HttpClient使用连接池PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InterruptedIOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 
import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException;
 
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntityEnclosingRequest;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.HttpRequest;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.NoHttpResponseException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpRequestRetryHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase;
import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext;
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.ConnectTimeoutException;
import org.apache.http.conn.routing.HttpRoute;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.LayeredConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
 

public class HttpClientUtil {
 
    static final int timeOut = 1000;
    private CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
    private IdleConnectionMonitorThread idleConnectionMonitor = null;
    private final static Object syncLock = new Object();
 
    private static void config(HttpRequestBase httpRequestBase) {
        // 设置Header等
        // httpRequestBase.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0");
        // httpRequestBase
        // .setHeader("Accept",
        // "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8");
        // httpRequestBase.setHeader("Accept-Language",
        // "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3");// "en-US,en;q=0.5");
        // httpRequestBase.setHeader("Accept-Charset",
        // "ISO-8859-1,utf-8,gbk,gb2312;q=0.7,*;q=0.7");
 
        // 配置请求的超时设置
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
                .setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeOut)
                .setConnectTimeout(timeOut).setSocketTimeout(timeOut).build();
        httpRequestBase.setConfig(requestConfig);
    }
 
    public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient(String url) {
        String hostname = url.split("/")[2];
        int port = 80;
        if (hostname.contains(":")) {
            String[] arr = hostname.split(":");
            hostname = arr[0];
            port = Integer.parseInt(arr[1]);
        }
        if (httpClient == null) {
            synchronized (syncLock) {
                if (httpClient == null) {
                    httpClient = createHttpClient(1024, 32, 64, hostname, port);
                }
            }
        }
        return httpClient;
    }
 
    public static CloseableHttpClient createHttpClient(int maxTotal,int maxPerRoute, int maxRoute, String hostname, int port) {
        
        PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
        // 设置最大连接数
        cm.setMaxTotal(maxTotal);
        // 将每个路由默认最大连接数
        cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(maxPerRoute);
        HttpHost httpHost = new HttpHost(hostname, port);
        // 设置目标主机对应的路由的最大连接数，会覆盖setDefaultMaxPerRoute设置的默认值
        cm.setMaxPerRoute(new HttpRoute(httpHost), maxRoute);
 
        // 请求重试处理
        HttpRequestRetryHandler httpRequestRetryHandler = new HttpRequestRetryHandler() {
            public boolean retryRequest(IOException exception,int executionCount, HttpContext context) {
                if (executionCount >= 3) {// 如果已经重试了3次，就放弃
                    return false;
                }
                if (exception instanceof NoHttpResponseException) {// 如果服务器丢掉了连接，那么就重试
                    return true;
                }
                if (exception instanceof SSLHandshakeException) {// 不要重试SSL握手异常
                    return false;
                }
                if (exception instanceof InterruptedIOException) {// 超时
                    return false;
                }
                if (exception instanceof UnknownHostException) {// 目标服务器不可达
                    return false;
                }
                if (exception instanceof ConnectTimeoutException) {// 连接被拒绝
                    return false;
                }
                if (exception instanceof SSLException) {// SSL握手异常
                    return false;
                }
 
                HttpClientContext clientContext = HttpClientContext.adapt(context);
                HttpRequest request = clientContext.getRequest();
                // 如果请求是幂等的，就再次尝试
                if (!(request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequest)) {
                    return true;
                }
                return false;
            }
        };
 
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(cm).setRetryHandler(httpRequestRetryHandler).build();
        idleConnectionMonitor = new IdleConnectionMonitorThread(cm);
        idleConnectionMonitor.start();
 
        return httpClient;
    }
 
    private static void setPostParams(HttpPost httpost,Map<String, Object> params) {
        List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
        Set<String> keySet = params.keySet();
        for (String key : keySet) {
            nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key).toString()));
        }
        try {
            httpost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, "UTF-8"));
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
 
    public static String post(String url, Map<String, Object> params) throws IOException {
        HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);
        config(httppost);
        setPostParams(httppost, params);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            response = getHttpClient(url).execute(httppost,HttpClientContext.create());
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
            EntityUtils.consume(entity);
            return result;
        } catch (Exception e) {
//          e.printStackTrace();
            throw e;
        } finally {
            try {
                if (response != null)
                    response.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
 
    public static String get(String url) {
        HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(url);
        config(httpget);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            response = getHttpClient(url).execute(httpget,HttpClientContext.create());
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
            EntityUtils.consume(entity);   //关闭HttpEntity是的流，如果手动关闭了InputStream instream = entity.getContent();这个流，也可以不调用这个方法
            return result;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (response != null)
                    response.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
    
    //用于监控空闲的连接池连接
    private final class IdleConnectionMonitorThread extends Thread {
        private final HttpClientConnectionManager connMgr;
        private volatile boolean shutdown;

        private static final int MONITOR_INTERVAL_MS = 2000;
        private static final int IDLE_ALIVE_MS = 5000;

        public IdleConnectionMonitorThread(HttpClientConnectionManager connMgr) {
             super();
             this.connMgr = connMgr;
             this.shutdown = false;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                while (!shutdown) {
                    synchronized (this) {
                        wait(MONITOR_INTERVAL_MS);
                        // 关闭无效的连接
                        connMgr.closeExpiredConnections();
                        // 关闭空闲时间超过IDLE_ALIVE_MS的连接
                        connMgr.closeIdleConnections(IDLE_ALIVE_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
                }
            }
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        // 关闭后台连接
        public void shutdown() {
            shutdown = true;
            synchronized (this) {
                notifyAll();
            }
        }
    }
 
}

maven依赖：

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
   <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
   <version>4.4.6</version>
</dependency>

参考链接：

https://www.yeetrack.com/?p=782

http://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-4.5.x/tutorial/html/fundamentals.html

https://ouqi.iteye.com/blog/1844284