对于队列的思考
队列拥有的特性和栈相反,即:栈先进后出,队列先进先出。
而与栈相同的是,栈仍然也是线性的存储结构进行存储,而与栈相同的是,需要频繁的进行入队和出队,因此仍然可以采用栈的相同方式进行类似的实现。
详细参考:C++封装栈
开始栈的封装
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">#ifndef ZQueue_hpp #define ZQueue_hpp #include <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"ZLinkedList.hpp"</span> #include <stdio.h> namespace ZTemplate { template<class T> class ZQueue : <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> ZLinkedList<T> { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span>: ZQueue<T>(); virtual ~ZQueue<T>(){} <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * 入队 *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> val 要入队的值 */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> enqueue(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">const</span> T &val); <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * 出队 */</span> T dequeue(); <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * 队列是否空 *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @return</span> 返回是否空队列 */</span> bool empty() <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">const</span>; <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * 获取队列元素个数 *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @return</span> 返回队列中元素个数 */</span> z_size count() <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">const</span>; }; template<class T> ZQueue<T>::ZQueue() : ZLinkedList<T>() { } template<class T> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> ZQueue<T>::enqueue(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">const</span> T &val) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>->push_back(val); } template<class T> T ZQueue<T>::dequeue() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>->pop(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>); } template<class T> bool ZQueue<T>::empty() <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">const</span> { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>->isEmpty(); } template<class T> z_size ZQueue<T>::count() <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">const</span> { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>->_length; } } #endif <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* ZQueue_hpp */</span> </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; 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以上代码即为队列的封装。