- 说明:这是武汉理工大学计算机学院【数据结构】课程的第一次实验:线性表的应用---成绩有序表的建立以及合并
- 武汉理工大学计算机专业课程资料汇总:https://cxhit.blog.csdn.net/article/details/112465790
- >>点击查看WUTer计算机专业实验汇总
- 谨记:纸上得来终觉浅,绝知此事要躬行。
实验一:线性表的应用
学时:2学时
实验目的:
掌握线性表的基本结构和操作方法,培养学生灵活使用表解决实际问题的能力。
实验内容:
一条记录有学号和成绩两个数据项,按成绩由大到小建立两个有序表(分别用顺序表和链式表实现),并合并成一个有序表。
第一个表输入的数据如下(学号,成绩):(1,70),(2,85), (3,75), (4,90),
第二个表输入的数据如下(学号,成绩):(5,60),(6,80), (7,76),(8,50)。
提示:
1,编写初始化函数,插入函数,显示函数,释放函数,对两个表统一处理。
2,编写合并函数,把两个有序表合并成一个新的有序表(保留原表)。
3,分别用顺序表和链表实现。
源代码①:顺序表实现
// *.cpp: 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define LIST_INIT_SIZE 100
#define LISTINCREASE 10
#define Status int
#define SCORE double
#define NUMBER int
#define OK 1
#define ERROR 0
#define OVERFLOW -2
#define EXIST 2
//定义线性表
typedef struct {
NUMBER *num;
SCORE *score;
int length;
int listsize;
}SqList1;
//初始化线性表
Status InitList(SqList1 &L) {
L.num = (NUMBER *)malloc(LIST_INIT_SIZE * sizeof(NUMBER));
L.score = (SCORE *)malloc(LIST_INIT_SIZE * sizeof(SCORE));
if (!L.num) exit(OVERFLOW);
L.length = 0;
L.listsize = LIST_INIT_SIZE;
return OK;
}
//将数据输入到线性表1 中,并按照成绩有大到小排序
Status InsertSqList1(SqList1 &L, NUMBER num, SCORE score) {
int i;
if (L.length == L.listsize)
return OVERFLOW;
if (L.length == 0) {
L.num[0] = num;
L.score[0] = score;
L.length++;
return OK;
}
for (i = 0; i < L.length; i++) {
if (num ==L.num[i]) return EXIST;
}
for (i = L.length; i > 0, score < L.score[i - 1]; i--) {
L.num[i] = L.num[i-1];
L.score[i] = L.score[i-1];
}
L.num[i] = num;
L.score[i] = score;
L.length++;
return OK;
}
//将两个成绩单合并
void MergeList_Sq(SqList1 &L1, SqList1 &L2, SqList1 &L3) {
int i=0,j=0,k=0;
while (i < L1.length && j < L2.length) {
if (L1.score[i] <= L2.score[j])
{
L3.num[k] = L1.num[i];
L3.score[k] = L1.score[i];
L3.length++;
i++;
k++;
}
else
{
L3.num[k] = L2.num[j];
L3.score[k] = L2.score[j];
L3.length++;
j++;
k++;
}
}
while (i<L1.length)
{
L3.num[k] = L1.num[i];
L3.score[k] = L1.score[i];
L3.length++;
i++;
k++;
}
while (j<L2.length)
{
L3.num[k] = L2.num[j];
L3.score[k] = L2.score[j];
L3.length++;
j++;
k++;
}
}
//打印成绩单
void PrintList(SqList1 &L) {
int i;
if (L.length == 0) {
cout << "无任何成绩数据!\n";
return;
}
cout << "学号\t成绩\n";
for (i = L.length-1; i >=0; i--) {
cout << L.num[i] << "\t" << L.score[i] << endl;
}
cout << endl;
return;
}
//主函数
int main(){
SqList1 L1, L2, L3;
NUMBER num;
SCORE score;
InitList(L1);
InitList(L2);
InitList(L3);
cout << "-->1:将成绩输入到成绩单1中 \n-->2:将成绩输入到成绩单2中\n-->3:打印成绩单1\n-->4:打印成绩单2\n-->5:将成绩单1、2合并并输出\n" << endl;
int choice,flag;
while (1)
{
cout << "请输入操作项:";
cin >> choice;
switch (choice) {
case 1:
cout << "请输入学号、成绩:";
cin >> num >> score;
flag = InsertSqList1(L1, num, score);
if (flag == OK) cout << "成绩输入成功!\n\n";
if (flag == OVERFLOW) cout << "空间不足,输入成绩失败!\n\n";
if (flag == EXIST) cout << "该考生号已存在! 输入成绩失败!\n\n";
break;
case 2:
cout << "请输入学号、成绩:";
cin >> num >> score;
flag = InsertSqList1(L2, num, score);
if (flag == OK) cout << "成绩输入成功!\n\n";
if (flag == OVERFLOW) cout << "空间不足,输入成绩失败!\n\n";
if (flag == EXIST) cout << "该考生号已存在! 输入成绩失败!\n\n";
break;
case 3:
PrintList(L1);
break;
case 4:
PrintList(L2);
break;
case 5:
MergeList_Sq(L1, L2, L3);
cout << "合并成功,即将输出:\n";
PrintList(L3);
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
运行结果①:
源代码②:链式表实现
// 线性表的应用 链式表实现.cpp: 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define Status int
#define NUMBER int
#define SCORE double
#define OK 1
#define ERROR 0
#define OVERFLOW -2
#define NULL 0
#define EXIST 2
#define Status int
//定义链表
typedef struct LNode {
NUMBER num;
SCORE score;
LNode *next;
}LNode, *LinkList;
//将数据按照顺序插入到链表中
Status InsertList(LinkList &L,NUMBER num,SCORE score) {
LinkList p, q;
q = new LNode;
q->num = num;
q->score = score;
if (L == NULL) { //如果是空表,直接将数据插入到头指针处
L = q;
L->next = NULL;
return OK;
}
if (L->score < score) { //插入头部
q->next = L;
L = q;
return OK;
}
p = L;
while (p->next != NULL && p->next->score > score ) //进行比较数据大小 寻找插入点
p = p->next;
q->next = p->next;
p->next = q;
return OK;
}
//合并两个链表
Status CombineList(LinkList &L1, LinkList &L2, LinkList &L) {
LinkList p1, p2;
p1 = L1;
p2 = L2;
if (p1 == NULL && p2 == NULL) {
return ERROR;
}
while (p1 != NULL) {
InsertList(L, p1->num, p1->score);
p1 = p1->next;
}
while(p2 != NULL) {
InsertList(L, p2->num, p2->score);
p2 = p2->next;
}
return OK;
}
//打印链表
Status PrintList(LinkList &L) {
LinkList p;
p = L;
if (L==NULL){
return ERROR;
}
cout << "学号\t成绩" << endl;
while (p != NULL){
cout << p->num << "\t" << p->score << endl;
p = p->next;
}
cout << endl;
return OK;
}
int main()
{
LinkList L1, L2,L;
L1 = NULL; L2 = NULL;L=NULL;
NUMBER num;
SCORE score;
cout << "-->1:将成绩输入到成绩单1中 \n-->2:将成绩输入到成绩单2中\n-->3:打印成绩单1\n-->4:打印成绩单2\n-->5:合并成绩单1、2" << endl;
int choice, flag;
while (1)
{
cout << "请输入操作项:";
cin >> choice;
switch (choice) {
case 1:
cout << "请输入学号、成绩:";
cin >> num >> score;
flag = InsertList(L1, num, score);
if (flag == OK) cout << "成绩输入成功!\n\n";
if (flag == OVERFLOW) cout << "空间不足,输入成绩失败!\n\n";
if (flag == EXIST) cout << "该考生号已存在! 输入成绩失败!\n\n";
break;
case 2:
cout << "请输入学号、成绩:";
cin >> num >> score;
flag = InsertList(L2, num, score);
if (flag == OK) cout << "成绩输入成功!\n\n";
if (flag == OVERFLOW) cout << "空间不足,输入成绩失败!\n\n";
if (flag == EXIST) cout << "该考生号已存在! 输入成绩失败!\n\n";
break;
case 3:
flag = PrintList(L1);
if (flag == ERROR) cout << "当前成绩单为空!请导入成绩!" << endl << endl;
break;
case 4:
flag = PrintList(L2);
if (flag == ERROR) cout << "当前成绩单为空!请导入成绩!" << endl << endl;
break;
case 5:
cout << "合并成绩单L1和L2:\n";
flag = CombineList(L1, L2, L);
if(flag == ERROR) cout << "当前成绩单为空!请导入成绩!" << endl << endl;
PrintList(L);
break;
}
}
return 0;
}