什么是GUI（图形用户界面）？

GUI or Graphical User Interface is an interface provided to the user, superuser, or administrator in order to interact with a system in an easy way. GUI generally consists of a single touch or click components like button, text box, slider, picture, etc.

GUI或图形用户界面是提供给用户，超级用户或管理员的界面，以便以简单的方式与系统进行交互。 GUI通常由单击或单击组件组成，例如按钮，文本框，滑块，图片等。

GUI历史 (GUI History)

The GUI is developed at the end of the 1970s and before the GUI there was CLI or Command Line Interface which is a geeky interface generally used by technical or professional persons. The first commercially available GUI is developed by the Xerox named as PARC.  It is released with the named Xerox 8010 Information System which is released in 1981. After that Steve Jobs saw the GUI on a tour at Xerox. This is started Apple’s GUI based operating system for the personal computer named Macintosh which is released in 1984. After this release Windows also started the GUI based operating system development where GUI based for Windows 1.0 is released 1985.

GUI是在1970年代末开发的，在GUI之前是CLI或命令行界面，这是技术人员或专业人员普遍使用的怪异界面。 Xerox开发了第一个可商用的GUI，名为PARC。 它与命名为Xerox 8010信息系统一起发布，该信息系统于1981年发布。此后，史蒂夫·乔布斯在施乐公司的一次巡回演出中看到了GUI。 这是1984年发布的名为Macintosh的个人计算机的基于Apple的Apple的基于GUI的操作系统。此版本之后，Windows还启动了基于GUI的操作系统开发，1985年发布了基于Windows 1.0的GUI。

GUI组件 (GUI Components)

GUI consist of different components. Not all of the components should exist in a GUI but in most cases, these components are used.

GUI由不同的组件组成。 并非所有组件都应存在于GUI中，但在大多数情况下，将使用这些组件。

• Window is one of the most popular components of a GUI. Windows generally used to contains multiple components of a GUI. The window also used as an interface for different applications as different windows.

  Window是GUI最受欢迎的组件之一。 Windows通常用于包含GUI的多个组件。 该窗口还用作不同应用程序的界面，就像不同的窗口一样。

• Button is generally used to trigger an action like save, edit, start, stop some actions in a GUI.

  Button通常用于在GUI中触发诸如保存，编辑，启动，停止某些操作之类的操作。

• Label is a text label that is used to provide information with text.

  Label是用于提供文本信息的文本标签。

• TextBox is used to input some text information to the GUI and a very popular component.

  TextBox用于向GUI和非常流行的组件输入一些文本信息。

• Slider is used to slide a pointer to set a specific value.

  Slider用于滑动指针以设置特定值。

• Picture is another popular component that is used to show some pictures in a GUI.

  Picture是另一个流行的组件，用于在GUI中显示一些图片。

• Video is a popular component of where different types of video can be shown.

  Video是可以显示不同类型视频的流行组件。

• CheckBox is used to provide multiple options to check single or multiple of them.

  CheckBox用于提供多个选项以检查单个或多个。

• Panel is a part of the screen which provides shortcuts or a list of something.

  Panel是屏幕的一部分，提供快捷方式或一系列内容。

• Tab provides multiple screens in Windows which is very useful to put a lot of GUI components in a single window.

  Tab在Windows中提供了多个屏幕，这对于将多个GUI组件放在一个窗口中非常有用。

• Icon is used to show some little picture.

  Icon用于显示一些小图片。

• Mouse is hardware but very important for user input into a GUI.

  Mouse是硬件，但对于用户输入到GUI来说非常重要。

• Keyboard is another hardware that provides input to the components like textbox.

  Keyboard是另一种为文本框等组件提供输入的硬件。

• Menu provides some shortcuts in a window to open them.

  Menu在窗口中提供了一些快捷方式来打开它们。

• Pointer is used to select and interact with the GUI components by using a mouse.

  Pointer用于通过鼠标选择GUI组件并与之交互。

• Desktopis used in operating systems in order to provide the main screen to the user with different tools and GUI components like a menu, window, picture, etc.

  Desktop用于操作系统中，以便向用户提供具有不同工具和GUI组件(如菜单，窗口，图片等)的主屏幕。

LEARN MORE  What Is Computer-Aided Design (CAD)?

了解更多什么是计算机辅助设计(CAD)？

GUI的优点 (Advantages of GUI)

Before the GUI the Command Line Interface or simple CLI was the interaction way with a system or applications. With the development and usage of the GUI, the popularity of the computer systems hiked because it provides a lot of advantages. Here some advantages of GUI.

在GUI之前，命令行界面或简单的CLI是与系统或应用程序的交互方式。 随着GUI的开发和使用，计算机系统的普及率上升了，因为它具有很多优点。 这里介绍了GUI的一些优点。

• GUI is more human-friendly and eye-candy.
  GUI更加人性化和令人眼花can乱。
• GUI provides easy access to the functions of the system and applications.
  GUI可轻松访问系统和应用程序的功能。
• GUI can be used with very little knowledge which is helpful for novice users.
  使用GUI的知识很少，这对新手用户很有帮助。
• GUI provides the visually rich output and information against CLI.
  GUI根据CLI提供了视觉效果丰富的输出和信息。

GUI示例 (GUI Examples)

Today a lot of operating systems, programs and applications has GUI. Here we will list different type of GUI’s about these.

如今，许多操作系统，程序和应用程序都具有GUI。 在这里，我们将列出关于这些的不同类型的GUI。

Google Chrome GUI

谷歌浏览器GUI

• Google Chrome provides classical GUI components like tab, menu, button, picture etc.
  Google Chrome提供了经典的GUI组件，例如标签，菜单，按钮，图片等。

Windows Server GUI

Windows Server GUI

• Windows Server GUI provides a Desktop experience to the users.
  Windows Server GUI为用户提供了桌面体验。

Windows File Explorer GUI

Windows文件资源管理器GUI

• Windows File Explorer GUI provides left panel to navigate with a pane to list file and folders
  Windows File Explorer GUI提供了左侧面板，可通过窗格进行导航以列出文件和文件夹

7zip GUI

7zip GUI

GUI(图形用户界面)与CLI(命令行界面) (GUI (Graphical User Interface) vs CLI(Command Line Interface))

Before the GUI there was CLI (Command Line Interface). They are very different from each other. Here will compare GUI vs CLI (Command Line Interface).

在GUI之前有CLI(命令行界面)。 它们彼此非常不同。 这里将比较GUI和CLI(命令行界面)。

• GUI provides Graphics where CLI provides generally a black screen with some text.
  GUI提供图形，其中CLI通常提供带有某些文本的黑屏。
• GUI provides human-friendly interaction where CLI is like machine interaction.
  GUI提供了人机友好的交互方式，而CLI就像机器交互一样。
• GUI is easy to use where CLI is hard to use.
  GUI易于使用，而CLI难以使用。
• GUI can be used by novice users where CLI requires some expert knowledge.
  GUI需要一些专业知识的新手用户可以使用GUI。
• GUI uses mouse clicks and some text input to input and interaction where CLI can only interact with text commands.
  GUI使用鼠标单击和一些文本输入来进行输入和交互，其中CLI只能与文本命令交互。

Linux GUI (Linux GUI)

Linux is an opensource and geeky operating system. Linux mainly started as a command-line based operating system which is mainly designed for experienced users. Over time it changed a lot and integrated different GUI components and tools like Desktop Managers. Linux provides the very same experience to Windows from a desktop point of view. Linux provides different graphical desktop environments like below.

Linux是开源且令人讨厌的操作系统。 Linux主要是从基于命令行的操作系统开始的，该操作系统主要是为有经验的用户设计的。 随着时间的流逝，它发生了很大变化，并集成了不同的GUI组件和工具，例如桌面管理器。 从桌面的角度来看，Linux为Windows提供了相同的体验。 Linux提供了如下不同的图形桌面环境。

• KDE
  KDE
• Gnome
  侏儒
• XFCE
  XFCE
• LXDE
  LXDE
• Unity
  统一

LEARN MORE  Introduction To Bash Scripting

了解更多Bash脚本介绍

Windows GUI(Windows GUI)

Windows is the most popular user-level operating system where its GUI makes it so popular. Windows provides very easy GUI experience for its users where children, elders, non-tech people can easily learn and use it. Windows mainly aimed to be used mostly with a mouse and some cases with a keyboard.

Windows是最流行的用户级操作系统，其GUI使其变得如此流行。 Windows为用户提供了非常简单的GUI体验，儿童，长者和非技术人员都可以轻松地学习和使用Windows。 Windows主要旨在主要用于鼠标，某些情况下用于键盘。

翻译自: https://www.poftut.com/what-is-gui-graphical-user-interface/