javascript编写_如何在HTML页面上编写JavaScript

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-22 10:47:09 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-22 10:47:09 发布

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原文链接：https://thenewcode.com/191/How-To-Write-JavaScript-On-An-HTML-Page

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javascript编写

JavaScript is executed client-side, on the browser. Like CSS, it can be written either inline, embedded, or linked, and (just like CSS) those methods are in order of preference in terms of power and adaptability. A link to a JavaScript file is often written inside the <head> section of the page on which it is used:

JavaScript在浏览器的客户端执行。像CSS一样，它可以内联，嵌入式或链接形式编写，并且(就像CSS一样)这些方法在功能和适应性方面按优先顺序排列。指向JavaScript文件的链接通常写在使用该文件的页面的<head>部分中：

<head>
	<title>An HTML Page With Linked Javascript<title>
	<script src="assets/scripts/prettify.js"></script>
</head>

There are a few possible downsides to this:

有一些可能的缺点：

Page rendering may be halted until the script is loaded and executed.
在脚本加载和执行之前，页面渲染可能会停止。
A script written in the <head> may attempt to modify DOM elements that have not yet appeared on the page.
用<head>编写的脚本可能会尝试修改尚未出现在页面上的DOM元素。

Alternatively, links to JavaScript files can be placed at the end of the document, typically just before the closing </body> tag.

另外，可以将JavaScript文件的链接放在文档的末尾，通常在</body>标记之前。

<script src="assets/scripts/prettify.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

…thus avoiding both issues.

…因此避免两个问题。

JavaScript files must have a .js extension in the filename. (You will occasionally see a language attribute used when linking to a JavaScript file, but that is deprecated and invalid in HTML.)

JavaScript文件的文件名必须具有.js扩展名。 (您有时会看到链接到JavaScript文件时使用的language属性，但是该属性已弃用，并且在HTML中无效。)

It is also possible to link to a JavaScript file outside your own domain: this is frequently done when using JavaScript frameworks such as jQuery to centralize code and potentially speed up load times. (Cross-domain files will load in a seperate simultaneous “stream” from the rest of the page, and will be cached by the browser: if the user has previously visited a site that uses the same technique for the same file, the cached version of the file will be used, rather than downloading it again.)

也可以链接到您自己域外JavaScript文件：使用jQuery等JavaScript 框架集中代码并可能加快加载时间时，通常会这样做。 (跨域文件将从页面的其余部分加载到单独的同时“流”中，并由浏览器缓存：如果用户以前访问过使用相同技术处理同一文件的站点，则缓存版本的文件将被使用，而不是再次下载。)

<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.8.1/jquery.min.js">
</script>

The second and less preferable option is to write the JavaScript embedded, again in the <head> section, or, preferably, at the bottom of the page:

第二种也是不太可取的选择是再次在<head>部分，或者最好在页面底部，编写嵌入JavaScript：

<script>
/* JavaScript code goes here */
</script>

Note that you cannot write HTML or CSS directly inside JavaScript; like CSS, using another language between the opening and closing <script> tags, or in the linked JavaScript file, will cause it to stop working.

请注意，您不能直接在JavaScript中编写HTML或CSS 。例如CSS，在开始和结束<script>标记之间或链接JavaScript文件中使用另一种语言，将导致它停止工作。

You do not, as a general rule, write JavaScript code inline, for reasons I will cover shortly.

通常，您不会内联编写JavaScript代码，因为稍后我会介绍原因。