treble_Android上的Project Treble是什么，我的手机会收到吗？

treble

Non-consistent updates on Android devices have plagued the platform since its initial rise to popularity. Project Treble is Google’s plan to help manufacturers streamline the update process for more timely updates.

自从平台开始流行以来，Android设备上的不一致更新一直困扰着该平台。 Google的计划Treble是帮助制造商简化更新过程以进行更及时更新的计划。

Android碎片是问题 (Android Fragmentation is the Problem)

One of the biggest complaints against Android as an operating system is something generally referred to as “fragmentation.” The traditional definition is “the process of being broken into small or separate parts,” which directly translates to its negative connotation for Android: there are eight different versions of Android currently in the wild, still in use on various types of hardware.

对于Android作为操作系统的最大抱怨之一就是通常所说的“碎片化”。 传统的定义是“分解为小部分或单独的部分的过程”，这直接转化为它对Android的负面含义：目前有八种不同版本的Android，但仍在各种硬件上使用。

The standard here is, of course, set by Apple with the iPhone. Where Android’s most prolific version is the nearly two-year-old Android 7.x (Nougat), nearly three-quarters of all iOS devices are running the latest version (iOS 11).

当然，这里的标准是由Apple与iPhone一起设置的。 Android最多产的版本是已经使用了将近两年的Android 7.x(Nougat)，而所有iOS设备中有近四分之三都在运行最新版本(iOS 11)。

Source: Google

资料来源： 谷歌

By comparison, Android’s distribution numbers are grim, with 28.1 percent of phones running Android 6.x (Marshmallow), and 28.5 percent on Android 7.x (Nougat)—that means over half of the Android phones out there are running a nearly-two-year-old operating system. A meager 1.1 percent are running the latest version—Android 8.x (Oreo). To put it even more bluntly, over 98 percent of Android devices are running outdated software—over 36 percent are running five year old (or older) software. Ouch!

相比之下，Android的发行量却很严峻：运行Android 6.x(棉花糖)的手机占28.1％，运行Android 7.x(牛轧糖)的手机占28.5％，这意味着一半以上的Android手机都在运行-已有两年历史的操作系统。 仅有1.1％的人运行最新版本-Android 8.x(Oreo)。 坦率地说，超过98％的Android设备运行的软件已过时-超过36％的设备运行的是5年或更旧的软件。 哎哟!

Clearly, there’s a massive disconnect there. The reason for this is multi-faceted, unfortunately, but can generally be attributed to two key points: manufacturers and Google’s update cycle. We’ve gone into detail about this before, so I’ll save you all the details and just point you in that direction if you’re curious about how it’s the manufacturers’ fault.

显然，那里存在着巨大的脱节。 不幸的是，其原因是多方面的，但通常可以归因于两个关键点：制造商和Google的更新周期。 之前我们已经对此进行了详细介绍 ，因此，如果您对制造商的过错感到好奇，那么我将为您保存所有详细信息，并仅指出该方向。

高音计划就是答案 (Project Treble is the Answer)

The reason manufacturers have such a hard time pushing out prompt updates is because of all the work that has to go into getting the operating system to communicate with the hardware.

制造商之所以难以及时发布更新，是因为要使操作系统与硬件进行通信需要进行所有工作。

Traditionally, it worked something like this: the OS framework and low-level software were all part of the same code. So when the OS got updated, this low-level software–technically referred to as vendor implementation—also had to get updated. That’s a lot of work.

传统上，它的工作原理是这样的：OS框架和低级软件都是同一代码的一部分。 因此，当操作系统更新时，该低级软件(技术上称为供应商实施)也必须进行更新。 这是很多工作。

So, starting with Android 8.x (Oreo), Google separated the two. That means the Android OS itself can be updated without having to touch the vendor implementation. That, in turn, can be updated by itself if needed.

因此，从Android 8.x(Oreo)开始，Google将两者分开。 这意味着可以在不涉及供应商实施的情况下更新Android OS本身。 反过来，可以根据需要自行更新。

To put that in full context, before an update can be pushed out to an Android 7.x (or earlier) device, not only does the Android OS code have to be updated, but so does the low-level hardware code, which is generally maintained by the chip maker. So, for example, if Samsung wants to push an update to one of its phones, it has to wait for Qualcomm (or whoever made the chip) to update its code to work with the new Samsung code. That’s a lot of wheels turning at once, and each one is dependent on the other.

为了充分说明这一点，在将更新推送到Android 7.x(或更早版本)设备之前，不仅必须更新Android OS代码，而且还必须更新低级硬件代码，即通常由芯片制造商维护。 因此，例如，如果三星想将更新推送到其中一部手机，它必须等待高通公司(或制造该芯片的任何人)更新其代码以与新的三星代码一起使用。 那是很多轮子同时转动，而每个轮子都相互依赖。

With Android 8.x and beyond, it won’t be like this anymore. Since the core hardware code is separate from the OS code, device manufacturers will be free to update their software without having to wait for the silicon maker to also update its code.

在Android 8.x及更高版本中，将不再是这样。 由于核心硬件代码与OS代码是分开的，因此设备制造商可以自由更新其软件，而不必等待芯片制造商也更新其代码。

This should dramatically speed up the update process—in theory, at least. Updating devices will still be in the manufacturer’s hands, and since the first Oreo devices outside of the Google-maintained Pixel line are just now rolling out, we haven’t yet had a chance to fully see this in practice. Hopefully, it actually makes a significant change to the speed in which updates are written and pushed out.

至少从理论上讲，这应该极大地加快更新过程。 设备的更新仍将由制造商掌握，由于Google维护的Pixel系列之外的首批Oreo设备刚刚推出，因此我们还没有机会在实践中完全看到这一点。 希望它实际上对写入和推出更新的速度做出了重大更改。

我的设备将从Treble项目中受益吗？ (Will My Device Benefit from Project Treble?)

Now that’s the million dollar question, right? Unfortunately, the answer isn’t so simple (surely you didn’t expect it to be). That said, here are some facts:

现在是百万美元的问题，对不对？ 不幸的是，答案并不是那么简单(当然您没有想到它是肯定的)。 也就是说，这里有一些事实：

• If your device never gets updated to Oreo, it will never get Project Treble. No way around that. Sorry.
  如果您的设备从未更新到Oreo，则将永远不会获得Project Treble。 没办法解决。 抱歉。

• If your device does get updated to Oreo, it’s still not required to support Treble—that’s up to the manufacturer.

  如果您的设备确实更新为Oreo，则仍然不需要支持Treble，这取决于制造商。

• If you buy a new phone that runs Oreo out of the box, it is required to support Treble out of the box.

  如果您购买的是开箱即​​用的Oreo新手机， 则需要开箱即用地支持Treble。

In short: Treble support on updated systems is still up to the manufacturers, but new Oreo devices will be required to support Treble moving forward.

简而言之：更新系统的Treble支持仍由制造商决定，但是需要新的Oreo设备来支持Treble的发展。

So, for example, the Pixel 2 already supports Project Treble. The forthcoming Galaxy S9 will also support Treble out of the box. Google also updated the Pixel 1 to support Treble, but it’s unfortunately it looks like Samsung left it out of the Oreo build for the Galaxy S8.

因此，例如，Pixel 2已经支持Project Treble。 即将推出的Galaxy S9也将开箱即用地支持Treble。 谷歌还更新了Pixel 1以支持Treble，但不幸的是，三星似乎将其排除在了Galaxy S8的Oreo版本之外。

If you’re curious about your own device, Android Police has a running list of all devices that will get Treble support, as well as a which ones will get updated to Oreo without Treble.

如果您对自己的设备感到好奇， Android Police会列出所有将获得Treble支持的设备的运行清单 ，以及哪些设备将在没有 Treble的情况下更新到Oreo。

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Android OS updates have been a constant point of contention for many years now, so it’s good to see Google finally addressing the issue. With any luck, this will put all Android devices closer to parity with Apple in terms of device updates.

多年来，Android OS更新一直是争论的焦点，因此很高兴看到Google最终解决了这个问题。 幸运的是，这将使所有Android设备在设备更新方面更接近于Apple。

Image Credit: Google

图片来源： Google

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/344590/what-is-project-treble-on-android-and-will-my-phone-get-it/

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