SQL Server连接面试SQL Server数据库管理员问答

In this article, we will discuss a number of questions that you may be asked while being interviewed for a SQL Server Database Administrator (DBA) position. These questions will concentrate on the SQL Server connectivity concept, components, configurations, and troubleshooting.

在本文中，我们将讨论在面试SQL Server数据库管理员（DBA）职位时可能会问到的许多问题。 这些问题将集中在SQL Server连接概念，组件，配置和疑难解答上。

• Note: To learn more about Performance tuning as a DBA skill, please read this article: Why SQL Performance Tuning is the Most Important Database Management Skill to Have

  注意 ：要了解有关作为DBA技能进行性能调优的更多信息，请阅读本文： 为什么SQL性能调优是最重要的数据库管理技能

Q1: As a SQL Server database administrator, what is the main tool that you can use to perform the SQL Server network configuration changes?

Q1：作为SQL Server数据库管理员，可用于执行SQL Server网络配置更改的主要工具是什么？

The SQL Server Configuration Manager.

SQL Server配置管理器。

Q2: As a SQL Server database administrator, what do you think the main role that the SQL Server Browser Service plays?

问题2：作为SQL Server数据库管理员，您认为SQL Server浏览器服务扮演的主要角色是什么？

The SQL Server Browser Service helps the client who is trying to connect to the SQL Server instance in identifying the list of SQL Server instances installed on that machine and the ports that these instances are listening on.

SQL Server浏览器服务可帮助尝试连接到SQL Server实例的客户端识别安装在该计算机上SQL Server实例列表以及这些实例正在侦听的端口。

Q3: As a SQL Server database administrator, you are consulted to clarify why it is preferred to configure the SQL Server to listen on a static TCP/IP port instead of using a dynamic port?

问题3：作为SQL Server数据库管理员，您需要咨询您以澄清为什么首选将SQL Server配置为在静态TCP / IP端口上侦听而不是使用动态端口吗？

When you configure the SQL Server to listen on dynamic ports, the port will be changed automatically each time the SQL Server instance restarted, enforcing you to change the firewall rules configuration continuously to allow connection from that new port or open a wide range of ports in the firewall configurations, which is risky from a security perspective.

将SQL Server配置为侦听动态端口时，每次重新启动SQL Server实例时，该端口都会自动更改，从而强制您不断更改防火墙规则配置，以允许从该新端口进行连接或在其中打开各种端口。防火墙配置，从安全角度来看这是有风险的。

Q4: You are a SQL Server database administrator in a company, and you are configuring the firewall rules on the Windows Server that is hosting your SQL Server. What are the ports that should be considered in the firewall rules, in order to allow connections to the following SQL Server components?

问题4：您是一家公司中SQL Server数据库管理员，并且正在承载SQL Server的Windows Server上配置防火墙规则。 为了允许连接到以下SQL Server组件，防火墙规则中应考虑哪些端口？

• SQL Server Engine default instance: (TCP port 1433)
  SQL Server Engine默认实例：（TCP端口1433）
• Dedicated Admin Connection: (TCP port 1434)
  专用管理员连接：（TCP端口1434）
• SQL Server Browser Service: (UDP port 1434)
  SQL Server浏览器服务：（UDP端口1434）
• Database Mirroring: (No default, but the commonly used is TCP port 5022)
  数据库镜像：（无默认值，但常用的是TCP端口5022）
• SQL Server Analysis Services: (TCP port 2383)
  SQL Server Analysis Services：（TCP端口2383）
• Reporting Services Web Services: (TCP port 80)
  Reporting Services Web服务：（TCP端口80）
• Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator: (TCP port 135)
  Microsoft分布式事务处理协调器：（TCP端口135）

Q5: As a SQL Server database administrator, you are requested to prevent a client who is trying to search for a SQL Server instance, using the “Connect to Server” Browse button, from seeing that instance. How could you achieve that?

问题5：作为SQL Server数据库管理员，要求您阻止试图使用“连接到服务器”浏览按钮搜索SQL Server实例的客户端看到该实例。 你怎么能做到？

We ca