为啥jdbc问号占位符可以防注入

最近几天探讨一下关于sql注入的问题，以前林老师也讲过，现在总结一下，

其实，like是会注入的，也不建议用，用占位符实际查询效果不是like本身的意思，相当全匹配。

建议使用instr()函数，本文主要记录一下处理防止注入的源码，为什么用？可以防注入，而拼接的sql可以注入。

先看下面用占位符来查询的一句话

String sql = "select * from administrator where adminname=?";
psm = con.prepareStatement(sql);

String s_name ="zhangsan' or '1'='1";
psm.setString(1, s_name);

假设数据库表中并没有zhangsan这个用户名，

用plsql运行sql语句，可以查出来所有的用户名，但是在Java中并没有查出任何数据，这是为什么呢？

首先，setString()的源码中只有方法名字，并没有任何过程性处理，

那么答案肯定出现在Java到数据库这个过程中，也就是mysql和oracle驱动包中，在mysql驱动包中，PreparedStatement继承并实现了jdk中的setString方法，翻看一下源码，主要是做了转义处理，

也就是原因在于数据库厂商帮你解决了这个问题，下面就看看这个方法的具体实现：

    public void setString(int parameterIndex, String x)
            throws SQLException
        {
            if(x == null)
            {
                setNull(parameterIndex, 1);
            } else
            {
                checkClosed();
                int stringLength = x.length();
                if(connection.isNoBackslashEscapesSet())
                {
                    boolean needsHexEscape = isEscapeNeededForString(x, stringLength);
                    if(!needsHexEscape)
                    {
                        byte parameterAsBytes[] = null;
                        StringBuffer quotedString = new StringBuffer(x.length() + 2);
                        quotedString.append('\'');
                        quotedString.append(x);
                        quotedString.append('\'');
                        if(!isLoadDataQuery)
                            parameterAsBytes = StringUtils.getBytes(quotedString.toString(), charConverter, charEncoding, connection.getServerCharacterEncoding(), connection.parserKnowsUnicode());
                        else
                            parameterAsBytes = quotedString.toString().getBytes();
                        setInternal(parameterIndex, parameterAsBytes);
                    } else
                    {
                        byte parameterAsBytes[] = null;
                        if(!isLoadDataQuery)
                            parameterAsBytes = StringUtils.getBytes(x, charConverter, charEncoding, connection.getServerCharacterEncoding(), connection.parserKnowsUnicode());
                        else
                            parameterAsBytes = x.getBytes();
                        setBytes(parameterIndex, parameterAsBytes);
                    }
                    return;
                }
                String parameterAsString = x;
                boolean needsQuoted = true;
                if(isLoadDataQuery || isEscapeNeededForString(x, stringLength))
                {
                    needsQuoted = false;
                    StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer((int)((double)x.length() * 1.1000000000000001D));
                    buf.append('\'');
                    for(int i = 0; i < stringLength; i++)
                    {
                        char c = x.charAt(i);
                        switch(c)
                        {
                        case 0: // '\0'
                            buf.append('\\');
                            buf.append('0');
                            break;
                        case 10: // '\n'
                            buf.append('\\');
                            buf.append('n');
                            break;
                        case 13: // '\r'
                            buf.append('\\');
                            buf.append('r');
                            break;
                        case 92: // '\\'
                            buf.append('\\');
                            buf.append('\\');
                            break;
                        case 39: // '\''
                            buf.append('\\');
                            buf.append('\'');
                            break;
                        case 34: // '"'
                            if(usingAnsiMode)
                                buf.append('\\');
                            buf.append('"');
                            break;
                        case 26: // '\032'
                            buf.append('\\');
                            buf.append('Z');
                            break;
                        default:
                            buf.append(c);
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    buf.append('\'');
                    parameterAsString = buf.toString();
                }
                byte parameterAsBytes[] = null;
                if(!isLoadDataQuery)
                {
                    if(needsQuoted)
                        parameterAsBytes = StringUtils.getBytesWrapped(parameterAsString, '\'', '\'', charConverter, charEncoding, connection.getServerCharacterEncoding(), connection.parserKnowsUnicode());
                    else
                        parameterAsBytes = StringUtils.getBytes(parameterAsString, charConverter, charEncoding, connection.getServerCharacterEncoding(), connection.parserKnowsUnicode());
                } else
                {
                    parameterAsBytes = parameterAsString.getBytes();
                }
                setInternal(parameterIndex, parameterAsBytes);
                parameterTypes[(parameterIndex - 1) + getParameterIndexOffset()] = 12;
            }
        }