java中可以使用jol-core工具查看对象内存布局,以下代码均在64位Hotspot虚拟机中实现。
引入:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.openjdk.jol</groupId>
<artifactId>jol-core</artifactId>
<version>0.14</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
示例代码:
public class Test {
//开启指针压缩
public static void main(String[] args) {
Object object = new Object();
System.out.println(ClassLayout.parseInstance(object).toPrintable());
}
}
运行结果:
new Object() = markword8字节+对象指针(压缩)4字节+padding4个字节 = 16字节。
关闭指针压缩:-XX:-UseCompressedOops
new Object() = markword8字节+对象指针8字节 = 16字节。
我们来看下面的类在内存中占几个字节
class TestJz{
public TestJz() {
}
private int age;
private String name;
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
执行结果默认开启压缩:
com.ybc.study.TestJz object internals:
OFFSET SIZE TYPE DESCRIPTION VALUE
0 4 (object header) 01 00 00 00 (00000001 00000000 00000000 00000000) (1)
4 4 (object header) 00 00 00 00 (00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000) (0)
8 4 (object header) 43 c0 00 f8 (01000011 11000000 00000000 11111000) (-134168509)
12 4 int TestJz.age 0
16 4 java.lang.String TestJz.name null
20 4 (loss due to the next object alignment)
Instance size: 24 bytes
Space losses: 0 bytes internal + 4 bytes external = 4 bytes total
new TestJz() = markword8字节+对象指针(压缩)4字节+age4个字节+name(压缩)4个字节+padding4个字节 = 24字节。
padding规则:内存大小是8的倍数,不足的padding补齐(对齐性填充在域变量区域之前或者末尾(全为8字节长度类型时,补位在前,否则补位在后))。
未压缩的情况下:
com.ybc.study.TestJz object internals:
OFFSET SIZE TYPE DESCRIPTION VALUE
0 4 (object header) 01 00 00 00 (00000001 00000000 00000000 00000000) (1)
4 4 (object header) 00 00 00 00 (00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000) (0)
8 4 (object header) 78 0c 53 1c (01111000 00001100 01010011 00011100) (475204728)
12 4 (object header) 00 00 00 00 (00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000) (0)
16 4 int TestJz.age 0
20 4 (alignment/padding gap)
24 8 java.lang.String TestJz.name null
Instance size: 32 bytes
Space losses: 4 bytes internal + 0 bytes external = 4 bytes total
我们可以看到,对象指针变成8个字节 ,name变成了8个字节,4个字节的padding。
备注:不同虚拟机对象头的大小是不一样的。