ubuntu服务器设置_Ubuntu服务器设置–安全最佳实践

ubuntu服务器设置

Upon successful installation of your Debian / Ubuntu server, a few configuration steps are essential in enhancing the security and functionality of the server. In this guide, we will take you through the basic steps in the initial server setup of Debian 9 / Ubuntu 18.04 server. These basic steps will fortify your server and allow the execution of subsequent operations in a seamless manner.

成功安装Debian / Ubuntu服务器后，一些配置步骤对于增强服务器的安全性和功能至关重要。 在本指南中，我们将引导您完成Debian 9 / Ubuntu 18.04服务器初始服务器设置中的基本步骤。 这些基本步骤将加强您的服务器，并允许以无缝方式执行后续操作。

以root用户身份登录 (Login as root user)

The initial step in setting up your server is to log in as the root user. But first, you need to have your server’s IP address and the Password or a private key for authentication. To log in, open your Linux terminal and execute the command below. Be sure to substitute the server’s IP address with your IP address.

设置服务器的第一步是以root用户身份登录。 但是首先，您需要具有服务器的IP地址和密码或用于身份验证的私钥。 要登录，请打开Linux终端并执行以下命令。 确保用您的IP地址替换服务器的IP地址。

ssh user@ip-address

In this guide, we are using Ubuntu 18.04 server with a Public IP address 38.76.11.180.

在本指南中，我们使用公共IP地址为38.76.11.180 Ubuntu 18.04服务器。

To log in using ssh via the terminal, the command is

要通过终端使用ssh登录，命令为

ssh root@38.76.11.180

If you are login in for the first time, you will be required to verify the server’s authenticity.

如果您是首次登录，则将需要验证服务器的真实性。

Type ‘Yes’ and hit Enter. You will then be prompted for the server’s Password. Provide the correct Password and hit Enter.

输入“是”，然后按Enter。 然后将提示您输入服务器的密码。 提供正确的密码，然后按Enter。

This will drop you into the server’s shell prompt as shown below

这将使您进入服务器的shell提示符，如下所示

Great! Now that we have successfully logged in to our server, let’s move over to the second step

大！ 现在我们已经成功登录到服务器，让我们继续第二步

创建一个新用户 (Create a New user)

For best security practices, use of the root account for administrative tasks is highly discouraged. Why is that the case? Running your