python摆锤_Python摆锤模块

python摆锤

Python Pendulum module is a drop-in replacement for the built-in datetime module. Python pendulum module supports timezones and provides useful methods to format, parse and date time manipulations. This module provides all the features of pytz module and much more.

Python Pendulum模块是内置datetime模块的直接替代。 Python摆锤模块支持时区，并提供了格式化，解析和日期时间操作的有用方法。 该模块提供pytz模块的所有功能以及更多其他功能。

Python摆锤模块 (Python Pendulum Module)

We can install pendulum module using PIP command.

我们可以使用PIP命令安装钟摆模块。

pip install pendulum

Python Pendulum示例 (Python Pendulum Example)

We can use the pendulum module to create timezone objects and use it with datetime.now() function to create timezone aware datetime instance.

我们可以使用pendulum模块创建时区对象，并将其与datetime.now()函数一起使用，以创建可识别时区的datetime实例。

from datetime import datetime
import pendulum

utc = pendulum.timezone('UTC')
pst = pendulum.timezone('America/Los_Angeles')
ist = pendulum.timezone('Asia/Calcutta')

print(type(utc))
print('Current Date Time in UTC =', datetime.now(utc))
print('Current Date Time in PST =', datetime.now(pst))
print('Current Date Time in IST =', datetime.now(ist))
print(type(datetime.now(ist)))

Output:

输出：

<class 'pendulum.tz.timezone.FixedTimezone'>
Current Date Time in UTC = 2018-09-25 09:16:45.031461+00:00
Current Date Time in PST = 2018-09-25 02:16:45.031501-07:00
Current Date Time in IST = 2018-09-25 14:46:45.031555+05:30
<class 'datetime.datetime'>

Let’s see how to use pendulum module as a replacement of datetime module. However, if you are already using datetime module then it’s better to not mix them up.

让我们看看如何使用摆锤模块替代datetime模块。 但是，如果您已经在使用datetime模块，那么最好不要混淆它们。

utc_time = pendulum.now('UTC')
print(type(utc_time))
print('Current Date Time in UTC =', utc_time)

Output:

输出：

<class 'pendulum.datetime.DateTime'>
Current Date Time in UTC = 2018-09-25T09:16:45.031608+00:00

转换时区 (Converting Timezones)

utc_time = pendulum.now('UTC')
ist_time = utc_time.in_timezone('Asia/Calcutta')
print(type(ist_time))
print('Current Date Time in IST =', ist_time)

tz = pendulum.timezone('Europe/Paris')
paris_time = tz.convert(ist_time)
print('Current Date Time in Paris =', paris_time)

Output:

输出：

<class 'pendulum.datetime.DateTime'>
Current Date Time in IST = 2018-09-25T14:46:45.031608+05:30
Current Date Time in Paris = 2018-09-25T11:16:45.031608+02:00

日期时间操作 (Date Time Manipulations)

We can use add() and subtract() functions for date time manipulations.

我们可以使用add（）和减去（）函数进行日期时间操作。

utc_time.add(years=1)
utc_time.subtract(months=2)
print('Updated UTC Time', utc_time)

Output: Updated UTC Time 2018-09-25T09:16:45.031608+00:00

输出： Updated UTC Time 2018-09-25T09:16:45.031608+00:00

日期时间格式 (Date Time Formatting)

There are some useful methods to convert date time to standard formatted string. Pendulum module also has strftime() function where we can specify our own format.

有一些有用的方法可以将日期时间转换为标准格式的字符串。 Pendulum模块还具有strftime（）函数，我们可以在其中指定自己的格式。

print(utc_time.to_iso8601_string())
print(utc_time.to_formatted_date_string())
print(utc_time.to_w3c_string())
print(utc_time.to_date_string())

# supports strftime() too
print(utc_time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z%z'))

Output:

输出：

2018-09-25T09:16:45.031608Z
Sep 25, 2018
2018-09-25T09:16:45+00:00
2018-09-25
2018-09-25 09:16:45 UTC+0000

将字符串解析为日期时间 (Parse String to Date Time)

We can use parse() function to parse a string having commonly used formats to datetime object. If you want to specify format string, then use from_format() function.

我们可以使用parse（）函数将具有常用格式的字符串解析为datetime对象。 如果要指定格式字符串，请使用from_format（）函数。

dt = pendulum.parse('2018-05-21T22:00:00')
print(dt)

dt = pendulum.parse('2018-05-21T22:00:00', tz='Europe/Paris')
print(dt)

# parsing using specified format string
dt = pendulum.from_format('2018/05/21', 'YYYY/MM/DD')
print(dt)

Output:

输出：

2018-05-21T22:00:00+00:00
2018-05-21T22:00:00+01:00
2018-05-21T00:00:00+00:00

持续时间– timedelta替换 (Duration – timedelta replacement)

time_delta = pendulum.duration(days=1, hours=10, years=2)
print(time_delta)
print('time_delta years =', time_delta.years)

print('time_delta in seconds =', time_delta.in_seconds())
print('time_delta in words =', time_delta.in_words())

print('future date =', pendulum.now() + time_delta)

Output:

输出：

2 years 1 day 10 hours
time_delta years = 2
time_delta in seconds = 122400
time_delta in words = 2 years 1 day 10 hours
future date = 2020-09-27T00:46:45.037866+05:30

一段的时间 (Period of Time)

current_date = pendulum.now()
future_date = current_date.add(days=4)

period_time = future_date - current_date

print('period in words =', period_time.in_words())

# period is iterable with days
for dt in period_time:
    print(dt)

Output:

输出：

period in words = 4 days
2018-09-25T14:46:45.037972+05:30
2018-09-26T14:46:45.037972+05:30
2018-09-27T14:46:45.037972+05:30
2018-09-28T14:46:45.037972+05:30
2018-09-29T14:46:45.037972+05:30

GitHub Repository. GitHub存储库中检出完整的python脚本和更多Python示例。

Reference: Official Website

参考： 官方网站

翻译自: https://www.journaldev.com/23407/python-pendulum-module

python摆锤