如何在Java中获取HTTP响应标头

本示例说明如何获取Java中的Http响应标头值。

1.标准JDK示例。

URL obj = new URL("http://mkyong.com");
	URLConnection conn = obj.openConnection();
	
	//get all headers
	Map<String, List<String>> map = conn.getHeaderFields();
	for (Map.Entry<String, List<String>> entry : map.entrySet()) {
		System.out.println("Key : " + entry.getKey() + 
                 " ,Value : " + entry.getValue());
	}
	
	//get header by 'key'
	String server = conn.getHeaderField("Server");

2. Apache HttpClient示例。

HttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
	HttpGet request = new HttpGet("http://mkyong.com");
	HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
	
	//get all headers		
	Header[] headers = response.getAllHeaders();
	for (Header header : headers) {
		System.out.println("Key : " + header.getName() 
		      + " ,Value : " + header.getValue());
	}

	//get header by 'key'
	String server = response.getFirstHeader("Server").getValue();

1. URLConnection示例

查看完整的示例，以通过URLConnection获取响应头的值。

ResponseHeaderUtil.java

package com.mkyong;

import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class ResponseHeaderUtil {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    try {

	URL obj = new URL("http://mkyong.com");
	URLConnection conn = obj.openConnection();
	Map<String, List<String>> map = conn.getHeaderFields();

	System.out.println("Printing Response Header...\n");

	for (Map.Entry<String, List<String>> entry : map.entrySet()) {
		System.out.println("Key : " + entry.getKey() 
                           + " ,Value : " + entry.getValue());
	}

	System.out.println("\nGet Response Header By Key ...\n");
	String server = conn.getHeaderField("Server");

	if (server == null) {
		System.out.println("Key 'Server' is not found!");
	} else {
		System.out.println("Server - " + server);
	}

	System.out.println("\n Done");

    } catch (Exception e) {
	e.printStackTrace();
    }

  }
}

输出量

Printing Response Header...

Key : null ,Value : [HTTP/1.1 200 OK]
Key : ETag ,Value : ["713cd-9b82-4dd6d789447c0"]
Key : Content-Length ,Value : [39810]
Key : Expires ,Value : [Fri, 24 May 2013 03:22:31 GMT]
Key : Last-Modified ,Value : [Fri, 24 May 2013 02:22:31 GMT]
Key : Connection ,Value : [Keep-Alive]
Key : X-Powered-By ,Value : [W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.9]
Key : Server ,Value : [Apache/2.2.22 (Unix) mod_ssl/2.2.22 OpenSSL/1.0.0-fips mod_auth_passthrough/2.1 mod_bwlimited/1.4 FrontPage/5.0.2.2635]
Key : Pragma ,Value : [public]
Key : Cache-Control ,Value : [public]
Key : Date ,Value : [Fri, 24 May 2013 02:22:37 GMT]
Key : Vary ,Value : [Accept-Encoding,Cookie]
Key : Keep-Alive ,Value : [timeout=2, max=100]
Key : Content-Type ,Value : [text/html]
Key : Accept-Ranges ,Value : [bytes]

Get Response Header By Key ...

Server - Apache/2.2.22 (Unix) mod_ssl/2.2.22 OpenSSL/1.0.0-fips mod_auth_passthrough/2.1 mod_bwlimited/1.4 FrontPage/5.0.2.2635

Done

2. Apache HttpClient示例

这是一个等效的示例，但使用的是Apache HttpClient。

ResponseHeaderUtil.java

package com.mkyong;

import org.apache.http.Header;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;

public class ResponseHeaderUtil {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    try {

	HttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
	HttpGet request = new HttpGet("http://mkyong.com");
	HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
			
	System.out.println("Printing Response Header...\n");

	Header[] headers = response.getAllHeaders();
	for (Header header : headers) {
		System.out.println("Key : " + header.getName() 
                           + " ,Value : " + header.getValue());

	}

	System.out.println("\nGet Response Header By Key ...\n");
	String server = response.getFirstHeader("Server").getValue();

	if (server == null) {
		System.out.println("Key 'Server' is not found!");
	} else {
		System.out.println("Server - " + server);
	}

	System.out.println("\n Done");

    } catch (Exception e) {
	e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

参考文献

1. Wiki：HTTP标头字段列表
2. 如何在Java中获取HTTP请求标头
3. URLConnection.html＃getHeaderFields（）Java文档
4. Apache Http组件– HttpClient
5. 如何在Java中发送HTTP请求GET / POST

标签： 标头 httpclient 响应标头

翻译自: https://mkyong.com/java/how-to-get-http-response-header-in-java/