iphone的操作系统介绍_操作系统介绍

iphone的操作系统介绍

A computer system has many resources (hardware and software), which may be require to complete a task. The commonly required resources are input/output devices, memory, file storage space, CPU etc. The operating system acts as a manager of the above resources and allocates them to specific programs and users, whenever necessary to perform a particular task. Therefore operating system is the resource manager i.e. it can manage the resource of a computer system internally. The resources are processor, memory, files, and I/O devices. In simple terms, an operating system is the interface between the user and the machine.

计算机系统具有许多资源(硬件和软件)，可能需要这些资源才能完成任务。 通常需要的资源是输入/输出设备，内存，文件存储空间，CPU等。操作系统充当上述资源的管理器，并在需要执行特定任务时将其分配给特定程序和用户。 因此，操作系统是资源管理器，即它可以在内部管理计算机系统的资源。 资源是处理器，内存，文件和I / O设备。 简单来说，操作系统是用户与机器之间的接口。

操作系统的两种观点 (Two Views of Operating System)

1. User's View

   用户观点

2. System View

   系统视图

操作系统：用户视图 (Operating System: User View)

The user view of the computer refers to the interface being used. Such systems are designed for one user to monopolize its resources, to maximize the work that the user is performing. In these cases, the operating system is designed mostly for ease of use, with some attention paid to performance, and none paid to resource utilization.

计算机的用户视图是指所使用的界面。 这样的系统被设计用于一个用户垄断其资源，以最大化用户正在执行的工作。 在这些情况下，操作系统的设计主要是为了易于使用，并注重性能，而没有考虑资源利用率。

操作系统：系统视图 (Operating System: System View)

Operating system can be viewed as a resource allocator also. A computer system consists of many resources like - hardware and software - that must be managed efficiently. The operating system acts as the manager of the resources, decides between conflicting requests, controls execution of programs etc.

操作系统也可以视为资源分配器。 计算机系统由许多资源(例如硬件和软件)组成，必须对其进行有效管理。 操作系统充当资源的管理者，在冲突的请求之间做出决定，控制程序的执行等。

操作系统管理任务 (Operating System Management Tasks)

1. Processor management which involves putting the tasks into order and pairing them into manageable size before they go to the CPU.

   处理器管理 ，包括将任务整理好并在进入CPU之前将它们配对为可管理的大小。

2. Memory management which coordinates data to and from RAM (random-access memory) and determines the necessity for virtual memory.

   内存管理 ，用于协调往返于RAM(随机存取存储器)的数据并确定虚拟内存的必要性。

3. Device management which provides interface between connected devices.

   设备管理 ，可在连接的设备之间提供接口。

4. Storage management which directs permanent data storage.

   指导永久数据存储的存储管理 。

5. Application which allows standard communication between software and your computer.

   允许软件和计算机之间进行标准通信的应用程序 。

6. User interface which allows you to communicate with your computer.

   用户界面 ，可让您与计算机进行通信。

操作系统功能 (Functions of Operating System)

1. It boots the computer

   它启动计算机

2. It performs basic computer tasks e.g. managing the various peripheral devices e.g. mouse, keyboard

   它执行基本的计算机任务，例如管理各种外围设备，例如鼠标，键盘

3. It provides a user interface, e.g. command line, graphical user interface (GUI)

   它提供了一个用户界面，例如命令行，图形用户界面(GUI)

4. It handles system resources such as computer's memory and sharing of the central processing unit(CPU) time by various applications or peripheral devices.

   它处理系统资源，例如计算机的内存以及各种应用程序或外围设备共享中央处理器(CPU)的时间。

5. It provides file management which refers to the way that the operating system manipulates, stores, retrieves and saves data.

   它提供了文件管理，该文件管理是指操作系统处理，存储，检索和保存数据的方式。

6. Error Handling is done by the operating system. It takes preventive measures whenever required to avoid errors.

   错误处理由操作系统完成。 无论何时需要采取预防措施来避免错误。

翻译自: https://www.studytonight.com/operating-system/introduction-operating-systems

iphone的操作系统介绍