电话交换机和网络交换机_网络中交换机的介绍和工作

电话交换机和网络交换机

交换机简介 (Introduction to Switches)

Switches are intelligent devices. Switches are considered intelligent because switches have memory in which switches maintain hardware address tables. These have the address of all hosts stored, as well as the host which is connected to the switch through the port, is also stored. Hosts are used to connect each other under a switch LAN. You cannot connect 2 networks with the switch. The router is used to connect different networks.

开关是智能设备。 交换机被认为是智能的，因为交换机具有存储器，交换机在其中维护硬件地址表。 这些地址存储了所有主机的地址，还存储了通过端口连接到交换机的主机。 主机用于在交换机LAN下相互连接。 您无法使用交换机连接2个网络。 路由器用于连接不同的网络。

The switch has the space to store your data where it checks to see the incoming packet for any device. The physical address of all network devices is saved near the switch, after checking them, the switch sends the information directly to that device and without broadcasting the information. This also increases the speed of packet transfer in the network and unnecessary traffic in the network also does not grow. It has a half / full duplex transmission mode. Half duplex means that at one time the device can receive or send data. While in full duplex, the device can also send data and receive at the same time. The switch can be used in place of the hub.

交换机具有存储数据的空间，可以在其中检查任何设备的传入数据包。 所有网络设备的物理地址都保存在交换机附近，检查后，交换机将信息直接发送到该设备，而不会广播信息。 这也提高了网络中数据包传输的速度，并且网络中不必要的流量也不会增加。 它具有半/全双工传输模式。 半双工意味着设备一次可以接收或发送数据。 在全双工模式下，该设备还可以同时发送和接收数据。 可以使用该开关代替集线器。

It is natural that the network will either work slowly or there will be any other problem at one stage. To avoid this and to increase the network capacity, the hub is replaced by the switch in the overloaded network. Generally, there is no need to replace other components of the network but the components.

很自然，网络要么运行缓慢，要么在某个阶段出现任何其他问题。 为避免这种情况并增加网络容量，在过载的网络中，集线器由交换机代替。 通常，无需更换网络的其他组件。

开关的工作 (Working of Switch)

Whenever a host sends a frame to any other host, then the source host is stored with the port in the address table of the MAC address switch. A switch always stores the address of the source in the table. Unless a host does send some data, its MAC address and port number will not be stored in the table of the switch. Unless a host does send some data, its MAC address and port number will not be stored in the table of the switch. When you initialize the switch, the switch does not contain any information about any host and its address. In such a situation, when a host frame sends, its MAC address is stored in the table but due to no destination information, the switch sends the frame to all the hosts.

每当主机将帧发送到任何其他主机时，源主机就会与端口一起存储在MAC地址交换机的地址表中。 交换机始终将源地址存储在表中。 除非主机确实发送了一些数据，否则其MAC地址和端口号将不会存储在交换机的表中。 除非主机确实发送了一些数据，否则其MAC地址和端口号将不会存储在交换机的表中。 初始化交换机时，该交换机不包含有关任何主机及其地址的任何信息。 在这种情况下，当主机帧发送时，其MAC地址存储在表中，但是由于没有目的地信息，交换机将帧发送到所有主机。

When you initialize the switch, the switch does not contain any information about any host and its address. In such a situation, when a host frame sends, its MAC address is stored in the table but due to no destination information, the switch sends the frame to all the hosts. As soon as the second host sends some data, its address also gets stored in the table. As soon as the second host sends some data, its address also gets stored in the table. Whenever a host sends the frames, the switch stores it if its address is not already present in the table. Thus a switch creates its table. When all the hosts' addresses and port numbers come in the switch, the switch delivers the frame to all hosts only, delivering the same host to the host for which the data has been sent.

初始化交换机时，该交换机不包含有关任何主机及其地址的任何信息。 在这种情况下，当主机帧发送时，其MAC地址存储在表中，但是由于没有目的地信息，交换机将帧发送到所有主机。 第二个主机发送一些数据后，其地址也立即存储在表中。 第二个主机发送一些数据后，其地址也立即存储在表中。 每当主机发送帧时，如果表中尚不存在其地址，则交换机将对其进行存储。 因此，一个开关创建了它的表。 当所有主机的地址和端口号都进入交换机时，交换机仅将帧传递给所有主机，将同一主机传递给已为其发送数据的主机。

Hubs work on half duplex communication. With Hubs, you can either send or receive only. But with switches, it is not so. With switches, you can also send and receive data together. Hubs represent a single collision domain, but every port in the switch is a separate collision domain. This does not make any difference to other hosts.

集线器可进行半双工通信。 使用集线器，您只能发送或接收。 但是对于开关，事实并非如此。 使用开关，您还可以一起发送和接收数据。 集线器代表一个冲突域，但是交换机中的每个端口都是一个单独的冲突域。 这与其他主机没有任何区别。

翻译自: https://www.includehelp.com/computer-networks/introduction-and-working-of-switches.aspx

电话交换机和网络交换机