Java –将文件转换为字符串

在Java中，我们有很多方法可以将File转换为String。

文本文件，供以后测试。

c:\\projects\\app.log

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1. Java 11 – Files.readString

在java.nio.file.Files添加了一个新方法Files.readString ，它使从File中读取字符串变得更加容易。

FileToString1.java

package com.mkyong;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;

public class FileToString1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String path = "c:\\projects\\app.log";

        try {

            // default StandardCharsets.UTF_8
            String content = Files.readString(Paths.get(path));
            System.out.println(content);

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

Terminal

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B
C
D
E

2. Java 8 – Files.lines

将文件转换为Stream并加入。

FileToString2.java

package com.mkyong;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class FileToString2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String path = "c:\\projects\\app.log";

        try (Stream<String> lines = Files.lines(Paths.get(path))) {

            // Formatting like \r\n will be lost
            // String content = lines.collect(Collectors.joining());

            // UNIX \n, WIndows \r\n
            String content = lines.collect(Collectors.joining(System.lineSeparator()));
            System.out.println(content);

			// File to List
            //List<String> list = lines.collect(Collectors.toList());

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

Terminal

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C
D
E

3. Java 7 – Files.readAllLines

将文件转换为List

FileExample3.java

package com.mkyong;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;

public class FileToString3 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String path = "c:\\projects\\app.log";

        try {

            // default StandardCharsets.UTF_8
            // Java 8
            // List<String> content = Files.readAllLines(Paths.get(path));

			// Java 7
            List<String> content = Files.readAllLines(Paths.get(path), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);

            System.out.println(content);

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

输出量

Terminal

[A, B, C, D, E]

4. Apache Commons IO

pom.xml

<dependency>
		<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
		<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
		<version>2.6</version>
	</dependency>

FileToString4.java

package com.mkyong;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

public class FileToString4 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String path = "c:\\projects\\app.log";

        try {
            String content = FileUtils.readFileToString(new File(path), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            System.out.println(content);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

输出量

Terminal

A
B
C
D
E

参考文献

• 文件JavaDocs
• BufferedReader JavaDocs
• 如何用Java读取文件– BufferedReader
• Java 8 Stream –逐行读取文件

标记： Java 11 Java 7 Java 8 java.io java.nio

翻译自: https://mkyong.com/java/java-convert-file-to-string/