dbms调度程序_DBMS的用户，应用程序，优缺点

dbms调度程序

A database is a collection of related data. It is a collection of facts and figures which can further be used to produce different kinds of information.

数据库是相关数据的集合。 它是事实和数据的集合，可以进一步用于产生各种信息。

The database management system (DBMS) is a group of programs that operate a database and serve as an interface between a database, its users and other application programs. DBMS is designed to define, create, manipulate, extract and manage data in a database. DBMS typically manipulates data; data format, field names, record, and file structure.

数据库管理系统(DBMS)是一组程序，这些程序操作数据库并用作数据库，其用户和其他应用程序之间的接口。 DBMS旨在定义，创建，操纵，提取和管理数据库中的数据。 DBMS通常处理数据。 数据格式，字段名称，记录和文件结构。

For e.g.: Let's look at a simple example of an Employee database. This database supports information about Employee Name, Employee ID and other useful attributes required in Employee environment.

例如：让我们看一个Employee数据库的简单示例。 该数据库支持有关“雇员姓名”，“雇员ID”和“雇员”环境中所需的其他有用属性的信息。

1. The EMPLOYEE NAME stores the data of Employees Name.

   雇员姓名存储雇员姓名的数据。

2. The EMPLOYEE ID file stores the unique identity of each employee.

   EMPLOYEE ID文件存储每个员工的唯一标识。

3. The ADDRESS stores information about the address of the employee.

   地址存储有关员工地址的信息。

4. The SALARY stores information about the salary of the employee.

   薪金存储有关员工工资的信息。

And many other details stored in the database required for the Employee.

以及员工所需的许多其他详细信息存储在数据库中。

DBMS的特点 (Characteristics of DBMS)

1. DBMS provides security and removes redundancy.

   DBMS提供安全性并消除了冗余。

2. DBMS is self-describing nature of a database system.

   DBMS是数据库系统的自描述性质。

3. DBMS is used as insulation between programs and data abstraction.

   DBMS用作程序和数据抽象之间的隔离。

4. DBMS is used for multiuser transaction processing.

   DBMS用于多用户事务处理。

5. DBMS follows the ACID concept (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability).

   DBMS遵循ACID概念(原子性，一致性，隔离性和耐久性)。

6. DBMS supports a multi-user environment that allows users to access and manipulate data in parallel.

   DBMS支持多用户环境，该环境允许用户并行访问和操作数据。

DBMS环境中的用户 (Users in a DBMS environment)

Users perform following tasks:

用户执行以下任务：

Component Name	Tasks
Programmers	They are responsible to write programs. Programs that are written in various languages to interact with databases.
Administrators	They are responsible to manage the Database System. They are most commonly known as Database Admin.
End-Users	They are responsible to interact with the Database System. They perform adding, manipulating, deleting or retrieving data.

组件名称	任务
程式设计师	他们负责编写程序。 用各种语言编写的与数据库交互的程序。
管理员	他们负责管理数据库系统。 它们通常被称为数据库管理。
终端用户	他们负责与数据库系统进行交互。 它们执行添加，操作，删除或检索数据。

DBMS的应用 (Application of DBMS)

Database Management System is used in wide variety of sectors. Some of them are:

数据库管理系统广泛用于各个领域。 他们之中有一些是：

Sector	Use
Airlines	It is used to store for reservation and storage of the information.
Banking	It is used to store the customer information, payments, loans etc.
Finance	It is used to store the information of stocks, sales etc.
HR Management	It is used to store details about the employee, their salaries, details of paychecks etc.
Sales	It is used for storing customer, product information etc.
Telecommunication	It is used to keep the call records, monthly bills, etc.

部门	用
航空公司	它用于存储信息的保留和存储。
银行业	它用于存储客户信息，付款，贷款等。
金融	用于存储库存，销售等信息。
人力资源管理	它用于存储有关员工，他们的薪水，薪水支票等的详细信息。
营业额	它用于存储客户，产品信息等。
电讯	它用于保留通话记录，月度账单等。

DBMS的优势 (Advantages of DBMS)

1. It provides Data Independence. Application programs need to be independent of the details of data. DBMS provides the abstract view of the data.

   它提供数据独立性。 应用程序需要独立于数据细节。 DBMS提供数据的抽象视图。

2. It provides efficient data access. If a data is stored in external storage, a wide variety of sophisticated techniques are required to store and retrieve data efficiently.

   它提供了有效的数据访问。 如果数据存储在外部存储器中，则需要多种复杂的技术来有效地存储和检索数据。

3. It provides Data Integrity and Security. In order to maintain integrity, DBMS can enforce integrity constraints on the data.

   它提供了数据完整性和安全性。 为了维护完整性，DBMS可以对数据实施完整性约束。

4. It provides concurrent access and crashes recovery. Many users can access the database concurrently.

   它提供并发访问并崩溃恢复。 许多用户可以同时访问数据库。

5. It provides data administration. When many users share the data, one central administration is required which can improve the performance.

   它提供数据管理。 当许多用户共享数据时，需要一个中央管理机构，以提高性能。

6. It reduces application development time.

   它减少了应用程序开发时间。

DBMS的缺点 (Disadvantage of DBMS)

1. It increases the danger of Overkill. It is not advisable to use the database for small and simple applications.

   它增加了过度杀伤的危险。 不建议将数据库用于小型和简单的应用程序。

2. It increases the complexity of the database.

   它增加了数据库的复杂性。

3. Qualified personnel is required to manage the database. A trained staff is required to operate the database system.

   需要合格的人员来管理数据库。 需要经过培训的人员才能操作数据库系统。

4. It increases cost. Database system when increases the complexity also increases the cost of management.

   这增加了成本。 数据库系统在增加复杂性时也增加了管理成本。

5. It decreases the efficiency. Since it is multi-user software thus it becomes less efficient as compared to the software that is made to solve only one problem.

   它降低了效率。 由于它是多用户软件，因此与仅解决一个问题的软件相比，效率降低。

翻译自: https://www.includehelp.com/dbms/users-applications-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-dbms.aspx

dbms调度程序