Shiro_shiro是做什么d-CSDN博客

apache shiro 是一个安全认证框架，和 spring security 相比，在于他使用了比较简洁易懂的认证和授权方式。其提供的 native-session（即把用户认证后的授权信息保存在其自身提供 Session 中）机制，这样就可以和 HttpSession、EJB Session Bean 的基于容器的 Session 脱耦，到和客户端应用、Flex 应用、远程方法调用等都可以使用它来配置权限认证。

下面是整理的一些资料，代码片段。

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>permission</display-name>


<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/spring/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>


<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>

</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>



<filter>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>

<init-param>
<param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>

<init-param>
<param-name>targetBeanName</param-name>
<param-value>shiroFilter</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>


<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

shiro的配置文件：
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd ">



<bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean">
<property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager" />

<property name="loginUrl" value="/login.action" />

<property name="successUrl" value="/first.action"/>

<property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/refuse.jsp" />

<property name="filters">
<map>

<entry key="authc" value-ref="formAuthenticationFilter" />
</map>
</property>


<property name="filterChainDefinitions">
<value>

/images/** = anon
/js/** = anon
/styles/** = anon

/validatecode.jsp = anon


/logout.action = logout



/index.jsp = user
/first.action = user
/welcome.jsp = user

/** = authc


</value>
</property>
</bean>


<bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager">
<property name="realm" ref="customRealm" />

<property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager"/>

<property name="sessionManager" ref="sessionManager" />

<property name="rememberMeManager" ref="rememberMeManager"/>

</bean>


<bean id="customRealm" class="cn.itcast.ssm.shiro.CustomRealm">

<property name="credentialsMatcher" ref="credentialsMatcher"/>
</bean>


<bean id="credentialsMatcher"
class="org.apache.shiro.authc.credential.HashedCredentialsMatcher">
<property name="hashAlgorithmName" value="md5" />
<property name="hashIterations" value="1" />
</bean>


<bean id="cacheManager" class="org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManager">
<property name="cacheManagerConfigFile" value="classpath:shiro-ehcache.xml"/>
</bean>


<bean id="sessionManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.session.mgt.DefaultWebSessionManager">

<property name="globalSessionTimeout" value="600000"/>

<property name="deleteInvalidSessions" value="true"/>
</bean>



<bean id="formAuthenticationFilter"
class="cn.itcast.ssm.shiro.CustomFormAuthenticationFilter ">

<property name="usernameParam" value="username" />

<property name="passwordParam" value="password" />

<property name="rememberMeParam" value="rememberMe"/>
</bean>


<bean id="rememberMeManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.CookieRememberMeManager">
<property name="cookie" ref="rememberMeCookie" />
</bean>

<bean id="rememberMeCookie" class="org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.SimpleCookie">

<constructor-arg value="rememberMe" />

<property name="maxAge" value="2592000" />
</bean>

</beans>

loginUrl认证提交地址： contraoller 中的login()

//登陆提交地址，和applicationContext-shiro.xml中配置的loginurl一致
@RequestMapping("login")
public String login(HttpServletRequest request)throws Exception{

//如果登陆失败从request中获取认证异常信息，shiroLoginFailure就是shiro异常类的全限定名
String exceptionClassName = (String) request.getAttribute("shiroLoginFailure");
//根据shiro返回的异常类路径判断，抛出指定异常信息
if(exceptionClassName!=null){
if (UnknownAccountException.class.getName().equals(exceptionClassName)) {
//最终会抛给异常处理器
throw new CustomException("账号不存在");
} else if (IncorrectCredentialsException.class.getName().equals(
exceptionClassName)) {
throw new CustomException("用户名/密码错误");
} else if("randomCodeError".equals(exceptionClassName)){
throw new CustomException("验证码错误 ");
}else {
throw new Exception();//最终在异常处理器生成未知错误
}
}
//此方法不处理登陆成功（认证成功），shiro认证成功会自动跳转到上一个请求路径
//登陆失败还到login页面
return "login";
}

自定义Realm：

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import cn.itcast.ssm.po.ActiveUser;
import cn.itcast.ssm.po.SysPermission;
import cn.itcast.ssm.po.SysUser;
import cn.itcast.ssm.service.SysService;

// 自定义Realm
public class CustomRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {

//注入service
@Autowired
private SysService sysService;

// 设置realm的名称
@Override
public void setName(String name) {
super.setName("customRealm");
}

// 用于认证
//没有连接数据库的方法
/*@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(
AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {

// token是用户输入的用户名和密码
// 第一步从token中取出用户名
String userCode = (String) token.getPrincipal();

// 第二步：根据用户输入的userCode从数据库查询
// ....

// 如果查询不到返回null
//数据库中用户账号是zhangsansan
if(!userCode.equals("zhangsansan")){//
return null;
}

// 模拟从数据库查询到密码
String password = "111111";

// 如果查询到返回认证信息AuthenticationInfo

//activeUser就是用户身份信息
ActiveUser activeUser = new ActiveUser();

activeUser.setUserid("zhangsan");
activeUser.setUsercode("zhangsan");
activeUser.setUsername("张三");
//..

//根据用户id取出菜单
//通过service取出菜单
List<SysPermission> menus = null;
try {
menus = sysService.findMenuListByUserId("zhangsan");
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
//将用户菜单设置到activeUser
activeUser.setMenus(menus);

//将activeUser设置simpleAuthenticationInfo
SimpleAuthenticationInfo simpleAuthenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(
activeUser, password, this.getName());

return simpleAuthenticationInfo;
}*/

//realm的认证方法，从数据库查询用户信息
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(
AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {

// token是用户输入的用户名和密码
// 第一步从token中取出用户名
String userCode = (String) token.getPrincipal();

// 第二步：根据用户输入的userCode从数据库查询
SysUser sysUser = null;
try {
sysUser = sysService.findSysUserByUserCode(userCode);
} catch (Exception e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}

// 如果查询不到返回null
if(sysUser==null){//
return null;
}
// 从数据库查询到密码
String password = sysUser.getPassword();

//盐
String salt = sysUser.getSalt();

// 如果查询到返回认证信息AuthenticationInfo

//activeUser就是用户身份信息
ActiveUser activeUser = new ActiveUser();

activeUser.setUserid(sysUser.getId());
activeUser.setUsercode(sysUser.getUsercode());
activeUser.setUsername(sysUser.getUsername());
//..

//根据用户id取出菜单
List<SysPermission> menus = null;
try {
//通过service取出菜单
menus = sysService.findMenuListByUserId(sysUser.getId());
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
//将用户菜单设置到activeUser
activeUser.setMenus(menus);

//将activeUser设置simpleAuthenticationInfo
SimpleAuthenticationInfo simpleAuthenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(
activeUser, password,ByteSource.Util.bytes(salt), this.getName());

return simpleAuthenticationInfo;
}

// 用于授权
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(
PrincipalCollection principals) {

//从 principals获取主身份信息
//将getPrimaryPrincipal方法返回值转为真实身份类型（在上边的doGetAuthenticationInfo认证通过填充到SimpleAuthenticationInfo中身份类型），
ActiveUser activeUser = (ActiveUser) principals.getPrimaryPrincipal();

//根据身份信息获取权限信息
//从数据库获取到权限数据
List<SysPermission> permissionList = null;
try {
permissionList = sysService.findPermissionListByUserId(activeUser.getUserid());
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
//单独定一个集合对象
List<String> permissions = new ArrayList<String>();
if(permissionList!=null){
for(SysPermission sysPermission:permissionList){
//将数据库中的权限标签符放入集合
permissions.add(sysPermission.getPercode());
}
}

/* List<String> permissions = new ArrayList<String>();
permissions.add("user:create");//用户的创建
permissions.add("item:query");//商品查询权限
permissions.add("item:add");//商品添加权限
permissions.add("item:edit");//商品修改权限
*/ //....

//查到权限数据，返回授权信息(要包括上边的permissions)
SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
//将上边查询到授权信息填充到simpleAuthorizationInfo对象中
simpleAuthorizationInfo.addStringPermissions(permissions);

return simpleAuthorizationInfo;
}

//清除缓存
public void clearCached() {
PrincipalCollection principals = SecurityUtils.getSubject().getPrincipals();
super.clearCache(principals);
}

}

首页的controller：

@RequestMapping("/first")
public String first(Model model)throws Exception{

//从shiro的session中取activeUser
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
//取身份信息
ActiveUser activeUser = (ActiveUser) subject.getPrincipal();
//通过model传到页面
model.addAttribute("activeUser", activeUser);

return "/first";
}

查询的controller：
@RequestMapping("/queryItems")
@RequiresPermissions("item:query")//执行queryItems需要"item:query"权限
public ModelAndView queryItems(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {

System.out.println(request.getParameter("id"));

//调用service查询商品列表
List<ItemsCustom> itemsList = itemsService.findItemsList(null);

ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
modelAndView.addObject("itemsList", itemsList);
// 指定逻辑视图名
modelAndView.setViewName("itemsList");

return modelAndView;
}

****************************************************************************************************************
用户认证：
1-1 ，页面请求login登录页面，根据上面配置的数据走向：
1，先走filter（formAuthenticationFilter）进行验证码校验的filter，上面也不做。
2，走controller中的login，返回的exceptionClassName为null，显示login页面。

1-2，登录页面输入正确的用户名，密码登录，
1，先走filter（formAuthenticationFilter）进行验证码校验的filter，进行验证码校验（页面生成的校验码与录入的校验码进行校验），
验证码校验失败：走loginController,根据返回的异常信息进行不同的处理。
验证码校验成功：走customRealm进行用户认证。

2，customRealm进行用户认证，执行doGetAuthenticationInfo方法。认证成功之后走first.action, 显示index页面。

授权：
1-3 在主页面点击页面的菜单link，
1，customRealm进行用户授权方法，执行doGetAuthorizationInfo方法。根据身份信息获取权限信息,从数据库获取到权限数据，
将查询到授权信息填充到simpleAuthorizationInfo对象中。
2，走controller中的对应的请求方法，如果@RequiresPermissions注解中填写的权限与查询到的授权信息一致则往下走，
否则报subject没有对应的权限错误（org.apache.shiro.authz.UnauthorizedException: Subject does not have permission [item:query1]）。