缺省适配模式

1.概述

缺省适配模式是适配器模式的一个特例。它为一个接口提供缺省实现，这样子类型就可以从这个缺省实现扩展，而不用实现原接口所有的方法。这个原来的接口就是Adaptee，缺省实现是一个用类（可以是抽象类）实现的Adapter。

2.模式结构

接口Adaptee中有3个或者更多接口方法，而Adapter为所有的接口方法提供了缺省实现，扩展时就不用被迫实现所有的方法，只需要实现自己需要的方法。

3.适用场景

在java中，WindowListener有7个方法。

public interface WindowListener extends EventListener {
    /**
     * Invoked the first time a window is made visible.
     */
    public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e);

    /**
     * Invoked when the user attempts to close the window
     * from the window's system menu.
     */
    public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e);

    /**
     * Invoked when a window has been closed as the result
     * of calling dispose on the window.
     */
    public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e);

    /**
     * Invoked when a window is changed from a normal to a
     * minimized state. For many platforms, a minimized window
     * is displayed as the icon specified in the window's
     * iconImage property.
     * @see java.awt.Frame#setIconImage
     */
    public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e);

    /**
     * Invoked when a window is changed from a minimized
     * to a normal state.
     */
    public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e);

    /**
     * Invoked when the Window is set to be the active Window. Only a Frame or
     * a Dialog can be the active Window. The native windowing system may
     * denote the active Window or its children with special decorations, such
     * as a highlighted title bar. The active Window is always either the
     * focused Window, or the first Frame or Dialog that is an owner of the
     * focused Window.
     */
    public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e);

    /**
     * Invoked when a Window is no longer the active Window. Only a Frame or a
     * Dialog can be the active Window. The native windowing system may denote
     * the active Window or its children with special decorations, such as a
     * highlighted title bar. The active Window is always either the focused
     * Window, or the first Frame or Dialog that is an owner of the focused
     * Window.
     */
    public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e);
}

如果需要实现它，就必须实现所有的7个方法。

好在java设计师提供了WindowAdapter这个缺省实现

public abstract class WindowAdapter
    implements WindowListener, WindowStateListener, WindowFocusListener
{
    /**
     * Invoked when a window has been opened.
     */
    public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {}

    /**
     * Invoked when a window is in the process of being closed.
     * The close operation can be overridden at this point.
     */
    public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {}

    /**
     * Invoked when a window has been closed.
     */
    public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {}

    /**
     * Invoked when a window is iconified.
     */
    public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) {}

    /**
     * Invoked when a window is de-iconified.
     */
    public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) {}

    /**
     * Invoked when a window is activated.
     */
    public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {}

    /**
     * Invoked when a window is de-activated.
     */
    public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) {}

    /**
     * Invoked when a window state is changed.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public void windowStateChanged(WindowEvent e) {}

    /**
     * Invoked when the Window is set to be the focused Window, which means
     * that the Window, or one of its subcomponents, will receive keyboard
     * events.
     *
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public void windowGainedFocus(WindowEvent e) {}

    /**
     * Invoked when the Window is no longer the focused Window, which means
     * that keyboard events will no longer be delivered to the Window or any of
     * its subcomponents.
     *
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public void windowLostFocus(WindowEvent e) {}
}

我们就可以实现WindowAdapter，进行有选择的实现。