android上实现Junit单元测试

本来以为在android上实现单元测试，应该是很简单的一件事，结果还是花费了一些功夫，主要是在配置文件，和测试环境上花费了不少时间，比想像中要复杂一些，不过也没什么高深的东西，下面简单讲一下。
第一步：新建一个TestCase，记得要继承AndroidTestCase，才能有getContext()来获取当前的上下文变量，这在android测试中很重要的，因为很多的android api都需要context。

public class TestMath extends AndroidTestCase {

	private int i1;
	private int i2;
    static final String LOG_TAG = "MathTest";

	@Override
	protected void setUp() throws Exception {
		i1 = 2;
        i2 = 3;
	}

	public void testAdd() {
        assertTrue("testAdd failed", ((i1 + i2) == 5));
    }

	public void testDec() {
        assertTrue("testDec failed", ((i2 - i1) == 1));
    }

	@Override
	protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
		super.tearDown();
	}

	@Override
	public void testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly() {
		super.testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly();
		//Log.d( LOG_TAG, "testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly" );
	}

}

第二步：新建一个TestSuit，这个就继承Junit的TestSuite就可以了，注意这里是用的addTestSuite方法，一开始使用addTest方法就是不能成功。

public class ExampleSuite extends TestSuite {

	public ExampleSuite() {
		addTestSuite(TestMath.class);
	}

}

第三步：新建一个Activity，用来启动单元测试，并显示测试结果。系统的AndroidTestRunner竟然什么连个UI界面也没有实现，这里只是最简单的实现了一个

public class TestActivity extends Activity {

	private TextView resultView;

	private TextView barView;

	private TextView messageView;

	private Thread testRunnerThread;

	private static final int SHOW_RESULT = 0;

	private static final int ERROR_FIND = 1;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.main);
		resultView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.ResultView);
		barView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.BarView);
		messageView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.MessageView);
		Button lunch = (Button)findViewById(R.id.LunchButton);
		lunch.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				startTest();
			}
		});
	}

	private void showMessage(String message) {
		hander.sendMessage(hander.obtainMessage(ERROR_FIND, message));
	}

	private void showResult(String text) {
		hander.sendMessage(hander.obtainMessage(SHOW_RESULT, text));
	}

	private synchronized void startTest() {
		if (testRunnerThread != null
				&& testRunnerThread.isAlive()) {
			testRunnerThread = null;
		}
		if (testRunnerThread == null) {
			testRunnerThread = new Thread(new TestRunner(this));
			testRunnerThread.start();
		} else {
			Toast.makeText(this, 
					"Test is still running", 
					Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
		}
	}

	public Handler hander = new Handler() {
		public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
			switch (msg.what) {
				case SHOW_RESULT:
					resultView.setText(msg.obj.toString());
					break;
				case ERROR_FIND:
					messageView.append(msg.obj.toString());
					barView.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);
					break;
				default:
					break;
			}
		}
	};

	class TestRunner implements Runnable, TestListener {

		private Activity parentActivity;

		private int testCount;

		private int errorCount;

		private int failureCount;

		public TestRunner(Activity parentActivity) {
			this.parentActivity = parentActivity;
		}

		@Override
		public void run() {
			testCount = 0;
			errorCount = 0;
			failureCount = 0;

			ExampleSuite suite = new ExampleSuite();
			AndroidTestRunner testRunner = new AndroidTestRunner();
			testRunner.setTest(suite);
			testRunner.addTestListener(this);
			testRunner.setContext(parentActivity);
			testRunner.runTest();
		}

		@Override
		public void addError(Test test, Throwable t) {
			errorCount++;
			showMessage(t.getMessage() + "\n");
		}

		@Override
		public void addFailure(Test test, AssertionFailedError t) {
			failureCount++;
			showMessage(t.getMessage() + "\n");
		}

		@Override
		public void endTest(Test test) {
			showResult(getResult());
		}

		@Override
		public void startTest(Test test) {
			testCount++;
		}

		private String getResult() {
			int successCount = testCount - failureCount - errorCount;
			return "Test:" + testCount + " Success:" + successCount + " Failed:" + failureCount + " Error:" + errorCount;
		}

	}

}

第四步：修改AndroidManifest.xml,加入<uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />，不然会提示找不到AndroidTestRunner，这里需要注意是这句话是放在applications下面的，我一开始也不知道，放错了地方，浪费了不少时间

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="com.test.sample"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name" android:debuggable="true">
        <activity android:name=".TestActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
	<uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
    </application>
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="4" />
</manifest>