alu是什么功能部件_ALU的完整形式是什么？

alu是什么功能部件

ALU：算术逻辑单元 (ALU: Arithmetic Logic Unit)

ALU is an abbreviation of the "Arithmetic Logic Unit".

ALU是“算术逻辑单元”的缩写 。

It is a merged form of a digital electronic circuit that carries out arithmetic and bitwise operations on integer binary numbers. This is in comparison to a floating-point unit (FPU), which runs and functions on floating-point numbers. An ALU is an elementary building block of various types of computing circuits, comprising:

它是数字电子电路的合并形式，它对整数二进制数执行算术和按位运算。 这与浮点单元(FPU)相比，后者在浮点数上运行并起作用。 ALU是各种类型的计算电路的基本组成部分，包括：

• The central processing unit (CPU) of computers

  计算机的中央处理器(CPU)

• FPUs

  FPU

• Graphics processing units (GPUs)

  图形处理单元(GPU)

A single CPU, FPU or GPU may include a variety of ALUs.

单个CPU，FPU或GPU可能包含各种ALU。

ALU功能 (ALU Functions)

Some fundamental arithmetic and bitwise logic functions are generally supported by ALUs. Fundamental, general-purpose ALUs normally comprises these operations in their range of collections:

ALU通常支持一些基本的算术和按位逻辑函数。 基本的通用ALU通常包含以下操作：

• Add: A and B are summed and the sum comes out at Y and carry-out.

  加 ：将A和B相加，并且总和在Y处并结转。

• Add with carry: A, B and carry-in are summed and the sum comes out at Y and carry-out.

  带进位加法：将A，B和进位相加，总和在Y处进行进位。

• Subtract: B is subtracted from A (or vice versa) and the difference comes out at Y and carry-out. For this function, carry-out is efficiently a "borrow" indicator. This operation may also be used to contrast the magnitudes of A and B; in such conditions, the Y output may be unnoticed by the processor, which is only involved in the status bits (specifically zero and negative) that outcome from the operation.

  减法 ：从A中减去 B(反之亦然)，并且差在Y处出现并结转。 对于此功能，结转实际上是“借入”指示器。 此操作也可以用来对比A和B的大小； 在这种情况下，处理器可能不会注意到Y输出，该处理器仅涉及操作产生的状态位(特别是零和负)。

• Subtract with borrow: B is subtracted from A (or vice versa) with borrow (carry-in) and the difference comes out at Y and carry-out (borrow out).

  用借位减去 ：用借位(进位)从A中减去B(反之亦然)，差值在Y处出现，而结转(借入)。

  Two's complement (negate): A (or B) is subtracted from zero and the difference comes out at Y.

  二进制补码(取反)：从零中减去A(或B)，并且差在Y处出现。

• Increment: A (or B) is increased by one and the outcome value comes out at Y.

  增量 ：A(或B)增加一，结果值显示为Y。

• Decrement: A (or B) is decreased by one and the outcome value comes out at Y.

  减量 ：A(或B)减一，结果值为Y。

• Pass through: all bits of A (or B) appear unchanged at Y. This operation is normally used to find out the state of correspondence of the operand or whether it is zero or negative or to put up the operand into a processor register.

  直通 ：A(或B)的所有位在Y处均保持不变。此操作通常用于查找操作数的对应状态，或者它是零还是负数，或将操作数放入处理器寄存器中。

按位逻辑运算 (Bitwise logical operations)

• AND: the bitwise AND of A and B comes out at Y.

  AND ：A和B的按位与在Y处出现。

• OR: the bitwise OR of A and B come out at Y.

  OR ：A和B的按位OR在Y处出现。

• Exclusive-OR: the bitwise XOR of A and B come out at Y.

  异或 ：A和B的按位XOR在Y处出现。

• Ones' complement: all bits of A (or B) are inverted and come out at Y.

  一个补码 ：A(或B)的所有位都反转并在Y处出现。

移位操作 (Bit shift operations)

• Arithmetic shift: the operand is taken care of as a two's complement integer, signifying that the highly noteworthy bit is a "sign" bit and is preserved.

  算术移位 ：操作数被视为二进制补码整数，表示高度值得注意的位是“符号”位并被保留。

• Logical shift: a logic zero is shifted into the operand. This is used to shift unsigned integers.

  逻辑移位 ：将逻辑零移位到操作数中。 这用于移位无符号整数。

• Rotate: the operand is taken care of as a circular buffer of bits so it’s smallest and highly noteworthy bits are successfully adjacent.

  旋转 ：操作数被当作位的循环缓冲区处理，因此它最小且值得注意的位成功相邻。

• Rotate through carry: the carry bit and operand are cooperatively taken care of as a circular buffer of bits.

  循环进位：将进位和操作数作为位的循环缓冲区共同处理。

Reference: Arithmetic_logic_unit

参考： Arithmetic_logic_unit

翻译自: https://www.includehelp.com/dictionary/alu-full-form.aspx

alu是什么功能部件