nifi apache_如何使用Apache NiFi，MiNiFi，C2 Server，MQTT和Raspberry Pi构建IIoT系统

nifi apache

by Abdelkrim Hadjidj

通过Abdelkrim Hadjidj

如何使用Apache NiFi，MiNiFi，C2 Server，MQTT和Raspberry Pi构建IIoT系统 (How to build an IIoT system using Apache NiFi, MiNiFi, C2 Server, MQTT and Raspberry Pi)

How long do you think it takes to build an advanced Industrial IoT prototype that can:

您认为构建一个先进的工业物联网原型需要多长时间：

• Collect data from sensors to a gateway at every factory
  从传感器收集数据到每个工厂的网关
• Move sensors data from one or several factories to the Cloud or the Data Center
  将传感器数据从一个或多个工厂移至云端或数据中心
• Automatically Warm-Deploy new configurations to all the edge devices
  自动将新配置热部署到所有边缘设备
• Support large scale data volume and end-to-end security
  支持大规模数据量和端到端安全性

With the right tool, you can build such system in less than one hour! In this blog post, I’ll show you how to implement an advanced IIoT prototype using Raspberry Pi hardware and open source softwares (MQTT broker, Apache NiFi, MiNiFi and MiNiFi C2 Server). I’ll focus on the architecture, the connectivity, the data collection and the automatic re-configuration.

使用正确的工具，您可以在不到一小时的时间内构建这样的系统！ 在此博客文章中，我将向您展示如何使用Raspberry Pi硬件和开源软件(MQTT代理，Apache NiFi，MiNiFi和MiNiFi C2 Server)实现高级IIoT原型。 我将专注于体系结构，连接性，数据收集和自动重新配置。

This article is meant to be the beginning of a series of articles on IoT. Edge processing and data analysis will be the subject of following articles, so stay tuned :)

本文旨在作为有关IoT的一系列文章的开始。 边缘处理和数据分析将是以下文章的主题，请继续关注:)

工业物联网架构 (Industrial IoT architecture)

There are plenty of IoT reference architectures. Often, in industrial settings, you don’t have direct access to sensors and control systems. A gateway is used to bridge the OT and the IT world. For this reason, IIoT architecture often includes edge devices, gateways, regional hubs and finally storage/processing systems.

有很多物联网参考架构。 通常，在工业环境中，您无法直接访问传感器和控制系统。 网关用于桥接OT和IT世界。 因此，IIoT体系结构通常包括边缘设备，网关，区域中心和最终的存储/处理系统。

The following picture shows the global architecture of our system and the software tools that we will use at each level.

下图显示了我们系统的全局体系结构以及将在每个级别使用的软件工具。

At the edge level, sensors collect information on the digital world and send them to a gateway through a variety of wired and wireless protocols (Serial, RS-485, MODBUS, CAN bus, OPC UA, BLE, WiFi, and so on). In our example, we will use various sensors (light, temperature, cameras, accelerometers, and so on) that send data to the gateway via WiFi.

在边缘级别 ，传感器收集数字世界中的信息，并通过各种有线和无线协议(串行，RS-485，MODBUS，CAN总线，OPC UA，BLE，WiFi等)将其发送到网关。 在我们的示例中，我们将使用各种传感器(光线，温度，摄像机，加速度计等)通过WiFi将数据发送到网关。

The gateway is a Raspberry Pi running a Mosquitto Broker and a MiNiFi agent. Mosquitto is an Open Source, lightweight messaging broker that we use to expose sensor data through the MQTT protocol. MQTT has a minimal footprint which makes it suitable for IoT applications and ressource constrained hardware, such as phones or microcontrollers.

网关是运行Mosquitto Broker和MiNiFi代理的Raspberry Pi。 Mosquitto是一个开源的轻量级消息代理，我们使用它通过MQTT协议公开传感器数据。 MQTT的占地面积极小，使其适合于IoT应用程序和资源受限的硬件，例如电话或微控制器。

Apache MiNiFi — a subproject of Apache NiFi — is a light-weight agent that implements the core features of Apache NiFi, focusing on data collection at the edge.

Apache MiNiFi是Apache NiFi的子项目，是一种轻量级代理，它实现了Apache NiFi的核心功能，着重于边缘数据的收集。

MiNiFi design goals are: small size and low resource consumption, central management of agents, and edge intelligence. MiNiFi can be easily integrated with NiFi through Site-to-Site protocol (S2S) to build an end-to-end flow management solution which is scalable, secure, and provides full chain of custody of information (provenance).

MiNiFi的设计目标是：体积小，资源消耗低，代理的集中管理和边缘智能。 通过站点到站点协议(S2S)，可以轻松地将MiNiFi与NiFi集成，以构建可扩展，安全并提供完整信息保管(来源)的端到端流管理解决方案。

In our system, MiNiFi will subscribe to all the topics of the Mosquitto broker, and forward every new message to NiFi at the Regional level. We can also use it to connect to SCADA system or any other OT data provider.

在我们的系统中，MiNiFi将订阅Mosquitto经纪人的所有主题，并将