微信公众号开发（一）

[参考文章：Java微信公众号服务器配置（验证Token）]

非开发者模式

1.设置公众号自定义菜单

登入微信公众号后台，找到自定义菜单设置菜单即可

开发者模式

1.开启开放者模式（注意：非开发者模式的一些配置将会失效，例如：自定义菜单）

 服务器地址指导是如：在阿里云购买的服务器，且拥有域名的服务器（定义一个与微信公众号服务器交互的接口地址）

令牌为自己填写的，在你的服务器上编写代码时需要用到

消息加解密密钥，自动生成，与令牌一样需要复制下来，先保存以备后用

填写完毕先不提交，等你更新服务器代码后再提交
 

  服务器地址: xxx.xxx.com/WinxinCallable/verifyWxToken 

（注意需要设置成GET请求，后续开启开发者模式后需注释掉此段代码）

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/WinxinCallable")
public class WinxinCallable{
   
    @ResponseBody
    @GetMapping(value = "/verifyWxToken")
    @RequestNoneAuthentication
    public String verifyWxToken(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
        logger.error("==========verifyWxToken====join====");
        String msgSignature = request.getParameter("signature");
        String msgTimestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");
        String msgNonce = request.getParameter("nonce");
        String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr");
        try {
            checkStaticAttribute();
            WXBizMsgCrypt pc = new WXBizMsgCrypt(token, encodingaeskey, appId);
            //token为你填写的令牌，encodingaeskey消息加解密密钥,appId微信公众号的appId
            String result=pc.verifyUrl(msgSignature, msgTimestamp, msgNonce,echostr);
            logger.error("==========Success======result:"+result);
            return result;
        }catch (Exception e){
            logger.error("==========Fail======msg:"+e.getMessage());
            return "";
        }
    }
}

WXBizMsgCrypt 微信公众号官网下载的 

import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;

/**
 * 提供接收和推送给公众平台消息的加解密接口(UTF8编码的字符串).
 * <ol>
 * 	<li>第三方回复加密消息给公众平台</li>
 * 	<li>第三方收到公众平台发送的消息，验证消息的安全性，并对消息进行解密。</li>
 * </ol>
 * 说明：异常java.security.InvalidKeyException:illegal Key Size的解决方案
 * <ol>
 * 	<li>在官方网站下载JCE无限制权限策略文件（JDK7的下载地址：
 *      http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jce-7-download-432124.html</li>
 * 	<li>下载后解压，可以看到local_policy.jar和US_export_policy.jar以及readme.txt</li>
 * 	<li>如果安装了JRE，将两个jar文件放到%JRE_HOME%\lib\security目录下覆盖原来的文件</li>
 * 	<li>如果安装了JDK，将两个jar文件放到%JDK_HOME%\jre\lib\security目录下覆盖原来文件</li>
 * </ol>
 */
public class WXBizMsgCrypt {
	static Charset CHARSET = Charset.forName("utf-8");
	Base64 base64 = new Base64();
	byte[] aesKey;
	String token;
	String appId;

	/**
	 * 构造函数
	 * @param token 公众平台上，开发者设置的token
	 * @param encodingAesKey 公众平台上，开发者设置的EncodingAESKey
	 * @param appId 公众平台appid
	 * 
	 * @throws AesException 执行失败，请查看该异常的错误码和具体的错误信息
	 */
	public WXBizMsgCrypt(String token, String encodingAesKey, String appId) throws AesException {
		if (encodingAesKey.length() != 43) {
			throw new AesException(AesException.IllegalAesKey);
		}

		this.token = token;
		this.appId = appId;
		aesKey = Base64.decodeBase64(encodingAesKey + "=");
	}

	// 生成4个字节的网络字节序
	byte[] getNetworkBytesOrder(int sourceNumber) {
		byte[] orderBytes = new byte[4];
		orderBytes[3] = (byte) (sourceNumber & 0xFF);
		orderBytes[2] = (byte) (sourceNumber >> 8 & 0xFF);
		orderBytes[1] = (byte) (sourceNumber >> 16 & 0xFF);
		orderBytes[0] = (byte) (sourceNumber >> 24 & 0xFF);
		return orderBytes;
	}

	// 还原4个字节的网络字节序
	int recoverNetworkBytesOrder(byte[] orderBytes) {
		int sourceNumber = 0;
		for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
			sourceNumber <<= 8;
			sourceNumber |= orderBytes[i] & 0xff;
		}
		return sourceNumber;
	}

	// 随机生成16位字符串
	public String getRandomStr() {
		String base = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
		Random random = new Random();
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
			int number = random.nextInt(base.length());
			sb.append(base.charAt(number));
		}
		return sb.toString();
	}

	/**
	 * 对明文进行加密.
	 * 
	 * @param text 需要加密的明文
	 * @return 加密后base64编码的字符串
	 * @throws AesException aes加密失败
	 */
	String encrypt(String randomStr, String text) throws AesException {
		ByteGroup byteCollector = new ByteGroup();
		byte[] randomStrBytes = randomStr.getBytes(CHARSET);
		byte[] textBytes = text.getBytes(CHARSET);
		byte[] networkBytesOrder = getNetworkBytesOrder(textBytes.length);
		byte[] appidBytes = appId.getBytes(CHARSET);

		// randomStr + networkBytesOrder + text + appid
		byteCollector.addBytes(randomStrBytes);
		byteCollector.addBytes(networkBytesOrder);
		byteCollector.addBytes(textBytes);
		byteCollector.addBytes(appidBytes);

		// ... + pad: 使用自定义的填充方式对明文进行补位填充
		byte[] padBytes = PKCS7Encoder.encode(byteCollector.size());
		byteCollector.addBytes(padBytes);

		// 获得最终的字节流, 未加密
		byte[] unencrypted = byteCollector.toBytes();

		try {
			// 设置加密模式为AES的CBC模式
			Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/NoPadding");
			SecretKeySpec keySpec = new SecretKeySpec(aesKey, "AES");
			IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(aesKey, 0, 16);
			cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, keySpec, iv);

			// 加密
			byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(unencrypted);

			// 使用BASE64对加密后的字符串进行编码
			String base64Encrypted = base64.encodeToString(encrypted);

			return base64Encrypted;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new AesException(AesException.EncryptAESError);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 对密文进行解密.
	 * 
	 * @param text 需要解密的密文
	 * @return 解密得到的明文
	 * @throws AesException aes解密失败
	 */
	public String decrypt(String text) throws AesException {
		byte[] original;
		try {
			// 设置解密模式为AES的CBC模式
			Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/NoPadding");
			SecretKeySpec key_spec = new SecretKeySpec(aesKey, "AES");
			IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(Arrays.copyOfRange(aesKey, 0, 16));
			cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key_spec, iv);

			// 使用BASE64对密文进行解码
			byte[] encrypted = Base64.decodeBase64(text);

			// 解密
			original = cipher.doFinal(encrypted);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new AesException(AesException.DecryptAESError);
		}

		String xmlContent, from_appid;
		try {
			// 去除补位字符
			byte[] bytes = PKCS7Encoder.decode(original);

			// 分离16位随机字符串,网络字节序和AppId
			byte[] networkOrder = Arrays.copyOfRange(bytes, 16, 20);

			int xmlLength = recoverNetworkBytesOrder(networkOrder);

			xmlContent = new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(bytes, 20, 20 + xmlLength), CHARSET);
			from_appid = new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(bytes, 20 + xmlLength, bytes.length),
					CHARSET);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new AesException(AesException.IllegalBuffer);
		}

		// appid不相同的情况
		if (!from_appid.equals(appId)) {
			throw new AesException(AesException.ValidateAppidError);
		}
		return xmlContent;

	}

	/**
	 * 将公众平台回复用户的消息加密打包.
	 * <ol>
	 * 	<li>对要发送的消息进行AES-CBC加密</li>
	 * 	<li>生成安全签名</li>
	 * 	<li>将消息密文和安全签名打包成xml格式</li>
	 * </ol>
	 * 
	 * @param replyMsg 公众平台待回复用户的消息，xml格式的字符串
	 * @param timeStamp 时间戳，可以自己生成，也可以用URL参数的timestamp
	 * @param nonce 随机串，可以自己生成，也可以用URL参数的nonce
	 * 
	 * @return 加密后的可以直接回复用户的密文，包括msg_signature, timestamp, nonce, encrypt的xml格式的字符串
	 * @throws AesException 执行失败，请查看该异常的错误码和具体的错误信息
	 */
	public String encryptMsg(String replyMsg, String timeStamp, String nonce) throws AesException {
		// 加密
		String encrypt = encrypt(getRandomStr(), replyMsg);

		// 生成安全签名
		if (timeStamp == "") {
			timeStamp = Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis());
		}

		String signature = SHA1.getSHA1(token, timeStamp, nonce, encrypt);

		// System.out.println("发送给平台的签名是: " + signature[1].toString());
		// 生成发送的xml
		String result = XMLParse.generate(encrypt, signature, timeStamp, nonce);
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 检验消息的真实性，并且获取解密后的明文.
	 * <ol>
	 * 	<li>利用收到的密文生成安全签名，进行签名验证</li>
	 * 	<li>若验证通过，则提取xml中的加密消息</li>
	 * 	<li>对消息进行解密</li>
	 * </ol>
	 * 
	 * @param msgSignature 签名串，对应URL参数的msg_signature
	 * @param timeStamp 时间戳，对应URL参数的timestamp
	 * @param nonce 随机串，对应URL参数的nonce
	 * @param postData 密文，对应POST请求的数据
	 * 
	 * @return 解密后的原文
	 * @throws AesException 执行失败，请查看该异常的错误码和具体的错误信息
	 */
	public String decryptMsg(String msgSignature, String timeStamp, String nonce, String postData)
			throws AesException {

		// 密钥，公众账号的app secret
		// 提取密文
		Object[] encrypt = XMLParse.extract(postData);

		// 验证安全签名
		String signature = SHA1.getSHA1(token, timeStamp, nonce, encrypt[1].toString());

		// 和URL中的签名比较是否相等
		// System.out.println("第三方收到URL中的签名：" + msg_sign);
		// System.out.println("第三方校验签名：" + signature);
		if (!signature.equals(msgSignature)) {
			throw new AesException(AesException.ValidateSignatureError);
		}

		// 解密
		String result = decrypt(encrypt[1].toString());
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 验证URL
	 * @param msgSignature 签名串，对应URL参数的msg_signature
	 * @param timeStamp 时间戳，对应URL参数的timestamp
	 * @param nonce 随机串，对应URL参数的nonce
	 * @param echoStr 随机串，对应URL参数的echostr
	 * 
	 * @return 解密之后的echostr
	 * @throws AesException 执行失败，请查看该异常的错误码和具体的错误信息
	 */
	public String verifyUrl(String msgSignature, String timeStamp, String nonce, String echoStr)
			throws AesException {
		String signature = SHA1.getSHA1(token, timeStamp, nonce, echoStr);

		if (!signature.equals(msgSignature)) {
			throw new AesException(AesException.ValidateSignatureError);
		}

//		String result = decrypt(echoStr);
		return echoStr;
	}

}

SHA1

import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.util.Arrays;

/**
 * SHA1 class
 *
 * 计算公众平台的消息签名接口.
 */
class SHA1 {

	/**
	 * 用SHA1算法生成安全签名
	 * @param token 票据
	 * @param timestamp 时间戳
	 * @param nonce 随机字符串
	 * @param encrypt 密文
	 * @return 安全签名
	 * @throws AesException 
	 */
	public static String getSHA1(String token, String timestamp, String nonce, String encrypt) throws AesException
			  {
		try {
			String[] array = new String[] { token, timestamp, nonce };//去掉encrypt
			StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
			// 字符串排序
			Arrays.sort(array);
			for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
				sb.append(array[i]);
			}
			String str = sb.toString();
			// SHA1签名生成
			MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
			md.update(str.getBytes());
			byte[] digest = md.digest();

			StringBuffer hexstr = new StringBuffer();
			String shaHex = "";
			for (int i = 0; i < digest.length; i++) {
				shaHex = Integer.toHexString(digest[i] & 0xFF);
				if (shaHex.length() < 2) {
					hexstr.append(0);
				}
				hexstr.append(shaHex);
			}
			return hexstr.toString();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new AesException(AesException.ComputeSignatureError);
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 用SHA1算法生成安全签名
	 * @param token 票据
	 * @param timestamp 时间戳
	 * @param nonce 随机字符串
	 * @param encrypt 密文
	 * @return 安全签名
	 * @throws AesException
	 */
	public static String getSHA11(String token, String timestamp, String nonce, String encrypt) throws AesException
	{
		try {
			String[] array = new String[] { token, timestamp, nonce, encrypt };
			StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
			// 字符串排序
			Arrays.sort(array);
			for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
				sb.append(array[i]);
			}
			String str = sb.toString();
			// SHA1签名生成
			MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
			md.update(str.getBytes());
			byte[] digest = md.digest();

			StringBuffer hexstr = new StringBuffer();
			String shaHex = "";
			for (int i = 0; i < digest.length; i++) {
				shaHex = Integer.toHexString(digest[i] & 0xFF);
				if (shaHex.length() < 2) {
					hexstr.append(0);
				}
				hexstr.append(shaHex);
			}
			return hexstr.toString();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new AesException(AesException.ComputeSignatureError);
		}
	}
}

AesException  

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class AesException extends Exception {

	public final static int OK = 0;
	public final static int ValidateSignatureError = -40001;
	public final static int ParseXmlError = -40002;
	public final static int ComputeSignatureError = -40003;
	public final static int IllegalAesKey = -40004;
	public final static int ValidateAppidError = -40005;
	public final static int EncryptAESError = -40006;
	public final static int DecryptAESError = -40007;
	public final static int IllegalBuffer = -40008;
	//public final static int EncodeBase64Error = -40009;
	//public final static int DecodeBase64Error = -40010;
	//public final static int GenReturnXmlError = -40011;

	private int code;

	private static String getMessage(int code) {
		switch (code) {
		case ValidateSignatureError:
			return "签名验证错误";
		case ParseXmlError:
			return "xml解析失败";
		case ComputeSignatureError:
			return "sha加密生成签名失败";
		case IllegalAesKey:
			return "SymmetricKey非法";
		case ValidateAppidError:
			return "appid校验失败";
		case EncryptAESError:
			return "aes加密失败";
		case DecryptAESError:
			return "aes解密失败";
		case IllegalBuffer:
			return "解密后得到的buffer非法";
//		case EncodeBase64Error:
//			return "base64加密错误";
//		case DecodeBase64Error:
//			return "base64解密错误";
//		case GenReturnXmlError:
//			return "xml生成失败";
		default:
			return null; // cannot be
		}
	}

	public int getCode() {
		return code;
	}

	AesException(int code) {
		super(getMessage(code));
		this.code = code;
	}

将服务器代码更新后，提交修改服务器配置，失败检测配置代码，配置成功，进行下一步事件监听

微信公众号开发（二）