使命愿景_无需睁开眼睛就能看到编码的愿景-CSDN博客

使命愿景

I’m a coder. I’m also blind. Blind as a bat, you might say. And I was born this way. When I mention this to my fellow human beings — the ones who’ve never suffered any form of visual impairment — they usually ask one of following questions:

我是编码员。我也是瞎子你可能会说盲目像蝙蝠。我就是这样出生的。当我向人类同胞(从未遭受过任何形式的视力障碍的人)提及时，他们通常会提出以下问题之一：

Then, how can you even read what I’m typing?
然后，您什至不能阅读我输入的内容？
Wow. How are you even able to code?
哇。您甚至如何编码？
Or, the crowd favorite — Do you dream?
还是人群中的最爱-您梦想吗？

I get these questions again and again. So let me answer these three questions in this blog post. I’ll try and sketch out an image for those of you who are curious about accessibility, and how blind people use computers to code, and to do the work of the 21st century.

我一次又一次地得到这些问题。因此，让我在这篇博客文章中回答这三个问题。我将为那些对可访问性，盲人如何使用计算机进行编码以及进行21世纪工作的好奇的人绘制一张图像。

您什至不知道我在输入什么？ (How do you even know what I’m typing?)

I like this question, because it allows me to immediately explain how blind people actually use computers. A lot of people are under the impression that blind people require specially adapted computers in order to get anything done. Even some of my fellow Visually Impaired Persons (VIPs) tend to think this. Well let me debunk this myth right here and now. I am currently typing this on a normal Dell Inspiron 15r SE notebook, which can be bought in any laptop store that sells (somewhat less recent) laptops. The machine runs windows 8 (not my personal choice, but UEFI is too much of a pain to downgrade). All I did to adapt it was install an open-source screen reader called NVDA. A screen reader basically, at its most basic level — wait for it — reads the screen. It tells you the textual content of the screen with a synthesized text-to-speech Siri-like voice. Screen readers also allow for the use of a braille display, a device that consists of a line of refreshable braille cells that can form letters according to what content is highlighted on the screen.

我喜欢这个问题，因为它使我可以立即解释盲人如何实际使用计算机。许多人给人的印象是盲人需要专门改装的计算机才能完成任何事情。甚至我的一些视觉障碍者(VIP)都倾向于这样认为。好吧，现在让我揭穿这个神话。我目前在普通的Dell Inspiron 15r SE笔记本电脑上键入此信息，可以在任何销售(有些较新的)笔记本电脑的笔记本电脑商店中购买。该机器运行Windows 8(不是我个人的选择，但是UEFI很难降级)。我要做的就是安装一个名为NVDA的开源屏幕阅读器。屏幕阅读器基本上在其最基本的级别上(等待)读取屏幕。它通过合成的类似语音的Siri语音告诉您屏幕的文本内容。屏幕阅读器还允许使用盲文显示器，该设备由一行可刷新的盲文单元组成，这些盲文单元可以根据屏幕上突出显示的内容来形成字母。

This is really all the adaptation a blind computer user needs. Using this program, I can do many things you probably wouldn’t imagine being able to do with your eyes closed, such as:

这实际上是盲人计算机用户需要的所有适应措施。使用此程序，我可以做很多您可能无法想象的事情，例如：

Browsing the web using Firefox
使用Firefox浏览网页
Writing up reports in Microsoft Word, then marking them up to conform to college professors’ stringent layout demands.
用Microsoft Word编写报告，然后将其标记为符合大学教授严格的布局要求。
Writing up snazzy blog posts like this one
撰写像这样的时髦博客文章
Recording, editing, mixing and publishing audio (My hobbies include singing and making music)
记录，编辑，混合和发布音频(我的爱好包括唱歌和制作音乐)
Using audio production apps like Reaper, Goldwave, Audacity and Sonar
使用诸如Reaper，Goldwave，Audacity和Sonar之类的音频制作应用
Coding websites and applications using Eclipse, (the ironically named) Visual Studio, and good old NotePad++
使用Eclipse(具有讽刺意味的名称)Visual Studio和良好的旧NotePad ++对网站和应用程序进行编码

The reason I’m naming all these mainstream technologies is to show you that I can use them just like people who aren’t ocularly challenged. If you’re writing the next big application, with a stunning UI and a great workflow, I humbly ask you to consider accessibility as part of the equation. In this day and age, there’s really no reason not to use the UI toolkits available. It’s a lot easier than you may think. Yes, these include the Android Activities, iOS NsViews and HTML5 widgets you may be thinking of.

之所以命名所有这些主流技术，是为了向您展示我可以像没有受到视觉挑战的人们一样使用它们。如果您要编写具有出色的用户界面和出色的工作流程的下一个大型应用程序，我谦虚地请您将可访问性视为等式的一部分。在当今时代，确实没有理由不使用可用的UI工具包。这比您想象的要容易得多。是的，其中包括您可能在想的Android活动，iOS NsViews和HTML5小部件。

I joined Free Code Camp a few weeks back and really loved the concept. I’ve been pursuing a degree in Computer Science for the last few years, and had failed a semester that involved a lot of work with the MEAN stack. So I was really happy to find such an amazing community to be a part of and learn with. I’m sure I’ll pass my semester with flying colors this time. I sadly ran into accessibility issues when working through the by now famous Dash tutorials by General Assembly. The tutorials are undoubtedly good, but were completely unreadable for me because they chose to embed all their text in image slides that lack any textual description or content for screen readers to work with. Recall that screen readers read out textual content of the screen. They aren’t smart enough to interpret graphics. Fortunately, some fellow campers at the Free Code Camp were sympathetic towards my plight and volunteered to transcribe all these slides for me. This offer left me ‘flabbergasted’, as our dear western neighbors across the sea would say. I’m very grateful for the work these people have done to further my studying. You guys know who you are. Thanks a lot!

几周前我加入了Free Code Camp，并且非常喜欢这个概念。在过去的几年中，我一直在攻读计算机科学学位，但一个学期的学期不及格，涉及MEAN堆栈的大量工作。因此，我非常高兴能找到这样一个令人惊叹的社区，可以加入其中并与之学习。我确定这次我将以出色的成绩通过我的学期。在研究大会著名的Dash教程时，我遇到了可访问性问题。这些教程无疑是不错的，但是对我来说却是完全不可读的，因为它们选择将所有文本嵌入没有任何文字描述或内容供屏幕阅读器使用的图像幻灯片中。回想一下屏幕阅读器会读出屏幕上的文本内容。它们不够智能，无法解释图形。幸运的是，自由密码营的一些露营者对我的困境表示同情，并自愿为我录制所有这些幻灯片。正如我们亲爱的西方隔海相望的那样，这个提议使我“为之震惊”。我非常感谢这些人为促进我的学习所做的工作。你们知道你是谁。非常感谢！

但是……您如何编码？ (But …how do you code?)

If left paren x equals five right paren left brace print left paren quote hello world exclaim quote right paren right brace. This is how a typical if-block in a Java-ish programming language would be read to me. You can see that it’s rather verbose. I tend to turn off the notifications for parenthesis and brackets until I find I need to match brackets while debugging, so that I don’t go crazy from the rather wordy descriptions of these signs. Others have solved this problem by substituting the default ‘left brace’ for something like ‘lace’ or ‘begin’, just to save a few milliseconds. The rate of speech is extremely fast for people who aren’t used to it.

如果左括号x等于五个右括号左括号，则打印左括号引用hello world exclaim右括号右括号。这就是向我阅读Java-ish编程语言中典型的if块的方式。您会看到它很冗长。我倾向于关闭括号和方括号的通知，直到发现调试时需要匹配方括号为止，这样我就不会因为这些符号的冗长描述而发疯。其他人通过用默认的“左括号”代替“鞋带”或“开始”来解决此问题，仅节省了几毫秒。对于不习惯的人来说，语速非常快。

For those of you who can’t follow this, it’s my computer reading out the first bit of this very blog post that I’m writing in NotePad++. So, how I code doesn’t actually differ all that much from how others code. I’ve learned how to touch type, and mentally conceptualize my code so that I can work with it just like you guys do. The only difference is that I barely ever use a mouse for anything. I tend to stick with hotkeys and the command line instead. Sadly though, in this field, all is not well. Premier tools that coders use every day, like the IntelliJ editor, as well as all its offshoots (PHPStorm, WebStorm, PyCharm), are completely inaccessible, due simply to the fact that the developers of these programs have not adhered to the accessibility guidelines. They’ve failed to give screen readers textual labels or accessibility descriptions to work with. The same goes for applications like SourceTree, which is slowly getting better, but is still a pain to use. I therefore have to keep looking for tutorials, programs and tools that are accessible, and cannot simply pick up any off-the-shelf IDE.

对于那些无法理解的人来说，这是我的计算机读取我用NotePad ++编写的这篇博客文章的第一部分。因此，我的编码方式实际上与其他人的编码方式并没有太大不同。我已经学会了如何打字，并在思想上将代码概念化，以便我可以像你们一样使用它。唯一的区别是，我几乎没有用鼠标来做任何事情。我倾向于坚持使用热键和命令行。可悲的是，在这个领域，一切都不顺利。程序员每天都使用的高级工具(例如IntelliJ编辑器)及其所有分支(PHPStorm，WebStorm，PyCharm)完全无法访问，原因仅是这些程序的开发人员未遵守可访问性准则。他们没有为屏幕阅读器提供文本标签或可访问性描述。对于SourceTree之类的应用程序也是如此，尽管它逐渐变得更好，但仍然很难使用。因此，我必须继续寻找可访问的教程，程序和工具，而不能简单地选择任何现成的IDE。

你如何做梦？ (How do you dream?)

I promised to answer all three questions, so I’ll keep that promise. Don’t expect anything too resounding, though. I dream just like you guys do. My mind translates experiences and impulses I’ve received during the day into dreams I have at night. The difference being that I don’t actually see anything. Instead, I hear, smell and feel everything, just like in real life. The reason for this is simple: dreams based on visual imagery pull from your already stored visual knowledge to construct that visual imagery. Since I’ve been blind since birth, I have no visual frame of reference. The visual portion of my dreams run into a big fat 404 error: image not found.

我答应回答所有三个问题，所以我会兑现诺言。不过，不要指望有什么太大的响声。我梦想就像你们一样。我的思想将白天收到的经验和冲动转化为晚上的梦想。区别在于我实际上什么也看不到。相反，我听到，闻到并感觉到一切，就像在现实生活中一样。原因很简单：基于视觉图像的梦想会从您已经存储的视觉知识中提取出来，以构建该视觉图像。由于我从出生起就一直失明，所以我没有视觉参照系。我梦s以求的视觉部分遇到了一个严重的404错误：找不到图片。

跟我编码 (Code with me)

A Free Code Camp volunteer asked me to write this blog post to share my way of doing things with the world. After the welcome I’ve received from this community, I was all too happy to write this. I really hope you guys have learned something from it. I could talk about this for hours, and this article has already grown far longer than I initially planned. If you have questions, come find me in the Free Code Camp chatrooms. I am Zersiax there, and I can be found by that name on Twitter as well.

一位Free Code Camp志愿者要求我写这篇博客文章，与世界分享我的做事方式。在收到来自这个社区的欢迎之后，我很高兴写这篇文章。我真的希望你们从中学到了一些东西。我可以谈论几个小时，而且这篇文章的成长已经比我最初计划的要长得多。如有疑问，请在“免费代码营”聊天室中找到我。我是Zersiax ，在Twitter上也可以通过该名称找到我。

Thanks for reading this. I’ll see you later! (Sorry. I really couldn’t resist that one) :)

感谢您阅读本文。一会儿见！ (对不起。我真的无法抗拒)：)

I thought this would be fitting to repost — as my first-ever Medium post — the article that threw my life for a loop one year ago, back in January 2015.

我认为这适合重新发布-这是我有史以来的第一篇中号帖子-一年前，即2015年1月，使我的生活陷入循环的文章。