比较MBR（主引导记录）与GPT（GUID分区表）分区方案

Partition tables are used to structure the disk drives. MBR (Master Boot Record) and GPT (GUID Partition Table) are the two most popular partition schemes used today in IT environments. In this tutorial, we will compare the similarities and differences between these two partition schemes.

分区表用于构造磁盘驱动器。 MBR(主引导记录)和GPT(GUID分区表)是当今IT环境中使用的两种最受欢迎​​的分区方案。 在本教程中，我们将比较这两种分区方案之间的异同。

什么是MBR？ (What is MBR?)

MBR is an old and tired partition scheme initially used on first IBM PCs. MBR is specifically designed for Microsoft DOS operating systems and used by Linux operating systems too. More details about MBR can be learned by the following tutorial.

MBR是一种陈旧的分区方案，最初在第一批IBM PC上使用。 MBR专为Microsoft DOS操作系统而设计，并且也由Linux操作系统使用。 可以通过以下教程了解有关MBR的更多详细信息。

What is Master Boot Record or MBR?

什么是主启动记录或MBR？

什么是GTP？ (What is GTP?)

GPT is a modern partition scheme used by modern operating systems. GPT provides a lot of advantages over MBR as we will see in this tutorial.

GPT是现代操作系统使用的现代分区方案。 正如我们将在本教程中看到的，GPT提供了许多优于MBR的优势。

支持的磁盘大小 (Supported Disk Size)

As disk sizes grow very fast the disk size support becomes one of the most important factors for the partition schemes.

随着磁盘大小的快速增长，磁盘大小支持已成为分区方案的最重要因素之一。

GPT (GPT)

GPT supports disks larger and lesser than 2 TB. This means there is no problem with supported disk size in the GPT partition scheme.

GPT支持大于和小于2 TB的磁盘。 这意味着GPT分区方案中支持的磁盘大小没有问题。

MBR (MBR)

As an old fashion partition scheme, MBR can support disks up to 2TB. If we need to use the disk with a capacity larger than 2 TB we should use the GPT partition scheme.

作为一种老式的分区方案，MBR最多可以支持2TB的磁盘。 如果我们需要使用容量大于2 TB的磁盘，则应使用GPT分区方案。

分区计数 (Partition Count)

Partitions are used to create separate virtual parts in a disk drive. We can use these parts independently in our file and operating systems.

分区用于在磁盘驱动器中创建单独的虚拟部件。 我们可以在文件和操作系统中独立使用这些部分。

GPT (GPT)

GPT can support up to 128 partitions in a single disk without a problem. 128 partition is enough for all use cases in the IT environment. As we know the letters will not meet the partitions count.

GPT可以在一个磁盘中最多支持128个分区，而不会出现问题。 128分区足以满足IT环境中的所有使用情况。 众所周知，字母将不符合分区数。

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MBR(MBR)

MBR has a bit complex partition mechanism. MBR supports a maximum of 16 partitions but there may be some limitations about using them.

MBR具有一些复杂的分区机制。 MBR最多支持16个分区，但是使用它们可能会有一些限制。

引导加载程序 (Boot Loader)

Boot loader is a small utility where it loads operating systems and runs afters BIOS.

引导加载程序是一个小型实用程序，可在其中加载操作系统并在BIOS之后运行。

GPT (GPT)

GPT can support all known boot loaders like Windows Boot Loader, Grub, Lilo without problem.

GPT可以毫无问题地支持所有已知的引导加载程序，例如Windows引导加载程序，Grub，Lilo。

MBR (MBR)

MBR can support all known boot loaders like Windows Boot Loader, Grub, Lilo without problem.

MBR可以毫无问题地支持所有已知的引导加载程序，例如Windows引导加载程序，Grub，Lilo。

UEFI (UEFI)

UEFI is a hardware and software-based security mechanism used to authenticate and secure operating system files and firmware.

UEFI是基于硬件和软件的安全性机制，用于认证和保护操作系统文件和固件。

GPT (GPT)

GPT can work with UEFI without problem.

GPT可以与UEFI一起正常使用。

MBR (MBR)

MBR supports the use of UEFI.

MBR支持使用UEFI。

操作系统支持 (Operating System Support)

GPT(GPT)

GPT is supported by most of the modern operating systems. We can use GPT  with Windows Server 2008, 2012,2016, Windows 7,8,10, Linux distributions like Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS, Debian, Mint, etc.

大多数现代操作系统都支持GPT。 我们可以在Windows Server 2008、2012、2016，Windows 7、8、10，Linux发行版(例如Ubuntu，Fedora，CentOS，Debian，Mint等)中使用GPT。

MBR (MBR)

MBR is supported by most modern operating systems. We can use MBR  with Windows Server 2008, 2012,2016, Windows 7,8,10, Linux distributions like Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS, Debian, Mint, etc.

大多数现代操作系统都支持MBR。 我们可以将MBR与Windows Server 2008、2012、2016，Windows 7、8、10，Linux发行版(如Ubuntu，Fedora，CentOS，Debian，Mint等)一起使用。

安全 (Security)

Partitions schemes like GPT and MBR can provide some basic security features but do not wait for a robust feature.

诸如GPT和MBR之类的分区方案可以提供一些基本的安全功能，但无需等待强大的功能。

GPT (GPT)

GPT contained CRC32 checksum mechanism were records like partitions table header, disk beginning, backup GUID table can be checked. Also, firmware, bootloader, and operating system can be verified against changes too.

GPT包含的CRC32校验和机制可以检查分区表标头，磁盘开头，备份GUID表之类的记录。 此外，固件，引导程序和操作系统也可以根据更改进行验证。

MBR (MBR)

MBR do not provides any security feature.

MBR不提供任何安全功能。

翻译自: https://www.poftut.com/compare-mbr-master-boot-record-vs-gpt-guid-partition-table-partition-schemes-with-similarities-and-diffiriencies/