网络编程—UDP与URL

网络编程—UDP

发消息：不用连接；需要知道对方的地址！

---

发送消息

客户端

package com.deng.lesson03;
​
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
​
//不需要连接服务器
public class UdpClientDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //1.建立一个Socket
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
        //2.建个包
        String msg = "你好，欢迎光临";
        //发送给谁
        InetAddress localhost = InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
        int port = 9090;
        //数据  数据的长度起始 要发送给谁
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(msg.getBytes(), 0, msg.getBytes().length,localhost,port);
        //3.发送包
        socket.send(packet);
        //4.关闭流
        socket.close();
    }
}

服务端

package com.deng.lesson03;
​
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
​
public class UdpServerDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //开放端口
        DatagramSocket socket= new DatagramSocket(9090);
        //接受数据包
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
​
        socket.receive(packet);//阻塞接受
​
        System.out.println(packet.getAddress().getHostAddress());
        System.out.println(new String(packet.getData(),0,packet.getLength()));
        //关闭连接
        socket.close();
    }
}

咨询

循环发送消息

package com.deng.chat;
​
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
​
//发送方
public class UdpSenderDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(8888);
​
        //准备数据  控制台System.in
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
​
        while (true){
            String data = reader.readLine();
            byte[] datas = data.getBytes();
            DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(datas,0,datas.length,new InetSocketAddress("localhost",6666));
            socket.send(packet);
            if (data.equals("bye")){
                break;
            }
        }
        socket.close();
    }
}

循环接收消息

package com.deng.chat;
​
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
​
//接收方
public class UdpReceiveDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws  Exception{
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(6666);
        while (true){
         //准备接受包裹
       byte[] container = new byte[1024];
       DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(container, 0, container.length);
       socket.receive(packet);//阻塞式接受包裹
​
       //断开连接 bye
       byte[] data = packet.getData();
       String receiveData = new String(data, 0, data.length);
       System.out.println(receiveData);
       if (receiveData.equals("bye")){
           break;
          }
       }
       socket.close();
    }
}

在线咨询： 两个人都可以是发送方 都可以是接收方

1. 建一个TalkReceive

package com.deng.chat;
​
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;
​
public class TalkReceive implements Runnable{
​
    DatagramSocket socket = null;
    private int port;
    private String msgFrom;
​
    public TalkReceive(int port,String msgFrom) {
        this.port = port;
        this.msgFrom =msgFrom;
        try {
            socket = new DatagramSocket(port);
        } catch (SocketException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
​
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true){
            try {
                //准备接受包裹
                byte[] container = new byte[1024];
                DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(container, 0, container.length);
                socket.receive(packet);//阻塞式接受包裹
​
                //断开连接 bye
                byte[] data = packet.getData();
                String receiveData = new String(data, 0, data.length);
​
                System.out.println(msgFrom +":"+receiveData);
​
                if (receiveData.equals("bye")){
                    break;
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        socket.close();
    }
​
}
​

1. 建一个TalkSend

package com.deng.chat;
​
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;
​
public class TalkSend implements Runnable{
    DatagramSocket socket = null;
    BufferedReader reader = null;
​
    private int fromPort;
    private String toIP;
    private int toPort;
    public TalkSend(int fromPor,String toIP,int toPort) {
        this.fromPort = fromPort;
        this.toIP = toIP;
        this.toPort = toPort;
​
        try {
            socket = new DatagramSocket(fromPort);
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        } catch (SocketException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
​
​
    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            while (true){
                String data = reader.readLine();
                byte[] datas = data.getBytes();
                DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(datas,0,datas.length,new InetSocketAddress(this.toIP,this.toPort));
                socket.send(packet);
                if (data.equals("bye")){
                    break;
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        socket.close();
    }
}

1. 建一个TalkSend

package com.deng.chat;
​
public class TalkSend {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //开启两个线程
        new Thread(new TalkSend(7777,"localhost",9999)).start();
        new Thread(new TalkReceive(8888,"老师")).start();
    }
}
​

1. 建一个TalkTeacher

package com.deng.chat;
​
public class TalkTeacher {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new TalkSend(5555,"localhost",8888)).start();
        new Thread(new TalkReceive(9999,"学生")).start();
    }
}
​

URL

统一资源定位符：定位资源的，定位互联网上的某一个资源

DNS 域名解析 xxx.x..x..x

1.协议： //ip地址：端口/项目名/资源

例题：下载网络资源

package com.deng.lesson04;
​
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
​
//下载网络资源
public class urlDown {
​
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //1.下载地址
        URL url = new URL("https://s4.music.126.net/style/web2/img/default/default_avatar_40.jpg");
        //2.连接到这个资源 HTTP
        HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
​
        InputStream inputStream = urlConnection.getInputStream();
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("40.jpg");
​
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while ((len=inputStream.read(buffer))!=-1){
            fos.write(buffer,0,len);//写出数据
        }
        fos.close();
        inputStream.close();
        urlConnection.disconnect();//断开连接
    }
}