Gof定义
定义对象间的一种一对多的依赖关系,以便当一个对象的状态发生改变时,所有依赖于它的对象都得到通 知并自动更新
理解
观察者设计模式:当一个对象(目标对象)的状态发生改变,所有的依赖对象(观察者对象)都将得到通知。例如你在淘宝上购买了一件商品,当你付完钱后,你的淘宝帐户里会记录等待卖家发货这条信息,你的手机会收到一条短信说你手机银行里扣了钱,你的邮箱也可能会收到一封邮件。
UML图
银行取钱例子
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace 观察者模式
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
BankAccount bank = new BankAccount();
bank.AddObserver(new Emailer());
bank.AddObserver(new Mobile());
bank.Withdraw();
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
public class UserAccountArgs
{
public string Email { get; set; }
public string PhoneNumber { get; set; }
public UserAccountArgs(string mail, string phoneNumber)
{
Email = mail;
PhoneNumber = phoneNumber;
}
}
public interface IAccountObserver
{
void Update(UserAccountArgs args);
}
public class Emailer : IAccountObserver
{
public void Update(UserAccountArgs args)
{
Console.WriteLine("消息已发送邮件至邮箱:" + args.Email);
}
}
public class Mobile : IAccountObserver
{
public void Update(UserAccountArgs args)
{
Console.WriteLine("消息已发送短信至手机:" + args.PhoneNumber);
}
}
public class BankAccount
{
List<IAccountObserver> list = new List<IAccountObserver>();
public void Withdraw()
{
Console.WriteLine("取钱任务结束");
//先写死,给UserAccountArgs初始化
UserAccountArgs args = new UserAccountArgs("ccx@126.com", "135346123113");
//给有添加到List列表里(有观察的对象,发送通知)
foreach (var item in list)
{
item.Update(args);
}
}
//添加
public void AddObserver(IAccountObserver observer)
{
list.Add(observer);
}
//移除
public void RemoveObserver(IAccountObserver observer)
{
list.Remove(observer);
}
}
}
银行取钱例子,进一步,正确写法
namespace 观察者模式
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
BankAccount bank = new BankAccount();
bank.AddObserver(new Emailer());
bank.AddObserver(new Mobile());
bank.Withdraw();
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
public class UserAccountArgs
{
public string Email { get; set; }
public string PhoneNumber { get; set; }
public UserAccountArgs(string mail, string phoneNumber)
{
Email = mail;
PhoneNumber = phoneNumber;
}
}
public interface IAccountObserver
{
void Update(UserAccountArgs args);
}
public class Emailer : IAccountObserver
{
public void Update(UserAccountArgs args)
{
Console.WriteLine("消息已发送邮件至邮箱:" + args.Email);
}
}
public class Mobile : IAccountObserver
{
public void Update(UserAccountArgs args)
{
Console.WriteLine("消息已发送短信至手机:" + args.PhoneNumber);
}
}
public class Subject
{
List<IAccountObserver> list = new List<IAccountObserver>();
//通知
public void Notify(UserAccountArgs args)
{
foreach (var item in list)
{
item.Update(args);
}
}
//添加
public void AddObserver(IAccountObserver observer)
{
list.Add(observer);
}
//移除
public void RemoveObserver(IAccountObserver observer)
{
list.Remove(observer);
}
}
public class BankAccount : Subject
{
public void Withdraw()
{
Console.WriteLine("取钱完成!");
UserAccountArgs args = new UserAccountArgs("ccx@126.com", "1353463213");
Notify(args);
}
}
}
我的博客园原文网址:http://www.cnblogs.com/cxeye/archive/2012/09/03/2669292.html