可以在线使用，而无需下载到您的计算机。

类型学 (Typology)

Currently, Cloud Computing is divided into five types:

当前， 云计算分为五种类型：

• IaaS – Infrastructure as a Service or Infrastructure as a Service: when using a percentage of a server, usually setting that fits your need.
  IaaS –基础架构即服务或基础架构即服务：使用一定百分比的服务器时，通常会根据您的需要进行设置。
• PaaS – Platform as a Service and Platform as a Service: using only one platform as a database, a web-service, etc.. (E.g.: Windows Azure).
  PaaS –平台即服务和平台即服务：仅使用一个平台作为数据库，Web服务等。(例如：Windows Azure)。
• DaaS – Development as a Service or Development as a Service: development tools take form in the cloud and shared tools, development tools and web-based services based mashup.
  DaaS –开发即服务或开发即服务：开发工具采用云形式，并且共享工具，开发工具和基于Web的基于mashup的服务。
• SaaS – Software as a Service or Software as a Service: use of a software system for use on the Web (eg Google Docs, Microsoft Sharepoint Online).
  SaaS –软件即服务或软件即服务：使用要在Web上使用的软件系统(例如Google Docs，Microsoft Sharepoint Online)。
• CaaS – Communication as a Service or Communications as a Service: use of a Unified Communications solution hosted in Data Center provider or manufacturer (eg: Siemens Enterprise, Powerball).
  CaaS –通信即服务或通信即服务：使用数据中心提供商或制造商(例如：Siemens Enterprise，Powerball)中托管的统一通信解决方案。

云计算–优势 (Cloud Computing – Advantages)

The greatest advantage of cloud computing is the ability to use software without it installed on your computer. But there are other advantages:

云计算的最大优势是无需安装在计算机上即可使用软件的能力。 但是还有其他优点：

In most cases the user need not worry about the hardware and operating system you are using on your personal computer and can access their data in the “cloud” regardless of that;

在大多数情况下，用户无需担心您在个人计算机上使用的硬件和操作系统，并且无论如何都可以访问“云”中的数据；

The corporate work and file sharing become easier, since all information are in the same “place”, or “cloud computing”;

由于所有信息都位于同一“位置”或“云计算”中，因此企业工作和文件共享变得更加容易。

The user has better control of expenses to use applications because most systems cloud computing applications provides for free and not free when they are paid only for time of use of resources. It is not necessary to pay for a full license to use software;

用户可以更好地控制使用应用程序的费用，因为大多数系统云计算应用程序提供的是免费的，而并非仅在为使用资源而付费时才免费。 无需支付使用软件的完整许可；

The infrastructure needed for a solution of cloud computing is much leaner than a traditional solution for hosting or colocation, consuming less power, cooling and physical space and thus contributing to the preservation and rational use of natural resources.

云计算解决方案所需的基础架构比用于托管或托管的传统解决方案要精简得多，消耗的功率，散热和物理空间更少，从而有助于自然资源的保存和合理使用。

In general, service platform is an evolution of outsourcing in the IT field. Most companies do not have as core IT management, so that shows consistent hiring a robust platform to support external processes such as business management, payments and receipts, database, product development (such as rendering video , CAD, etc..) supporting services (BI, data processing, etc.). and more. In this case, IT becomes an effective tool to support the business, namely customer focus is information and not how it is maintained and processed.

通常，服务平台是IT领域外包的发展。 大多数公司没有以IT为核心的管理，因此显示出始终如一地雇用一个强大的平台来支持外部流程，例如业务管理，付款和收据，数据库，产品开发(例如渲染视频，CAD等)。 BI，数据处理等)。 和更多。 在这种情况下，IT成为支持业务的有效工具，即以客户为中心是信息，而不是信息的维护和处理方式。

Even for IT organizations, there are advantages. “IT organizations today spend 80% of their time with the maintenance of systems, not your business goal is to keep data and applications running. It is money thrown away, which is unacceptable today, “argues Clifton Ashley, director of Google for Latin America.

即使对于IT组织，也有优势。 “如今，IT组织将80％的时间用于系统维护，而不是您的业务目标是保持数据和应用程序运行。 Google拉丁美洲负责人克利夫顿·阿什利(Clifton Ashley)认为，这笔钱被扔掉了，今天是无法接受的。

It is a big market trend, mainly by cost control, as currently most companies do not know how much is spent on IT, or how much could be saved. Taking for example a marketing company: the production of 3D animation and special effects requires a large amount of computer processing. Usually this is accomplished within the constraints of the workstation from the artist himself, consuming many hours or even days, decreasing productivity and extending the project schedule. The use of cloud computing allow completion of work in a drastically reduced time (a few hours or minutes) without major investment in a processing platform compatible with the work. The cost is proportional to the time of using the service or is the cost of a subscription.

这是一个很大的市场趋势，主要是通过成本控制，因为当前大多数公司都不知道在IT上花费了多少，或者可以节省多少。 以一家营销公司为例：3D动画和特殊效果的制作需要大量的计算机处理。 通常，这是在艺术家本人的工作站限制内完成的，需要花费数小时甚至数天，从而降低了工作效率并延长了项目进度。 云计算的使用可以在大大减少的时间(几小时或几分钟)内完成工作，而无需在与工作兼容的处理平台上进行大量投资。 费用与使用服务的时间成正比，或者是订阅的费用。

Cloud Computing – Questions

云计算–问题

Cloud architecture is much more than just a set (albeit massive) of interconnected servers. Requires a management infrastructure of this large flow of data, including functions for provisioning and sharing of computational resources, dynamic balance of workload and performance monitoring.

云架构不仅仅是一组(尽管很庞大)互连服务器。 需要具有如此大数据流的管理基础结构，包括用于提供和共享计算资源，动态平衡工作负载和性能监视的功能。

Although the news has been gaining space, it is still early to say if will work or not. The files are stored on the web and the programs put in cloud computing – and not the computers themselves – are free and accessible from anywhere. But the idea that “everything belongs to everybody belongs to nobody and nobody ‘is not always a good point. The most critical factor is safety, considering that the data are “online” all the time.

尽管这个新闻已经获得了发展，但是现在说是否可行还为时过早。 这些文件存储在Web上，放在云计算中的程序(而不是计算机本身)是免费的，并且可以从任何地方访问。 但是，“一切都属于所有人”的想法并不总是一个好主意。 考虑到数据始终“在线”，最关键的因素是安全性。

云计算–当前系统 (Cloud Computing – Current Systems)

The operating systems for Internet most used are:

Internet上最常用的操作系统是：

• YouOS: WebShaka developed by the company creates a work environment inspired by modern operating systems and uses the JavaScript language to perform operations. It has a feature similar to hibernation in MS-Windows XP, the user can save the workspace with the current setup, exit the system and recover the same configuration later. This system also allows sharing of files among users. Furthermore, it has an API for developing new applications, and already there is a list of over 700 programs available. Closed by the developers in July 30, 2008;
  YouOS：该公司开发的WebShaka创建了一个受现代操作系统启发的工作环境，并使用JavaScript语言执行操作。 它具有与MS-Windows XP中的Hibernate类似的功能，用户可以使用当前设置保存工作区，退出系统并稍后恢复相同的配置。 该系统还允许用户之间共享文件。 此外，它具有用于开发新应用程序的API，并且已经有700多种程序可供使用。 开发商于2008年7月30日关闭；
• Desktoptwo: Sapotek developed by the company, has as a prerequisite the presence of utility Flash Player to be used. The system was developed to provide all necessary services to users, making the Internet the primary work environment. It uses the PHP language as the basis for the applications available and also has an API, called Sapodesk for the development of new applications. Closed by developers;
  Desktoptwo：由该公司开发的Sapotek，具有要使用的实用程序Flash Player的先决条件。 开发该系统是为了向用户提供所有必要的服务，从而使Internet成为主要的工作环境。 它使用PHP语言作为可用应用程序的基础，并且具有一个称为Sapodesk的API，用于开发新应用程序。 被开发人员关闭；
• G.ho.st: This acronym stands for “Global Hosted Operating System (Operating System Available Globally) has the differential in relation to others the possibility of integration with other services such as Google Docs, Meebo, ThinkFree, among others, and to support multiple languages;
  G.ho.st：此首字母缩写词代表“全球托管操作系统(全球可用的操作系统)与其他方面存在差异，与其他服务(例如Google Docs，Meebo，ThinkFree等)集成并支持其他服务的可能性多种语言；
• EyeOS: This system is being developed by a community called eyeOS Team and have the source code open to the public. The goal of developers is to create an environment with greater compatibility with existing applications, MS Office and OpenOffice. It has a comprehensive suite of applications, and its development is mostly done using the PHP language.
  EyeOS：该系统由一个名为eyeOS Team的社区开发，其源代码向公众开放。 开发人员的目标是创建一个与现有应用程序，MS Office和OpenOffice更高兼容性的环境。 它具有一整套应用程序，其开发主要使用PHP语言完成。

Study: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons.

研究：来自维基百科，免费的百科全书。 该文本可在“ 知识共享”下找到 。

翻译自: https://www.eukhost.com/blog/webhosting/concept-of-cloud-computing/

云计算概念